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1 | 1 | # How Express Relay Works |
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3 | | -Express Relay allows protocols to eliminate maximal extractable value (MEV). |
| 3 | +Express Relay allows protocols to eliminate [Maximal Extractable Value](https://www.ledger.com/academy/glossary/maximal-extractable-value-mev) (MEV). |
4 | 4 | Many protocols generate MEV on a regular basis. |
5 | 5 | For example, borrow-lending protocols provide bonuses to searchers for liquidating undercollateralized loans. |
6 | 6 | Searchers compete for these bonuses by tipping the chain's miners or validators. |
7 | | -The validators capture most of the value of the liquidation bonus via these tips, so the liquidation bonus is in essence a transfer of wealth from the protocol's users to the validators. |
| 7 | +The validators capture most of the value of the liquidation bonus via these tips, so the liquidation bonus is a transfer of wealth from the protocol's users to the validators in the form of tips. |
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9 | | -Express Relay solves the problem of MEV by providing protocol developers with an auction primitive that they can use to prioritize access to valuable protocol operations. |
| 9 | +Express Relay solves the problem of MEV by providing protocol developers with an [auction](./how-express-relay-works/auction.mdx) primitive that they can use to prioritize access to valuable protocol operations. |
10 | 10 | Developers specify a set of operations in their protocol that must be accessed through Express Relay. |
11 | 11 | Searchers then participate in an off-chain auction to access these operations. |
12 | | -Their bids in the auction are used to determine the priority of their transactions, i.e., the order in which their transactions will be executed. |
13 | | -The winners' transactions are forwarded to the blockchain, which both pays their bid and executes the operation. |
14 | | -The profits of the auction are then split between the integrated protocol and other participants in Express Relay. |
| 12 | +Their bids in the auction are used to determine the order in which their transactions will be executed. |
| 13 | +The winners' transactions are forwarded to the Express Relay smart contract. As part of the transaction, searchers must pay their specified bid. |
| 14 | +The auction profits are then split between the integrated protocol and other participants in Express Relay. |
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18 | | -FIXME: update this diagram with the designers' version |
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20 | 20 | The diagram above shows how Express Relay changes the MEV landscape for a liquidation. |
21 | | -In the status quo (left), Searchers tip miners in order to guarantee that their liquidation transaction lands on-chain, and their transaction directly interacts with the protocol exposing the liquidation opportunity. |
22 | | -With Express Relay (right), Searchers submit bids for their transaction to the Express Relay auction. |
23 | | -After the auction, the winning bids are relayed to the blockchain, where the transactions are processed by the Express Relay smart contract before being forwarded on to the integrated protocol. |
| 21 | +In the status quo (above), Searchers tip miners to guarantee that their liquidation transaction lands on-chain and that their transaction directly interacts with the protocol, exposing the liquidation opportunity. |
| 22 | +With Express Relay (down), Searchers submit bids for their transaction to the Express Relay auction. |
| 23 | +After the auction, the winning bids are relayed to the blockchain, where the Express Relay smart contract processes the transactions before being forwarded on to the integrated protocol. |
24 | 24 | The Express Relay contract collects payment from the Searchers and forwards a share of the revenue back to the integrated protocol. |
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26 | | -FIXME: I think the diagram is wrong (specifically the liquidation bonus going back to express relay) |
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28 | 26 | ## Which protocols can use Express Relay? |
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30 | 28 | Any protocol with valuable operations can use Express Relay. |
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