Merge branch 'main' into docs/whatsnew/other-language-changes

Author: AA-Turner

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -1,28 +1,28 @@
 repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.12.8
+    rev: v0.13.2
     hooks:
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Doc/
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix]
         files: ^Doc/
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Lib/test/
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix]
         files: ^Lib/test/
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Tools/build/
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix, --config=Tools/build/.ruff.toml]
         files: ^Tools/build/
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Tools/i18n/
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix, --config=Tools/i18n/.ruff.toml]
         files: ^Tools/i18n/
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Argument Clinic
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix, --config=Tools/clinic/.ruff.toml]
         files: ^Tools/clinic/|Lib/test/test_clinic.py
-      - id: ruff
+      - id: ruff-check
         name: Run Ruff (lint) on Tools/peg_generator/
         args: [--exit-non-zero-on-fix, --config=Tools/peg_generator/.ruff.toml]
         files: ^Tools/peg_generator/
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ repos:
         files: ^Tools/build/check_warnings.py
 
   - repo: https://github.com/psf/black-pre-commit-mirror
-    rev: 25.1.0
+    rev: 25.9.0
     hooks:
       - id: black
         name: Run Black on Tools/jit/
@@ -47,7 +47,6 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: remove-tabs
         types: [python]
-        exclude: ^Tools/c-analyzer/cpython/_parser.py
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v6.0.0
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ repos:
         files: '^\.github/CODEOWNERS|\.(gram)$'
 
   - repo: https://github.com/python-jsonschema/check-jsonschema
-    rev: 0.33.2
+    rev: 0.34.0
     hooks:
       - id: check-dependabot
       - id: check-github-workflows
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ repos:
       - id: actionlint
 
   - repo: https://github.com/woodruffw/zizmor-pre-commit
-    rev: v1.11.0
+    rev: v1.14.1
     hooks:
       - id: zizmor
 

Doc/c-api/init.rst

@@ -1382,6 +1382,9 @@ All of the following functions must be called after :c:func:`Py_Initialize`.
    This is not a replacement for :c:func:`PyModule_GetState()`, which
    extensions should use to store interpreter-specific state information.
 
+   The returned dictionary is borrowed from the interpreter and is valid until
+   interpreter shutdown.
+
    .. versionadded:: 3.8
 
 

Doc/data/refcounts.dat

@@ -1141,6 +1141,9 @@ PyInterpreterState_Clear:PyInterpreterState*:interp::
 PyInterpreterState_Delete:void:::
 PyInterpreterState_Delete:PyInterpreterState*:interp::
 
+PyInterpreterState_GetDict:PyObject*::0:
+PyInterpreterState_GetDict:PyInterpreterState*:interp::
+
 PyInterpreterState_GetID:int64_t:::
 PyInterpreterState_GetID:PyInterpreterState*:interp::
 

Doc/library/enum.rst

@@ -315,6 +315,7 @@ Data Types
       Returns ``['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'name', 'value']`` and
       any public methods defined on *self.__class__*::
 
+         >>> from enum import Enum
          >>> from datetime import date
          >>> class Weekday(Enum):
          ...     MONDAY = 1
@@ -341,7 +342,7 @@ Data Types
       A *staticmethod* that is used to determine the next value returned by
       :class:`auto`::
 
-         >>> from enum import auto
+         >>> from enum import auto, Enum
          >>> class PowersOfThree(Enum):
          ...     @staticmethod
          ...     def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):
@@ -373,7 +374,7 @@ Data Types
       A *classmethod* for looking up values not found in *cls*.  By default it
       does nothing, but can be overridden to implement custom search behavior::
 
-         >>> from enum import StrEnum
+         >>> from enum import auto, StrEnum
          >>> class Build(StrEnum):
          ...     DEBUG = auto()
          ...     OPTIMIZED = auto()
@@ -412,6 +413,7 @@ Data Types
       Returns the string used for *repr()* calls.  By default, returns the
       *Enum* name, member name, and value, but can be overridden::
 
+         >>> from enum import auto, Enum
          >>> class OtherStyle(Enum):
          ...     ALTERNATE = auto()
          ...     OTHER = auto()
@@ -428,6 +430,7 @@ Data Types
       Returns the string used for *str()* calls.  By default, returns the
       *Enum* name and member name, but can be overridden::
 
