[Executorch][Recipes][Coreml] Add coreml backend recipes (#13121)

Author: abhinaykukkadapu

backends/apple/coreml/TARGETS

@@ -60,6 +60,26 @@ runtime.python_library(
     ],
 )
 
+runtime.python_library(
+    name = "recipes",
+    srcs = glob([
+        "recipes/*.py",
+    ]),
+    visibility = [
+        "@EXECUTORCH_CLIENTS",
+    ],
+    deps = [
+        "fbsource//third-party/pypi/coremltools:coremltools",
+        ":backend",
+        "//caffe2:torch",
+        "//executorch/exir:lib",
+        "//executorch/exir/backend:compile_spec_schema",
+        "//executorch/exir/backend:partitioner",
+        "//executorch/exir/backend:utils",
+        "//executorch/export:lib",
+    ],
+)
+
 runtime.cxx_python_extension(
     name = "executorchcoreml",
     srcs = [
@@ -103,6 +123,7 @@ runtime.python_test(
         "fbsource//third-party/pypi/pytest:pytest",
         ":partitioner",
         ":quantizer",
+        ":recipes",
         "//caffe2:torch",
         "//pytorch/vision:torchvision",
     ],

backends/apple/coreml/recipes/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Copyright © 2025 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Please refer to the license found in the LICENSE file in the root directory of the source tree.
+
+
+from executorch.export import recipe_registry
+
+from .coreml_recipe_provider import CoreMLRecipeProvider
+from .coreml_recipe_types import CoreMLRecipeType
+
+# Auto-register CoreML backend recipe provider
+recipe_registry.register_backend_recipe_provider(CoreMLRecipeProvider())
+
+__all__ = [
+    "CoreMLRecipeProvider",
+    "CoreMLRecipeType",
+]

backends/apple/coreml/recipes/coreml_recipe_provider.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Copyright © 2025 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Please refer to the license found in the LICENSE file in the root directory of the source tree.
+
+
+from typing import Any, Optional, Sequence
+
+import coremltools as ct
+
+from executorch.backends.apple.coreml.compiler import CoreMLBackend
+from executorch.backends.apple.coreml.partition.coreml_partitioner import (
+    CoreMLPartitioner,
+)
+from executorch.backends.apple.coreml.recipes.coreml_recipe_types import (
+    COREML_BACKEND,
+    CoreMLRecipeType,
+)
+
+from executorch.exir import EdgeCompileConfig
+from executorch.export import (
+    BackendRecipeProvider,
+    ExportRecipe,
+    LoweringRecipe,
+    RecipeType,
+)
+
+
+class CoreMLRecipeProvider(BackendRecipeProvider):
+    @property
+    def backend_name(self) -> str:
+        return COREML_BACKEND
+
+    def get_supported_recipes(self) -> Sequence[RecipeType]:
+        return list(CoreMLRecipeType)
+
+    def create_recipe(
+        self, recipe_type: RecipeType, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Optional[ExportRecipe]:
+        """Create CoreML recipe with precision and compute unit combinations"""
+
+        if recipe_type not in self.get_supported_recipes():
+            return None
+
+        if ct is None:
+            raise ImportError(
+                "coremltools is required for CoreML recipes. "
+                "Install it with: pip install coremltools"
+            )
+
+        # Validate kwargs
+        self._validate_recipe_kwargs(recipe_type, **kwargs)
+
+        # Parse recipe type to get precision and compute unit
+        precision = None
+        if recipe_type == CoreMLRecipeType.FP32:
+            precision = ct.precision.FLOAT32
+        elif recipe_type == CoreMLRecipeType.FP16:
+            precision = ct.precision.FLOAT16
+
+        if precision is None:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unknown precision for recipe: {recipe_type.value}")
+
+        return self._build_recipe(recipe_type, precision, **kwargs)
+
+    def _validate_recipe_kwargs(self, recipe_type: RecipeType, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        if not kwargs:
+            return
+        expected_keys = {"minimum_deployment_target", "compute_unit"}
+        unexpected = set(kwargs.keys()) - expected_keys
+        if unexpected:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"CoreML Recipes only accept 'minimum_deployment_target' or 'compute_unit' as parameter. "
+                f"Unexpected parameters: {list(unexpected)}"
+            )
+        if "minimum_deployment_target" in kwargs:
+            minimum_deployment_target = kwargs["minimum_deployment_target"]
+            if not isinstance(minimum_deployment_target, ct.target):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Parameter 'minimum_deployment_target' must be an enum of type ct.target, got {type(minimum_deployment_target)}"
+                )
+        if "compute_unit" in kwargs:
+            compute_unit = kwargs["compute_unit"]
+            if not isinstance(compute_unit, ct.ComputeUnit):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Parameter 'compute_unit' must be an enum of type ct.ComputeUnit, got {type(compute_unit)}"
+                )
+
+    def _build_recipe(
+        self,
+        recipe_type: RecipeType,
+        precision: ct.precision,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> ExportRecipe:
+        lowering_recipe = self._get_coreml_lowering_recipe(
+            compute_precision=precision,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+        return ExportRecipe(
+            name=recipe_type.value,
+            quantization_recipe=None,  # TODO - add quantization recipe
+            lowering_recipe=lowering_recipe,
+        )
+
+    def _get_coreml_lowering_recipe(
+        self,
+        compute_precision: ct.precision,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> LoweringRecipe:
+        compile_specs = CoreMLBackend.generate_compile_specs(
+            compute_precision=compute_precision,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+        minimum_deployment_target = kwargs.get("minimum_deployment_target", None)
+        take_over_mutable_buffer = True
+        if minimum_deployment_target and minimum_deployment_target < ct.target.iOS18:
+            take_over_mutable_buffer = False
+
+        partitioner = CoreMLPartitioner(
+            compile_specs=compile_specs,
+            take_over_mutable_buffer=take_over_mutable_buffer,
+        )
+
+        edge_compile_config = EdgeCompileConfig(
+            _check_ir_validity=False,
+            _skip_dim_order=False,
+        )
+
+        return LoweringRecipe(
+            partitioners=[partitioner], edge_compile_config=edge_compile_config
+        )

backends/apple/coreml/recipes/coreml_recipe_types.py

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Copyright © 2025 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Please refer to the license found in the LICENSE file in the root directory of the source tree.
+
+
+from executorch.export import RecipeType
+
+
+COREML_BACKEND: str = "coreml"
+
+
+class CoreMLRecipeType(RecipeType):
+    """CoreML-specific generic recipe types"""
+
+    # FP32 generic recipe, defaults to values published by the CoreML backend and partitioner
+    # Precision = FP32, Default compute_unit = All (can be overriden by kwargs)
+    FP32 = "coreml_fp32"
+
+    # FP16 generic recipe, defaults to values published by the CoreML backend and partitioner
+    # Precision = FP32, Default compute_unit = All (can be overriden by kwargs)
+    FP16 = "coreml_fp16"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get_backend_name(cls) -> str:
+        return COREML_BACKEND