From 42e1904d66c049c328a1b8e4c097420cab33a773 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ShadowLemoon <119576779+ShadowLemoon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2026 22:32:49 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/5] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20vdd=E5=90=AF=E7=94=A8=E6=97=B6?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E6=B7=BB=E5=8A=A0vdd=E4=B8=93=E7=94=A8=E7=9A=84=E5=B1=8F?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=B9=95=E5=B8=83=E5=B1=80=E9=80=89=E9=A1=B9?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src/config.cpp                                |  2 +
 src/config.h                                  |  1 +
 src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp          | 14 +++
 src/display_device/parsed_config.h            | 28 ++++++
 src/display_device/session.cpp                | 11 ++-
 src/display_device/vdd_utils.cpp              | 86 +++++++++++++++++++
 src/display_device/vdd_utils.h                | 11 +++
 .../tabs/audiovideo/DisplayDeviceOptions.vue  | 27 +++++-
 .../assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json   |  6 ++
 .../assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json   |  6 ++
 10 files changed, 188 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/config.cpp b/src/config.cpp
index 4c54a736c40..cf7958da5b2 100644
--- a/src/config.cpp
+++ b/src/config.cpp
@@ -437,6 +437,7 @@ namespace config {
     {},  // capture_target (default: empty, will be set to "display" in apply_config)
     {},  // window_title
     (int) display_device::parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation,  // display_device_prep
+    (int) display_device::parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation,  // vdd_prep
     (int) display_device::parsed_config_t::resolution_change_e::automatic,  // resolution_change
     {},  // manual_resolution
     (int) display_device::parsed_config_t::refresh_rate_change_e::automatic,  // refresh_rate_change
@@ -1191,6 +1192,7 @@ namespace config {
     }
 #endif
     int_f(vars, "display_device_prep", video.display_device_prep, display_device::parsed_config_t::device_prep_from_view);
+    int_f(vars, "vdd_prep", video.vdd_prep, display_device::parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_from_view);
     int_f(vars, "resolution_change", video.resolution_change, display_device::parsed_config_t::resolution_change_from_view);
     string_f(vars, "manual_resolution", video.manual_resolution);
     list_display_mode_remapping_f(vars, "display_mode_remapping", video.display_mode_remapping);
diff --git a/src/config.h b/src/config.h
index 6c65a3486b3..de229180abd 100644
--- a/src/config.h
+++ b/src/config.h
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ namespace config {
     std::string capture_target;  // "display" or "window" - determines whether to capture display or window
     std::string window_title;     // Window title to capture when capture_target="window"
     int display_device_prep;
+    int vdd_prep;  // How to handle physical displays when using VDD (Virtual Display Device)
     int resolution_change;
     std::string manual_resolution;
     int refresh_rate_change;
diff --git a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
index 3bdf73ffdbb..4d2b7b8b327 100644
--- a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
@@ -537,6 +537,19 @@ namespace display_device {
     return static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::hdr_prep_e::no_operation);
   }
 
+  int
+  parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_from_view(std::string_view value) {
+    using namespace std::string_view_literals;
+#define _CONVERT_(x) \
+  if (value == #x##sv) return static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::x);
+    _CONVERT_(no_operation);
+    _CONVERT_(vdd_as_primary);
+    _CONVERT_(vdd_as_secondary);
+    _CONVERT_(display_off);
+#undef _CONVERT_
+    return static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation);
+  }
+
   boost::optional<parsed_config_t>
   make_parsed_config(const config::video_t &config, const rtsp_stream::launch_session_t &session, bool is_reconfigure) {
     parsed_config_t parsed_config;
@@ -553,6 +566,7 @@ namespace display_device {
     
     parsed_config.device_id = device_id_to_use;
     parsed_config.device_prep = static_cast<parsed_config_t::device_prep_e>(config.display_device_prep);
+    parsed_config.vdd_prep = static_cast<parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e>(config.vdd_prep);
     parsed_config.change_hdr_state = parse_hdr_option(config, session);
 
     const int custom_screen_mode = session.custom_screen_mode;
diff --git a/src/display_device/parsed_config.h b/src/display_device/parsed_config.h
index d22e5b93170..866be4e8a4b 100644
--- a/src/display_device/parsed_config.h
+++ b/src/display_device/parsed_config.h
@@ -114,8 +114,36 @@ namespace display_device {
     static int
     hdr_prep_from_view(std::string_view value);
 