+         >>> from enum import auto, Enum
          >>> class OtherStyle(Enum):
          ...     ALTERNATE = auto()
          ...     OTHER = auto()
@@ -443,6 +446,7 @@ Data Types
       Returns the string used for *format()* and *f-string* calls.  By default,
       returns :meth:`__str__` return value, but can be overridden::
 
+         >>> from enum import auto, Enum
          >>> class OtherStyle(Enum):
          ...     ALTERNATE = auto()
          ...     OTHER = auto()

Doc/library/mmap.rst

@@ -212,8 +212,7 @@ To map anonymous memory, -1 should be passed as the fileno along with the length
          Writable :term:`bytes-like object` is now accepted.
 
 
-   .. method:: flush()
-               flush(offset, size, /)
+   .. method:: flush([offset[, size]])
 
       Flushes changes made to the in-memory copy of a file back to disk. Without
       use of this call there is no guarantee that changes are written back before
@@ -230,6 +229,12 @@ To map anonymous memory, -1 should be passed as the fileno along with the length
          on error under Windows.  A zero value was returned on success; an
          exception was raised on error under Unix.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         Allow specifying *offset* without *size*. Previously, both *offset*
+         and *size* parameters were required together. Now *offset* can be
+         specified alone, and the flush operation will extend from *offset*
+         to the end of the mmap.
+
 
    .. method:: madvise(option[, start[, length]])
 

Doc/library/sqlite3.rst

@@ -1611,6 +1611,9 @@ Cursor objects
       If the *size* parameter is used, then it is best for it to retain the same
       value from one :meth:`fetchmany` call to the next.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         Negative *size* values are rejected by raising :exc:`ValueError`.
+
    .. method:: fetchall()
 
       Return all (remaining) rows of a query result as a :class:`list`.
@@ -1638,6 +1641,9 @@ Cursor objects
       Read/write attribute that controls the number of rows returned by :meth:`fetchmany`.
       The default value is 1 which means a single row would be fetched per call.
 
+      .. versionchanged:: next
+         Negative values are rejected by raising :exc:`ValueError`.
+
    .. attribute:: connection
 
       Read-only attribute that provides the SQLite database :class:`Connection`

Doc/tools/templates/download.html

@@ -40,11 +40,6 @@ <h1>{% trans %}Download Python {{ dl_version }} documentation{% endtrans %}</h1>
     <th>{% trans %}Packed as .zip{% endtrans %}</th>
     <th>{% trans %}Packed as .tar.bz2{% endtrans %}</th>
   </tr>
-  <tr>
-    <td>{% trans %}PDF{% endtrans %}</td>
-    <td>{% trans download_size="17" %}<a href="{{ dl_base }}/python-{{ dl_version }}-docs-pdf-a4.zip">Download</a> (ca. {{ download_size }} MiB){% endtrans %}</td>
-    <td>{% trans download_size="17" %}<a href="{{ dl_base }}/python-{{ dl_version }}-docs-pdf-a4.tar.bz2">Download</a> (ca. {{ download_size }} MiB){% endtrans %}</td>
-  </tr>
   <tr>
     <td>{% trans %}HTML{% endtrans %}</td>
     <td>{% trans download_size="13" %}<a href="{{ dl_base }}/python-{{ dl_version }}-docs-html.zip">Download</a> (ca. {{ download_size }} MiB){% endtrans %}</td>
@@ -69,6 +64,13 @@ <h1>{% trans %}Download Python {{ dl_version }} documentation{% endtrans %}</h1>
 
 <p>{% trans %}These archives contain all the content in the documentation.{% endtrans %}</p>
 
+<p>{% trans %}
+We no longer provide pre-built PDFs of the documentation.
+To build a PDF archive, follow the instructions in the
+<a href="https://devguide.python.org/documentation/start-documenting/#building-the-documentation">Developer's Guide</a>
+and run <code>make dist-pdf</code> in the <code>Doc/</code> directory of a copy of the CPython repository.
+{% endtrans %}</p>
+
 
 <h2>{% trans %}Unpacking{% endtrans %}</h2>
 

Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst

@@ -2668,25 +2668,34 @@ urllib
 Deprecated
 ==========
 
+New Deprecations
+----------------
+
+* Passing a complex number as the *real* or *imag* argument in the
+  :func:`complex` constructor is now deprecated;
+  complex numbers should only be passed as a single positional argument.
+  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`109218`.)
+
 * :mod:`argparse`:
 
