Merge branch 'main' into docs/refwarn/whatsnew-2.7

Author: hugovk

Doc/howto/instrumentation.rst

@@ -269,6 +269,8 @@ should instead read:
 (assuming a :ref:`debug build <debug-build>` of CPython 3.6)
 
 
+.. _static-markers:
+
 Available static markers
 ------------------------
 

Doc/library/curses.rst

@@ -716,8 +716,10 @@ The module :mod:`curses` defines the following functions:
 Window Objects
 --------------
 
-Window objects, as returned by :func:`initscr` and :func:`newwin` above, have
-the following methods and attributes:
+.. class:: window
+
+   Window objects, as returned by :func:`initscr` and :func:`newwin` above, have
+   the following methods and attributes:
 
 
 .. method:: window.addch(ch[, attr])

Doc/library/hmac.rst

@@ -50,7 +50,9 @@ cannot be used with HMAC.
    .. versionadded:: 3.7
 
 
-An HMAC object has the following methods:
+.. class:: HMAC
+
+   An HMAC object has the following methods:
 
 .. method:: HMAC.update(msg)
 

Doc/library/mmap.rst

@@ -48,10 +48,11 @@ update the underlying file.
 
 To map anonymous memory, -1 should be passed as the fileno along with the length.
 
-.. class:: mmap(fileno, length, tagname=None, access=ACCESS_DEFAULT, offset=0)
+.. class:: mmap(fileno, length, tagname=None, \
+                access=ACCESS_DEFAULT, offset=0, *, trackfd=True)
 
    **(Windows version)** Maps *length* bytes from the file specified by the
-   file handle *fileno*, and creates a mmap object.  If *length* is larger
+   file descriptor *fileno*, and creates a mmap object.  If *length* is larger
    than the current size of the file, the file is extended to contain *length*
    bytes.  If *length* is ``0``, the maximum length of the map is the current
    size of the file, except that if the file is empty Windows raises an
@@ -69,6 +70,17 @@ To map anonymous memory, -1 should be passed as the fileno along with the length
    will be relative to the offset from the beginning of the file. *offset*
    defaults to 0.  *offset* must be a multiple of the :const:`ALLOCATIONGRANULARITY`.
 
+   If *trackfd* is ``False``, the file handle corresponding to *fileno* will
+   not be duplicated, and the resulting :class:`!mmap` object will not
+   be associated with the map's underlying file.
+   This means that the :meth:`~mmap.mmap.size` and :meth:`~mmap.mmap.resize`
+   methods will fail.
+   This mode is useful to limit the number of open file handles.
+   The original file can be renamed (but not deleted) after closing *fileno*.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: next
+      The *trackfd* parameter was added.
+
    .. audit-event:: mmap.__new__ fileno,length,access,offset mmap.mmap
 
 .. class:: mmap(fileno, length, flags=MAP_SHARED, prot=PROT_WRITE|PROT_READ, \

Doc/library/xml.sax.handler.rst

@@ -248,8 +248,7 @@ events in the input document:
 
    The *name* parameter contains the raw XML 1.0 name of the element type as a
    string and the *attrs* parameter holds an object of the
-   :class:`~xml.sax.xmlreader.Attributes`
-   interface (see :ref:`attributes-objects`) containing the attributes of
+   :ref:`Attributes <attributes-objects>` interface containing the attributes of
    the element.  The object passed as *attrs* may be re-used by the parser; holding
    on to a reference to it is not a reliable way to keep a copy of the attributes.
    To keep a copy of the attributes, use the :meth:`copy` method of the *attrs*
@@ -271,8 +270,7 @@ events in the input document:
    The *name* parameter contains the name of the element type as a ``(uri,
    localname)`` tuple, the *qname* parameter contains the raw XML 1.0 name used in
    the source document, and the *attrs* parameter holds an instance of the
-   :class:`~xml.sax.xmlreader.AttributesNS` interface (see
-   :ref:`attributes-ns-objects`)
+   :ref:`AttributesNS <attributes-ns-objects>` interface
    containing the attributes of the element.  If no namespace is associated with
    the element, the *uri* component of *name* will be ``None``.  The object passed
    as *attrs* may be re-used by the parser; holding on to a reference to it is not

Doc/reference/datamodel.rst

@@ -2351,6 +2351,9 @@ Customizing module attribute access
    single: __dir__ (module attribute)
    single: __class__ (module attribute)
 
+.. method:: module.__getattr__
+            module.__dir__
+
 Special names ``__getattr__`` and ``__dir__`` can be also used to customize
 access to module attributes. The ``__getattr__`` function at the module level
 should accept one argument which is the name of an attribute and return the
@@ -2364,6 +2367,8 @@ The ``__dir__`` function should accept no arguments, and return an iterable of
 strings that represents the names accessible on module. If present, this
 function overrides the standard :func:`dir` search on a module.
 