+    /**
+     * @brief Enum detailing how to prepare physical displays when using VDD (Virtual Display Device).
+     * @note In VDD mode, topology changes are handled by Windows automatically when displays are added/removed,
+     *       so we don't save/restore topology state - just modify it as requested.
+     */
+    enum class vdd_prep_e : int {
+      no_operation, /**< Do nothing to physical displays. */
+      vdd_as_primary, /**< VDD as primary display, physical displays as secondary (extend mode). */
+      vdd_as_secondary, /**< Physical displays as primary, VDD as secondary (extend mode). */
+      display_off /**< Turn off physical displays, only VDD remains active. */
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * @brief Convert the string to the matching value of vdd_prep_e.
+     * @param value String value to map to vdd_prep_e.
+     * @returns A vdd_prep_e value (converted to int) that matches the string
+     *          or the default value if string does not match anything.
+     * @see vdd_prep_e
+     *
+     * EXAMPLES:
+     * ```cpp
+     * const int vdd_prep = vdd_prep_from_view("display_off");
+     * ```
+     */
+    static int
+    vdd_prep_from_view(std::string_view value);
+
     std::string device_id; /**< Device id manually provided by the user via config. */
     device_prep_e device_prep; /**< The device_prep_e value taken from config. */
+    vdd_prep_e vdd_prep; /**< The vdd_prep_e value taken from config (only used in VDD mode). */
     boost::optional<resolution_t> resolution; /**< Parsed resolution value we need to switch to. Empty optional if no action is required. */
     boost::optional<refresh_rate_t> refresh_rate; /**< Parsed refresh rate value we need to switch to. Empty optional if no action is required. */
     boost::optional<bool> change_hdr_state; /**< Parsed HDR state value we need to switch to (true == ON, false == OFF). Empty optional if no action is required. */
diff --git a/src/display_device/session.cpp b/src/display_device/session.cpp
index 3e6ae8aadfd..ce76b198e49 100644
--- a/src/display_device/session.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/session.cpp
@@ -511,12 +511,21 @@ namespace display_device {
     current_vdd_client_id = current_client_id;
     BOOST_LOG(info) << "成功配置VDD设备: " << device_zako;
 
-    // Ensure VDD is in extended mode
+    // Ensure VDD is in extended mode first
     if (vdd_utils::ensure_vdd_extended_mode(device_zako)) {
       BOOST_LOG(info) << "已将VDD切换到扩展模式";
       std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
     }
 
