diff --git a/Lib/test/support/os_helper.py b/Lib/test/support/os_helper.py
index d82093e375c8b1..5e2d673b544f1f 100644
--- a/Lib/test/support/os_helper.py
+++ b/Lib/test/support/os_helper.py
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 import stat
 import string
 import sys
+import threading
 import time
 import unittest
 import warnings
@@ -736,64 +737,73 @@ def temp_umask(umask):
 
 
 class EnvironmentVarGuard(collections.abc.MutableMapping):
-    """Class to help protect the environment variable properly.
-
+    """Thread-safe class to help protect environment variables.
     Can be used as a context manager.
     """
 
     def __init__(self):
         self._environ = os.environ
         self._changed = {}
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
 
     def __getitem__(self, envvar):
-        return self._environ[envvar]
+        with self._lock:
+            return self._environ[envvar]
 
     def __setitem__(self, envvar, value):
-        # Remember the initial value on the first access
-        if envvar not in self._changed:
-            self._changed[envvar] = self._environ.get(envvar)
-        self._environ[envvar] = value
+        with self._lock:
+            # Remember the initial value on the first access
+            if envvar not in self._changed:
+                self._changed[envvar] = self._environ.get(envvar)
+            self._environ[envvar] = value
 
     def __delitem__(self, envvar):
-        # Remember the initial value on the first access
-        if envvar not in self._changed:
-            self._changed[envvar] = self._environ.get(envvar)
-        if envvar in self._environ:
-            del self._environ[envvar]
+        with self._lock:
+            # Remember the initial value on the first access
+            if envvar not in self._changed:
+                self._changed[envvar] = self._environ.get(envvar)
+            self._environ.pop(envvar, None)
 
     def keys(self):
-        return self._environ.keys()
+        with self._lock:
+            return list(self._environ.keys())
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        return iter(self._environ)
+        with self._lock:
+            return iter(dict(self._environ))
 
     def __len__(self):
-        return len(self._environ)
+        with self._lock:
+            return len(self._environ)
 
     def set(self, envvar, value):
         self[envvar] = value
 
     def unset(self, envvar, /, *envvars):
         """Unset one or more environment variables."""
-        for ev in (envvar, *envvars):
-            del self[ev]
+        with self._lock:
+            for ev in (envvar, *envvars):
+                del self[ev]
 
     def copy(self):
-        # We do what os.environ.copy() does.
-        return dict(self)
+        with self._lock:
+            return dict(self._environ)
 
     def __enter__(self):
         return self
 
     def __exit__(self, *ignore_exc):
-        for (k, v) in self._changed.items():
-            if v is None:
-                if k in self._environ:
-                    del self._environ[k]
-            else:
-                self._environ[k] = v
-        os.environ = self._environ
+        with self._lock:
+            for (k, v) in self._changed.items():
+                if v is None:
+                    self._environ.pop(k, None)
+                else:
+                    self._environ[k] = v
+            self._changed.clear()
+            os.environ = self._environ
 
+    def __reduce__(self):
+        return (dict, (dict(self),))
 
 try:
     if support.MS_WINDOWS:
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_support.py b/Lib/test/test_support.py
index efe6b77a7faa18..5c8214b3e4a9c8 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_support.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_support.py
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@
 import sysconfig
 import tempfile
 import textwrap
+import threading
+import time
 import unittest
 import warnings
 
@@ -22,6 +24,7 @@
 from test.support import script_helper
 from test.support import socket_helper
 from test.support import warnings_helper
+from test.support.os_helper import EnvironmentVarGuard
 
 TESTFN = os_helper.TESTFN
 
@@ -794,6 +797,27 @@ def test_linked_to_musl(self):
             for v in linked:
                 self.assertIsInstance(v, int)
 
+    def test_threadsafe_environmentvarguard(self):
+        def worker1(guard):
+            for i in range(1000):
+                guard['MY_VAR'] = 'value1'
+                time.sleep(0.0001)  # Small delay to increase chance of thread switching
+
+        def worker2(guard):
+            for i in range(1000):
+                guard['MY_VAR'] = 'value2'
+                time.sleep(0.0001)
+
+        with EnvironmentVarGuard() as guard:
+            t1 = threading.Thread(target=worker1, args=(guard,))
+            t2 = threading.Thread(target=worker2, args=(guard,))
+            t1.start()
+            t2.start()
+            t1.join()
+            t2.join()
+            final_value = os.getenv('MY_VAR')
+            self.assertIn(final_value, ("value1", "value2"))
+
 
     # XXX -follows a list of untested API
     # make_legacy_pyc
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2025-04-07-19-30-16.gh-issue-132113.GIgcmV.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2025-04-07-19-30-16.gh-issue-132113.GIgcmV.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..5ae72558841932
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Tests/2025-04-07-19-30-16.gh-issue-132113.GIgcmV.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Make :class:`EnvironmentVarGuard <test.support.os_helper.EnvironmentVarGuard>` thread safe