+.. attribute:: module.__class__
+
 For a more fine grained customization of the module behavior (setting
 attributes, properties, etc.), one can set the ``__class__`` attribute of
 a module object to a subclass of :class:`types.ModuleType`. For example::

Doc/tools/.nitignore

@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@ Doc/library/wsgiref.rst
 Doc/library/xml.dom.minidom.rst
 Doc/library/xml.dom.pulldom.rst
 Doc/library/xml.dom.rst
-Doc/library/xml.sax.handler.rst
 Doc/library/xml.sax.reader.rst
 Doc/library/xml.sax.rst
 Doc/library/xmlrpc.client.rst
@@ -62,10 +61,7 @@ Doc/using/windows.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/2.4.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/2.5.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/2.6.rst
-Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/3.5.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst
-Doc/whatsnew/3.7.rst
-Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst
 Doc/whatsnew/3.10.rst

Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst

@@ -2819,41 +2819,6 @@ CPython bytecode changes
 * Replaced the opcode ``BINARY_SUBSCR`` by :opcode:`BINARY_OP` with oparg ``NB_SUBSCR``.
   (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`100239`.)
 
-Porting to Python 3.14
-======================
-
-This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes
-that may require changes to your code.
-
-Changes in the Python API
--------------------------
-
-* :class:`functools.partial` is now a method descriptor.
-  Wrap it in :func:`staticmethod` if you want to preserve the old behavior.
-  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka and Dominykas Grigonis in :gh:`121027`.)
-
-* The :ref:`garbage collector is now incremental <whatsnew314-incremental-gc>`,
-  which means that the behavior of :func:`gc.collect` changes slightly:
-
-  * ``gc.collect(1)``: Performs an increment of garbage collection,
-    rather than collecting generation 1.
-  * Other calls to :func:`!gc.collect` are unchanged.
-
-* The :func:`locale.nl_langinfo` function now temporarily sets the ``LC_CTYPE``
-  locale in some cases.
-  This temporary change affects other threads.
-  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`69998`.)
-
-* :class:`types.UnionType` is now an alias for :class:`typing.Union`,
-  causing changes in some behaviors.
-  See :ref:`above <whatsnew314-typing-union>` for more details.
-  (Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`105499`.)
-
-* The runtime behavior of annotations has changed in various ways; see
-  :ref:`above <whatsnew314-pep649>` for details. While most code that interacts
-  with annotations should continue to work, some undocumented details may behave
-  differently.
-
 
 Build changes
 =============
@@ -3048,63 +3013,6 @@ Limited C API changes
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`91417`.)
 
 
-Porting to Python 3.14
-----------------------
-
-* :c:func:`Py_Finalize` now deletes all interned strings. This
-  is backwards incompatible to any C-Extension that holds onto an interned
-  string after a call to :c:func:`Py_Finalize` and is then reused after a
-  call to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`.  Any issues arising from this behavior will
-  normally result in crashes during the execution of the subsequent call to
-  :c:func:`Py_Initialize` from accessing uninitialized memory. To fix, use
-  an address sanitizer to identify any use-after-free coming from
-  an interned string and deallocate it during module shutdown.
-  (Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :gh:`113601`.)
-
-* The :ref:`Unicode Exception Objects <unicodeexceptions>` C API
-  now raises a :exc:`TypeError` if its exception argument is not
-  a :exc:`UnicodeError` object.
-  (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`127691`.)
-
-.. _whatsnew314-refcount:
-
-* The interpreter internally avoids some reference count modifications when
-  loading objects onto the operands stack by :term:`borrowing <borrowed reference>`
-  references when possible. This can lead to smaller reference count values
-  compared to previous Python versions. C API extensions that checked
-  :c:func:`Py_REFCNT` of ``1`` to determine if an function argument is not
-  referenced by any other code should instead use
-  :c:func:`PyUnstable_Object_IsUniqueReferencedTemporary` as a safer replacement.
-
-
-* Private functions promoted to public C APIs:
-
-  * ``_PyBytes_Join()``: :c:func:`PyBytes_Join`
-  * ``_PyLong_IsNegative()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsNegative`
-  * ``_PyLong_IsPositive()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsPositive`
-  * ``_PyLong_IsZero()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsZero`
-  * ``_PyLong_Sign()``: :c:func:`PyLong_GetSign`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Dealloc()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Discard`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Finish()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Finish`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Init()``: use :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Create`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Prepare()``: (no replacement)
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_PrepareKind()``: (no replacement)
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr`
-  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteSubstring()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteSubstring`
-  * ``_PyUnicode_EQ()``: :c:func:`PyUnicode_Equal`
-  * ``_PyUnicode_Equal()``: :c:func:`PyUnicode_Equal`
-  * ``_Py_GetConfig()``: :c:func:`PyConfig_Get` and :c:func:`PyConfig_GetInt`
-  * ``_Py_HashBytes()``: :c:func:`Py_HashBuffer`
-  * ``_Py_fopen_obj()``: :c:func:`Py_fopen`
-  * ``PyMutex_IsLocked()`` : :c:func:`PyMutex_IsLocked`
-
-  The `pythoncapi-compat project`_ can be used to get most of these new
-  functions on Python 3.13 and older.
-
-.. _pythoncapi-compat project: https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/
-
-
 .. _whatsnew314-c-api-deprecated:
 