+    // Apply VDD prep settings to handle physical displays
+    // This modifies topology without saving/restoring state
+    if (vdd_utils::apply_vdd_prep(device_zako, config.vdd_prep)) {
+      if (config.vdd_prep != parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation) {
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "已应用VDD物理显示器处理设置";
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
+      }
+    }
+
     // Set HDR state with retry
     if (!vdd_utils::set_hdr_state(false)) {
       BOOST_LOG(debug) << "首次设置HDR状态失败，等待设备稳定后重试";
diff --git a/src/display_device/vdd_utils.cpp b/src/display_device/vdd_utils.cpp
index 377bc8b5172..67baef49657 100644
--- a/src/display_device/vdd_utils.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/vdd_utils.cpp
@@ -607,5 +607,91 @@ namespace display_device {
       BOOST_LOG(warning) << action << "虚拟显示器HDR失败";
       return false;
     }
+
+    bool
+    apply_vdd_prep(const std::string &vdd_device_id, parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e vdd_prep) {
+      if (vdd_device_id.empty()) {
+        BOOST_LOG(debug) << "VDD设备ID为空，跳过vdd_prep处理";
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      if (vdd_prep == parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation) {
+        BOOST_LOG(debug) << "vdd_prep设置为无操作，跳过物理显示器处理";
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      auto current_topology = get_current_topology();
+      if (current_topology.empty()) {
+        BOOST_LOG(warning) << "无法获取当前显示器拓扑";
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      // 找出所有物理显示器（非VDD设备）
+      std::vector<std::string> physical_devices;
+      for (const auto &group : current_topology) {
+        for (const auto &id : group) {
+          if (id != vdd_device_id) {
+            physical_devices.push_back(id);
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (physical_devices.empty()) {
+        BOOST_LOG(debug) << "没有物理显示器需要处理";
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      active_topology_t new_topology;
+
+      switch (vdd_prep) {
+        case parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_primary: {
+          // VDD为主屏模式：VDD放在第一位（主屏），物理显示器作为扩展显示器
+          BOOST_LOG(info) << "应用vdd_prep: VDD为主屏，物理显示器为副屏";
+          // VDD单独一组（放在第一位作为主显示器）
+          new_topology.push_back({ vdd_device_id });
+          // 每个物理显示器单独一组（扩展模式）
+          for (const auto &physical_id : physical_devices) {
+            new_topology.push_back({ physical_id });
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_secondary: {
+          // VDD为副屏模式：物理显示器为主屏，VDD作为扩展显示器
+          BOOST_LOG(info) << "应用vdd_prep: 物理显示器为主屏，VDD为副屏";
+          // 物理显示器放在前面（第一个为主显示器）
+          for (const auto &physical_id : physical_devices) {
+            new_topology.push_back({ physical_id });
+          }
+          // VDD单独一组（作为副显示器）
+          new_topology.push_back({ vdd_device_id });
+          break;
+        }
+
+        case parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::display_off: {
+          // 熄屏模式：只保留VDD，关闭所有物理显示器
+          BOOST_LOG(info) << "应用vdd_prep: 关闭物理显示器";
+          new_topology.push_back({ vdd_device_id });
+          // 不添加物理显示器，它们将被禁用
+          break;
+        }
+
+        default:
+          return true;
+      }
+
+      if (!is_topology_valid(new_topology)) {
+        BOOST_LOG(error) << "新拓扑无效";
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      if (!set_topology(new_topology)) {
+        BOOST_LOG(error) << "设置拓扑失败";
+        return false;
+      }
+
+      BOOST_LOG(info) << "成功应用vdd_prep设置";
+      return true;
+    }
   }  // namespace vdd_utils
 }  // namespace display_device
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/display_device/vdd_utils.h b/src/display_device/vdd_utils.h
index 72f8384b8f5..26a46706b5d 100644
--- a/src/display_device/vdd_utils.h
+++ b/src/display_device/vdd_utils.h
@@ -123,6 +123,17 @@ namespace display_device::vdd_utils {
   bool
   ensure_vdd_extended_mode(const std::string &device_id, const std::unordered_set<std::string> &physical_devices_to_preserve = {});
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Apply VDD prep settings to handle physical displays.
+   * @param vdd_device_id The VDD device ID.
+   * @param vdd_prep The vdd_prep_e value specifying how to handle physical displays.
+   * @returns True if the operation succeeded.
+   * @note This operation modifies topology without saving/restoring state,
+   *       as Windows automatically handles topology memory when displays change.
+   */
+  bool
+  apply_vdd_prep(const std::string &vdd_device_id, parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e vdd_prep);
+
   VddSettings
   prepare_vdd_settings(const parsed_config_t &config);
 
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/DisplayDeviceOptions.vue b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/DisplayDeviceOptions.vue
index 72858232d28..a3af3194f13 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/DisplayDeviceOptions.vue
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/DisplayDeviceOptions.vue
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <script setup>
-import { ref } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
 import { $tp } from '../../../platform-i18n'
 import PlatformLayout from '../../../components/layout/PlatformLayout.vue'
 
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@ const props = defineProps({
 const config = ref(props.config)
 const display_mode_remapping = ref(props.display_mode_remapping || [])
 
+// Check if VDD mode is enabled (output_name is 'ZakoHDR')
+const isVddMode = computed(() => {
+  return config.value.output_name === 'ZakoHDR'
+})
+
 // TODO: Sample for use in PR #2032
 function getRemappingType() {
   // Assuming here that at least one setting is set to "automatic"
@@ -67,8 +72,8 @@ function addRemapping(type) {
                 </div>
               </div>
 
-              <!-- Device display preparation -->
-              <div class="mb-3">
+              <!-- Device display preparation (hidden in VDD mode) -->
+              <div class="mb-3" v-if="!isVddMode">
                 <label for="display_device_prep" class="form-label">
                   {{ $tp('config.display_device_prep') }}
                 </label>
@@ -82,6 +87,22 @@ function addRemapping(type) {
                 </select>
               </div>
 