-  * Passing the undocumented keyword argument *prefix_chars* to
-    :meth:`~argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument_group` is now
-    deprecated.
+  * Passing the undocumented keyword argument *prefix_chars* to the
+    :meth:`~argparse.ArgumentParser.add_argument_group` method is now deprecated.
     (Contributed by Savannah Ostrowski in :gh:`125563`.)
+
   * Deprecated the :class:`argparse.FileType` type converter.
-    Anything with resource management should be done downstream after the
-    arguments are parsed.
+    Anything relating to resource management should be handled
+    downstream, after the arguments have been parsed.
     (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`58032`.)
 
 * :mod:`asyncio`:
 
-  * :func:`!asyncio.iscoroutinefunction` is deprecated
+  * The :func:`!asyncio.iscoroutinefunction` is now deprecated
     and will be removed in Python 3.16;
     use :func:`inspect.iscoroutinefunction` instead.
     (Contributed by Jiahao Li and Kumar Aditya in :gh:`122875`.)
 
-  * :mod:`asyncio` policy system is deprecated and will be removed in Python 3.16.
+  * The :mod:`asyncio` policy system is deprecated
+    and will be removed in Python 3.16.
     In particular, the following classes and functions are deprecated:
 
     * :class:`asyncio.AbstractEventLoopPolicy`
@@ -2697,99 +2706,102 @@ Deprecated
     * :func:`asyncio.set_event_loop_policy`
 
     Users should use :func:`asyncio.run` or :class:`asyncio.Runner` with
-    *loop_factory* to use the desired event loop implementation.
+    the *loop_factory* argument to use the desired event loop implementation.
 
-    For example, to use :class:`asyncio.SelectorEventLoop` on Windows::
+    For example, to use :class:`asyncio.SelectorEventLoop` on Windows:
 
-      import asyncio
+    .. code-block:: python
 
-      async def main():
-          ...
+       import asyncio
 
-      asyncio.run(main(), loop_factory=asyncio.SelectorEventLoop)
+       async def main():
+           ...
 
-    (Contributed by Kumar Aditya in :gh:`127949`.)
+       asyncio.run(main(), loop_factory=asyncio.SelectorEventLoop)
 
-* :mod:`builtins`:
-  Passing a complex number as the *real* or *imag* argument in the
-  :func:`complex` constructor is now deprecated; it should only be passed
-  as a single positional argument.
-  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`109218`.)
+    (Contributed by Kumar Aditya in :gh:`127949`.)
 
 * :mod:`codecs`:
-  :func:`codecs.open` is now deprecated. Use :func:`open` instead.
+  The :func:`codecs.open` function is now deprecated,
+  and will be removed in a future version of Python.
+  Use :func:`open` instead.
   (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`133036`.)
 
 * :mod:`ctypes`:
 
   * On non-Windows platforms, setting :attr:`.Structure._pack_` to use a
-    MSVC-compatible default memory layout is deprecated in favor of setting
-    :attr:`.Structure._layout_` to ``'ms'``.
+    MSVC-compatible default memory layout is now deprecated in favor of setting
+    :attr:`.Structure._layout_` to ``'ms'``, and will be removed in Python 3.19.
     (Contributed by Petr Viktorin in :gh:`131747`.)
 
-  * Calling :func:`ctypes.POINTER` on a string is deprecated.
-    Use :ref:`ctypes-incomplete-types` for self-referential structures.
+  * Calling :func:`ctypes.POINTER` on a string is now deprecated.
+    Use :ref:`incomplete types <ctypes-incomplete-types>`
+    for self-referential structures.
     Also, the internal ``ctypes._pointer_type_cache`` is deprecated.
     See :func:`ctypes.POINTER` for updated implementation details.
     (Contributed by Sergey Myrianov in :gh:`100926`.)
 
 * :mod:`functools`:
   Calling the Python implementation of :func:`functools.reduce` with *function*
-  or *sequence* as keyword arguments is now deprecated.
+  or *sequence* as keyword arguments is now deprecated;
+  the parameters will be made positional-only in Python 3.16.
   (Contributed by Kirill Podoprigora in :gh:`121676`.)
 
 * :mod:`logging`:
-  Support for custom logging handlers with the *strm* argument is deprecated
-  and scheduled for removal in Python 3.16. Define handlers with the *stream*
-  argument instead. (Contributed by Mariusz Felisiak in :gh:`115032`.)
+  Support for custom logging handlers with the *strm* argument
+  is now deprecated and scheduled for removal in Python 3.16.
+  Define handlers with the *stream* argument instead.
+  (Contributed by Mariusz Felisiak in :gh:`115032`.)
 
 * :mod:`mimetypes`:
-  Valid extensions start with a '.' or are empty for
+  Valid extensions are either empty or must start with '.' for
   :meth:`mimetypes.MimeTypes.add_type`.
   Undotted extensions are deprecated and will
   raise a :exc:`ValueError` in Python 3.16.
   (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`75223`.)
 
-* :mod:`!nturl2path`: This module is now deprecated. Call
-  :func:`urllib.request.url2pathname` and :func:`~urllib.request.pathname2url`
-  instead.
+* :mod:`!nturl2path`:
+  This module is now deprecated. Call :func:`urllib.request.url2pathname`
+  and :func:`~urllib.request.pathname2url` instead.
   (Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`125866`.)
 
 * :mod:`os`:
-  :term:`Soft deprecate <soft deprecated>` :func:`os.popen` and
-  :func:`os.spawn* <os.spawnl>` functions. They should no longer be used to
-  write new code.  The :mod:`subprocess` module is recommended instead.
+  The :func:`os.popen` and :func:`os.spawn* <os.spawnl>` functions
+  are now :term:`soft deprecated`.
+  They should no longer be used to write new code.
+  The :mod:`subprocess` module is recommended instead.
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`120743`.)
 
 * :mod:`pathlib`:
-  :meth:`!pathlib.PurePath.as_uri` is deprecated and will be removed in Python
-  3.19. Use :meth:`pathlib.Path.as_uri` instead.
+  :meth:`!pathlib.PurePath.as_uri` is now deprecated
+  and scheduled for removal in Python 3.19.
+  Use :meth:`pathlib.Path.as_uri` instead.
   (Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`123599`.)
 
 * :mod:`pdb`:
   The undocumented ``pdb.Pdb.curframe_locals`` attribute is now a deprecated
-  read-only property. The low overhead dynamic frame locals access added in
-  Python 3.13 by PEP 667 means the frame locals cache reference previously
-  stored in this attribute is no longer needed. Derived debuggers should access
+  read-only property, which will be removed in a future version of Python.
+  The low overhead dynamic frame locals access added in Python 3.13 by :pep:`667`
+  means the frame locals cache reference previously stored in this attribute
+  is no longer needed. Derived debuggers should access
   ``pdb.Pdb.curframe.f_locals`` directly in Python 3.13 and later versions.
   (Contributed by Tian Gao in :gh:`124369` and :gh:`125951`.)
 
 * :mod:`symtable`:
-  Deprecate :meth:`symtable.Class.get_methods` due to the lack of interest.
+  Deprecate :meth:`symtable.Class.get_methods` due to the lack of interest,
+  scheduled for removal in Python 3.16.
   (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`119698`.)
 
 * :mod:`tkinter`:
   The :class:`!tkinter.Variable` methods :meth:`!trace_variable`,
   :meth:`!trace_vdelete` and :meth:`!trace_vinfo` are now deprecated.
-  Use :meth:`!trace_add`, :meth:`!trace_remove` and :meth:`!trace_info`
-  instead.
+  Use :meth:`!trace_add`, :meth:`!trace_remove` and :meth:`!trace_info` instead.
   (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`120220`.)
 
 * :mod:`urllib.parse`:
   Accepting objects with false values (like ``0`` and ``[]``) except empty
-  strings, byte-like objects and ``None`` in :mod:`urllib.parse` functions
-  :func:`~urllib.parse.parse_qsl` and :func:`~urllib.parse.parse_qs` is now
-  deprecated.
+  strings, bytes-like objects and ``None`` in :func:`~urllib.parse.parse_qsl`
+  and :func:`~urllib.parse.parse_qs` is now deprecated.
   (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`116897`.)
 
 .. Add deprecations above alphabetically, not here at the end.