 Deprecated
@@ -3210,3 +3118,97 @@ Removed
   Please use :c:func:`Py_EnterRecursiveCall` to guard against runaway recursion
   in C code.
   (Removed in :gh:`133079`, see also :gh:`130396`.)
+
+
+Porting to Python 3.14
+======================
+
+This section lists previously described changes and other bugfixes
+that may require changes to your code.
+
+
+Changes in the Python API
+-------------------------
+
+* :class:`functools.partial` is now a method descriptor.
+  Wrap it in :func:`staticmethod` if you want to preserve the old behavior.
+  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka and Dominykas Grigonis in :gh:`121027`.)
+
+* The :ref:`garbage collector is now incremental <whatsnew314-incremental-gc>`,
+  which means that the behavior of :func:`gc.collect` changes slightly:
+
+  * ``gc.collect(1)``: Performs an increment of garbage collection,
+    rather than collecting generation 1.
+  * Other calls to :func:`!gc.collect` are unchanged.
+
+* The :func:`locale.nl_langinfo` function now temporarily sets the ``LC_CTYPE``
+  locale in some cases.
+  This temporary change affects other threads.
+  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`69998`.)
+
+* :class:`types.UnionType` is now an alias for :class:`typing.Union`,
+  causing changes in some behaviors.
+  See :ref:`above <whatsnew314-typing-union>` for more details.
+  (Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`105499`.)
+
+* The runtime behavior of annotations has changed in various ways; see
+  :ref:`above <whatsnew314-pep649>` for details. While most code that interacts
+  with annotations should continue to work, some undocumented details may behave
+  differently.
+
+
+Changes in the C API
+--------------------
+
+* :c:func:`Py_Finalize` now deletes all interned strings. This
+  is backwards incompatible to any C extension that holds onto an interned
+  string after a call to :c:func:`Py_Finalize` and is then reused after a
+  call to :c:func:`Py_Initialize`.  Any issues arising from this behavior will
+  normally result in crashes during the execution of the subsequent call to
+  :c:func:`Py_Initialize` from accessing uninitialized memory. To fix, use
+  an address sanitizer to identify any use-after-free coming from
+  an interned string and deallocate it during module shutdown.
+  (Contributed by Eddie Elizondo in :gh:`113601`.)
+
+* The :ref:`Unicode Exception Objects <unicodeexceptions>` C API
+  now raises a :exc:`TypeError` if its exception argument is not
+  a :exc:`UnicodeError` object.
+  (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`127691`.)
+
+.. _whatsnew314-refcount:
+
+* The interpreter internally avoids some reference count modifications when
+  loading objects onto the operands stack by :term:`borrowing <borrowed reference>`
+  references when possible. This can lead to smaller reference count values
+  compared to previous Python versions. C API extensions that checked
+  :c:func:`Py_REFCNT` of ``1`` to determine if an function argument is not
+  referenced by any other code should instead use
+  :c:func:`PyUnstable_Object_IsUniqueReferencedTemporary` as a safer replacement.
+
+
+* Private functions promoted to public C APIs:
+
+  * ``_PyBytes_Join()``: :c:func:`PyBytes_Join`
+  * ``_PyLong_IsNegative()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsNegative`
+  * ``_PyLong_IsPositive()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsPositive`
+  * ``_PyLong_IsZero()``: :c:func:`PyLong_IsZero`
+  * ``_PyLong_Sign()``: :c:func:`PyLong_GetSign`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Dealloc()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Discard`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Finish()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Finish`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Init()``: use :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_Create`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_Prepare()``: (no replacement)
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_PrepareKind()``: (no replacement)
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteChar`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteStr`
+  * ``_PyUnicodeWriter_WriteSubstring()``: :c:func:`PyUnicodeWriter_WriteSubstring`
+  * ``_PyUnicode_EQ()``: :c:func:`PyUnicode_Equal`
+  * ``_PyUnicode_Equal()``: :c:func:`PyUnicode_Equal`
+  * ``_Py_GetConfig()``: :c:func:`PyConfig_Get` and :c:func:`PyConfig_GetInt`
+  * ``_Py_HashBytes()``: :c:func:`Py_HashBuffer`
+  * ``_Py_fopen_obj()``: :c:func:`Py_fopen`
+  * ``PyMutex_IsLocked()`` : :c:func:`PyMutex_IsLocked`
+
+  The `pythoncapi-compat project`_ can be used to get most of these new
+  functions on Python 3.13 and older.
+
+.. _pythoncapi-compat project: https://github.com/python/pythoncapi-compat/

Doc/whatsnew/3.15.rst

@@ -358,6 +358,15 @@ math
   (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`135853`.)
 
 
+mmap
+----
+
+* :class:`mmap.mmap` now has a *trackfd* parameter on Windows;
+  if it is ``False``, the file handle corresponding to *fileno* will
+  not be duplicated.
+  (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`78502`.)
+
+
 os.path
 -------