+              <!-- VDD mode: Physical display preparation (only shown in VDD mode) -->
+              <div class="mb-3" v-if="isVddMode">
+                <label for="vdd_prep" class="form-label">
+                  {{ $tp('config.vdd_prep') }}
+                </label>
+                <select id="vdd_prep" class="form-select" v-model="config.vdd_prep">
+                  <option value="no_operation">{{ $tp('config.vdd_prep_no_operation') }}</option>
+                  <option value="vdd_as_primary">{{ $tp('config.vdd_prep_vdd_as_primary') }}</option>
+                  <option value="vdd_as_secondary">{{ $tp('config.vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary') }}</option>
+                  <option value="display_off">{{ $tp('config.vdd_prep_display_off') }}</option>
+                </select>
+                <div class="form-text">
+                  <p style="white-space: pre-line">{{ $tp('config.vdd_prep_desc') }}</p>
+                </div>
+              </div>
+
               <!-- Resolution change -->
               <div class="mb-3">
                 <label for="resolution_change" class="form-label">
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
index 330709763e0..55f0ecba68f 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
@@ -246,6 +246,12 @@
     "display_mode_remapping_resolution_only_mode_desc_windows": "Note: if \"Optimize game settings\" option is not enabled on the Moonlight client, the remapping is disabled.",
     "display_mode_remapping_windows": "Remap display modes",
     "display_modes": "Display Modes",
+    "vdd_prep_windows": "Display Configuration",
+    "vdd_prep_no_operation_windows": "Keep Current Layout",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_primary_windows": "VDD Primary + Physical Extended",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary_windows": "Physical Primary + VDD Extended",
+    "vdd_prep_display_off_windows": "VDD Only (Disable Physical)",
+    "vdd_prep_desc_windows": "Choose how VDD and physical displays work together during streaming.\nThese changes are automatically managed by Windows and don't need manual restoration.",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click": "Map Back/Select to Touchpad Click",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click_desc": "When forcing DS4 emulation, map Back/Select to Touchpad Click",
     "dsu_server_port": "DSU Server Port",
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
index ef3824de041..6b376b01d06 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
@@ -246,6 +246,12 @@
     "display_mode_remapping_resolution_only_mode_desc_windows": "注意：如果在Moonlight客户端上未启用\"优化游戏设置\"选项，则重新映射功能将被禁用。",
     "display_mode_remapping_windows": "重新映射显示模式",
     "display_modes": "显示模式",
+    "vdd_prep_windows": "屏幕布局",
+    "vdd_prep_no_operation_windows": "保持当前布局",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_primary_windows": "虚拟主屏 + 物理扩展",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary_windows": "物理主屏 + 虚拟扩展",
+    "vdd_prep_display_off_windows": "仅虚拟显示器（禁用物理屏）",
+    "vdd_prep_desc_windows": "选择串流时虚拟显示器与物理显示器的配合方式。\n这些更改由Windows自动管理，无需手动还原。",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click": "映射回/选择触摸板点击",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click_desc": "强制使用 DS4 模拟时，将“返回”/“选择”映射到触摸板点击",
     "dsu_server_port": "DSU服务器端口",

From 883b4d1d879885679ac8e82d99b7f68f145e90ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ShadowLemoon <119576779+ShadowLemoon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2026 23:40:11 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 2/5] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=E6=A0=B9=E6=8D=AE=E6=A8=A1?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BC=8F=E5=90=AF=E7=94=A8=E4=B8=8D=E5=90=8C=E7=9A=84=E6=8B=93?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E6=89=91=E6=9B=B4=E6=94=B9=E9=80=BB=E8=BE=91?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp          |  7 +++
 src/display_device/session.cpp                | 22 ++++---
 .../windows/display_device/settings.cpp       | 63 +++++++++++--------
 .../display_device/settings_topology.cpp      | 35 +++++++++++
 .../display_device/settings_topology.h        | 17 +++++
 5 files changed, 107 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
index 4d2b7b8b327..cf6e6fc73dd 100644
--- a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
@@ -613,9 +613,16 @@ namespace display_device {
     // 不需要VDD时直接返回
     if (!needs_vdd) {
       BOOST_LOG(debug) << "输出设备已存在，跳过VDD准备"sv;
+      parsed_config.use_vdd = false;
       return parsed_config;
     }
 
+    // 标记为VDD模式
+    // VDD模式下，vdd_prep 控制屏幕布局，apply_config 会根据 use_vdd 分别处理
+    // device_prep 保留原值但不会被使用（由 handle_topology_for_vdd_mode 处理）
+    parsed_config.use_vdd = true;
+    BOOST_LOG(debug) << "VDD模式：使用 vdd_prep 控制屏幕布局"sv;
+
     // 不是SYSTEM权限且处于RDP中，强制使用RDP虚拟显示器，不创建VDD
     if (!is_running_as_system_user && display_device::w_utils::is_any_rdp_session_active()) {
       BOOST_LOG(info) << "[Display] RDP环境：强制使用RDP虚拟显示器，跳过VDD准备"sv;
diff --git a/src/display_device/session.cpp b/src/display_device/session.cpp
index ce76b198e49..61468126617 100644
--- a/src/display_device/session.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/session.cpp
@@ -511,17 +511,19 @@ namespace display_device {
     current_vdd_client_id = current_client_id;
     BOOST_LOG(info) << "成功配置VDD设备: " << device_zako;
 
