gh-134976: document the exception type that can be raised by s[i] (GH-134977)

(cherry picked from commit 158e516)

Co-authored-by: Yongzi Li <[email protected]>

Author: Yzi-Li

Doc/library/stdtypes.rst

@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ operations have the same priority as the corresponding numeric operations. [3]_
 | ``s * n`` or             | equivalent to adding *s* to    | (2)(7)   |
 | ``n * s``                | itself *n* times               |          |
 +--------------------------+--------------------------------+----------+
-| ``s[i]``                 | *i*\ th item of *s*, origin 0  | \(3)     |
+| ``s[i]``                 | *i*\ th item of *s*, origin 0  | (3)(9)   |
 +--------------------------+--------------------------------+----------+
 | ``s[i:j]``               | slice of *s* from *i* to *j*   | (3)(4)   |
 +--------------------------+--------------------------------+----------+
@@ -1108,6 +1108,9 @@ Notes:
    without copying any data and with the returned index being relative to
    the start of the sequence rather than the start of the slice.
 
+(9)
+   An :exc:`IndexError` is raised if *i* is outside the sequence range.
+
 
 .. _typesseq-immutable: