`test_compileall` failed in 2038 on 3.12 and 3.13

[bmwiedemann]

Bug report

Bug description:

While working on reproducible builds for openSUSE (sponsored by the NLnet NGI0 fund), I found that
our python312 package fails to build when the build runs in a VM with
qemu-kvm -rtc base=2038-01-20T00:00:00

# Add a code block here, if required
 ======================================================================
 FAIL: test_import (test.test_compileall.HardlinkDedupTestsNoSourceEpoch.test_import)
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "/home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/Python-3.12.6/Lib/test/test_py_compile.py", line 22, in wrapper 
     return fxn(*args, **kwargs)
            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   File "/home/abuild/rpmbuild/BUILD/Python-3.12.6/Lib/test/test_compileall.py", line 1114, in test_import
     self.assertFalse(is_hardlink(pycs[1], pycs[2]))
 AssertionError: True is not false

3.13 seems to not be affected by the issue in test_compileall.

The full log is at https://rb.zq1.de/other/python312-ftbfs2038.log.txt
(there are also some expiring SSL certs)

CPython versions tested on:

3.12

Operating systems tested on:

Linux

[bmwiedemann]

For python 3.13, I found 2037-10-28 as the date when tests start to fail (test.test_asyncio.test_events test_imaplib test_poplib test_ssl)

[picnixz]

For 2038, isn't it related to Unix max timestamp value? (which is January 19, 2038, at 03:14:07). As for 2037-10-28, could it be because we use some offset in the tests (like a fake delta time)?

[bmwiedemann]

There are various test certs set to expire in 2037, e.g.:

openssl x509 -text < Python-3.13.0rc2/Lib/test/certdata/pycacert.pem | grep After
            Not After : Oct 28 14:23:16 2037 GMT

The previous compileall 2038 bug from 2018 was https://bugs.python.org/issue34990