-    // Ensure VDD is in extended mode first
-    if (vdd_utils::ensure_vdd_extended_mode(device_zako)) {
-      BOOST_LOG(info) << "已将VDD切换到扩展模式";
-      std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
+    // Apply VDD prep settings to handle display topology
+    // This determines how VDD interacts with physical displays
+    if (config.vdd_prep != parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation) {
+      // User has specified a display configuration, apply it
+      if (vdd_utils::apply_vdd_prep(device_zako, config.vdd_prep)) {
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "已应用VDD屏幕布局设置";
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
+      }
     }
-
-    // Apply VDD prep settings to handle physical displays
-    // This modifies topology without saving/restoring state
-    if (vdd_utils::apply_vdd_prep(device_zako, config.vdd_prep)) {
-      if (config.vdd_prep != parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation) {
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "已应用VDD物理显示器处理设置";
+    else {
+      // No specific configuration, ensure VDD is in extended mode (default behavior)
+      if (vdd_utils::ensure_vdd_extended_mode(device_zako)) {
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "已将VDD切换到扩展模式";
         std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
       }
     }
diff --git a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
index 7fbadb73e01..293a462fafa 100644
--- a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
@@ -749,36 +749,45 @@ namespace display_device {
     const rtsp_stream::launch_session_t &session,
     const boost::optional<active_topology_t> &pre_saved_initial_topology) {
     const auto do_apply_config { [this, &pre_saved_initial_topology](const parsed_config_t &config) -> settings_t::apply_result_t {
-      // no_operation模式：完全不做任何事情
-      if (config.device_prep == parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation) {
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "Display device preparation mode is set to no_operation, skipping all display settings changes";
-        
-        // 注意：这里不要清除persistent_data！
-        // 1. 如果一开始就是no_operation，persistent_data本来就是空的，保持为空即可。
-        // 2. 如果之前是active模式（已有persistent_data），中途切换成no_operation，我们需要保留persistent_data，
-        //    以便在最终结束串流时能恢复到最初的状态。如果清除，会导致无法恢复之前的修改。
-        
-        return { apply_result_t::result_e::success };
-      }
-      
+      // 检测是否为VDD模式
+      const bool is_vdd_mode = config.use_vdd && *config.use_vdd;
+
+      // 根据模式选择不同的拓扑处理方式
+      boost::optional<handled_topology_result_t> topology_result;
       bool failed_while_reverting_settings { false };
-      const boost::optional<topology_pair_t> previously_configured_topology { persistent_data ? boost::make_optional(persistent_data->topology) : boost::none };
-
-      // On Windows the display settings are kept per an active topology list - each topology
-      // has separate configuration saved in the database. Therefore, we must always switch
-      // to the topology we want to modify before we actually start applying settings.
-      const auto topology_result { handle_device_topology_configuration(config, previously_configured_topology, [&]() {
-        const bool audio_sink_was_captured { audio_data != nullptr };
-        if (!revert_settings(revert_reason_e::topology_switch)) {
-          failed_while_reverting_settings = true;
-          return false;
-        }
 
