diff --git a/Lib/_py_abc.py b/Lib/_py_abc.py
index c870ae9048b4f1..291d4bfa756f8d 100644
--- a/Lib/_py_abc.py
+++ b/Lib/_py_abc.py
@@ -32,8 +32,7 @@ class ABCMeta(type):
     #       external code.
     _abc_invalidation_counter = 0
 
-    def __new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace, /, **kwargs):
-        cls = super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace, **kwargs)
+    def __init__(cls, name, bases, namespace, /, **kwargs):
         # Compute set of abstract method names
         abstracts = {name
                      for name, value in namespace.items()
@@ -49,7 +48,6 @@ def __new__(mcls, name, bases, namespace, /, **kwargs):
         cls._abc_cache = WeakSet()
         cls._abc_negative_cache = WeakSet()
         cls._abc_negative_cache_version = ABCMeta._abc_invalidation_counter
-        return cls
 
     def register(cls, subclass):
         """Register a virtual subclass of an ABC.
@@ -91,6 +89,8 @@ def _abc_caches_clear(cls):
 
     def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
         """Override for isinstance(instance, cls)."""
+        if '_abc_cache' not in cls.__dict__:
+            cls.__class__.__init__(cls, cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, cls.__dict__)
         # Inline the cache checking
         subclass = instance.__class__
         if subclass in cls._abc_cache:
@@ -107,6 +107,8 @@ def __instancecheck__(cls, instance):
 
     def __subclasscheck__(cls, subclass):
         """Override for issubclass(subclass, cls)."""
+        if '_abc_cache' not in cls.__dict__:
+            cls.__class__.__init__(cls, cls.__name__, cls.__bases__, cls.__dict__)
         if not isinstance(subclass, type):
             raise TypeError('issubclass() arg 1 must be a class')
         # Check cache
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_abc.py b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
index 5ce57cc209ea85..439cbb56339962 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_abc.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_abc.py
@@ -682,6 +682,62 @@ class B(A, metaclass=abc_ABCMeta, name="test"):
                 pass
             self.assertEqual(saved_kwargs, dict(name="test"))
 
+
+        def test_subclasscheck_in_init_subclass1(self):
+            # test for gh-82266
+            class A(metaclass=abc_ABCMeta):
+                pass
+
+            class B(metaclass=abc_ABCMeta):
+                def __init_subclass__(cls):
+                    assert not issubclass(cls, A)
+
+            class C(A):
+                pass
+
+            try:
+                class AB(A, B):
+                    pass
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+
+            self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, A))
+            self.assertFalse(issubclass(C, B))
+
+        def test_subclasscheck_in_init_subclass2(self):
+            # test for gh-116093
+            class A(metaclass=abc_ABCMeta):
+                pass
+
+            class B(metaclass=abc_ABCMeta):
+                def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+                    super().__init_subclass__()
+                    issubclass(A, A)
+                    issubclass(A, B)
+
+            class AB(A, B):
+                pass
+
+            self.assertFalse(issubclass(A, B))
+
+        def test_subclasscheck_in_init_subclass3(self):
+            # test for gh-119699
+            class A(metaclass=abc_ABCMeta):
+                pass
+
+            class B(A):
+                def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+                    super().__init_subclass__()
+                    issubclass(B, C)
+
+            class C(A):
+                pass
+
+            class BC(B, C):
+                pass
+
+            self.assertTrue(issubclass(B, B))
+
     return TestLegacyAPI, TestABC, TestABCWithInitSubclass
 
 TestLegacyAPI_Py, TestABC_Py, TestABCWithInitSubclass_Py = test_factory(abc.ABCMeta,
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-05-29-10-32-59.gh-issue-116093.Gcb6Md.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-05-29-10-32-59.gh-issue-116093.Gcb6Md.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..73da45a5984b6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-05-29-10-32-59.gh-issue-116093.Gcb6Md.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Fixed an issue with :meth:`~class.__subclasscheck__` where it can be called within :meth:`~object.__init_subclass__` before the subclass is initialized with the necessary ABC cache.
+Patch by Ben Hsing
diff --git a/Modules/_abc.c b/Modules/_abc.c
index 4f4b24b035db4a..fc00de68001d55 100644
--- a/Modules/_abc.c
+++ b/Modules/_abc.c
@@ -621,6 +621,11 @@ _abc__abc_instancecheck_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *self,
     if (impl == NULL) {
         return NULL;
     }
+    PyObject *dict = _PyType_GetDict((PyTypeObject *)self);
+    if (!PyDict_Contains(dict, &_Py_ID(_abc_impl))) {
+        _abc__abc_init(module, self);
+        impl = _get_impl(module, self);
+    }
 
     subclass = PyObject_GetAttr(instance, &_Py_ID(__class__));
     if (subclass == NULL) {
@@ -715,6 +720,11 @@ _abc__abc_subclasscheck_impl(PyObject *module, PyObject *self,
     if (impl == NULL) {
         return NULL;
     }
+    PyObject *dict = _PyType_GetDict((PyTypeObject *)self);
+    if (!PyDict_Contains(dict, &_Py_ID(_abc_impl))) {
+        _abc__abc_init(module, self);
+        impl = _get_impl(module, self);
+    }
 
     /* 1. Check cache. */
     incache = _in_weak_set(impl, &impl->_abc_cache, subclass);