-        if (audio_sink_was_captured && !audio_data) {
-          audio_data = std::make_unique<audio_data_t>();
+      if (is_vdd_mode) {
+        // VDD模式：拓扑由 vdd_prep 控制（在 prepare_vdd 中处理），这里只获取 metadata
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "VDD mode: topology controlled by vdd_prep, only getting current topology metadata";
+        topology_result = get_current_topology_metadata(config.device_id);
+      }
+      else {
+        // 普通模式：device_prep 控制拓扑
+        if (config.device_prep == parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation) {
+          BOOST_LOG(info) << "Display device preparation mode is set to no_operation, topology will not be changed";
         }
-        return true;
-      }, pre_saved_initial_topology) };
+
+        const boost::optional<topology_pair_t> previously_configured_topology { 
+          persistent_data ? boost::make_optional(persistent_data->topology) : boost::none 
+        };
+
+        // On Windows the display settings are kept per an active topology list - each topology
+        // has separate configuration saved in the database. Therefore, we must always switch
+        // to the topology we want to modify before we actually start applying settings.
+        topology_result = handle_device_topology_configuration(config, previously_configured_topology, [&]() {
+          const bool audio_sink_was_captured { audio_data != nullptr };
+          if (!revert_settings(revert_reason_e::topology_switch)) {
+            failed_while_reverting_settings = true;
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          if (audio_sink_was_captured && !audio_data) {
+            audio_data = std::make_unique<audio_data_t>();
+          }
+          return true;
+        }, pre_saved_initial_topology);
+      }
+
       if (!topology_result) {
         // Error already logged
         return { failed_while_reverting_settings ? apply_result_t::result_e::revert_fail : apply_result_t::result_e::topology_fail };
diff --git a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.cpp b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.cpp
index cb5fde0ae3e..0383bdbf2fd 100644
--- a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.cpp
@@ -434,4 +434,39 @@ namespace display_device {
     };
   }
 
+  boost::optional<handled_topology_result_t>
+  get_current_topology_metadata(const std::string &device_id) {
+    const std::string requested_device_id { find_one_of_the_available_devices(device_id) };
+    if (requested_device_id.empty()) {
+      BOOST_LOG(error) << "Device not found: " << device_id;
+      return boost::none;
+    }
+
+    const auto current_topology { get_current_topology() };
+    if (!is_topology_valid(current_topology)) {
+      BOOST_LOG(error) << "Display topology is invalid!";
+      return boost::none;
+    }
+
+    if (!is_device_found_in_active_topology(requested_device_id, current_topology)) {
+      BOOST_LOG(error) << "Device " << requested_device_id << " is not active!";
+      return boost::none;
+    }
+
+    const bool primary_device_requested { device_id.empty() };
+    const auto duplicated_devices { get_duplicate_devices(requested_device_id, current_topology) };
+
+    // VDD模式：不修改拓扑，使用当前拓扑作为initial和modified
+    return handled_topology_result_t {
+      topology_pair_t {
+        current_topology,
+        current_topology },
+      topology_metadata_t {
+        current_topology,
+        {},  // 没有新启用的设备
+        primary_device_requested,
+        duplicated_devices }
+    };
+  }
+
 }  // namespace display_device
diff --git a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.h b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.h
index a2402b85968..52065ca4e97 100644
--- a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.h
+++ b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings_topology.h
@@ -108,4 +108,21 @@ namespace display_device {
   std::unordered_set<std::string>
   remove_vdd_from_topology(active_topology_t &topology);
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Get current topology metadata without modifying anything.
+   * @param device_id The device ID to use for metadata.
+   * @return A topology metadata object with current state.
+   *
+   * This is a simplified version of handle_device_topology_configuration
+   * for VDD mode where we don't want to modify topology but still need
+   * the metadata for resolution/refresh rate settings.
+   *
+   * EXAMPLES:
+   * ```cpp
+   * const auto metadata = get_current_topology_metadata("DEVICE_ID");
+   * ```
+   */
+  boost::optional<handled_topology_result_t>
+  get_current_topology_metadata(const std::string &device_id);
+
 }  // namespace display_device

From 9a76241fa69bcfe0c1e7cff9fec82fc48055e18c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ShadowLemoon <119576779+ShadowLemoon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2026 16:34:39 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/5] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20vdd=E5=A4=8D=E7=94=A8=E6=A8=A1?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=BC=8F?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src/config.cpp                                |   2 +
 src/config.h                                  |   2 +
 src/display_device/session.cpp                |  87 ++++++++----
 src/display_device/session.h                  |   2 +
 .../windows/display_device/settings.cpp       |   5 +-
 .../assets/web/components/SetupWizard.vue     | 132 +++++++++++++-----
 .../audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue   |  22 +++
 .../assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json   |  10 ++
 .../assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json   |  18 ++-
 9 files changed, 207 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/config.cpp b/src/config.cpp
index cf7958da5b2..028a2be62fc 100644
--- a/src/config.cpp
+++ b/src/config.cpp
@@ -395,6 +395,7 @@ namespace config {
     true,  // nv_sunshine_high_power_mode
     false,  // vdd_keep_enabled
     false,  // vdd_headless_create_enabled
+    false,  // vdd_reuse (default: recreate VDD for each client)
     {},  // nv_legacy
 
     {
@@ -1204,6 +1205,7 @@ namespace config {
     int_between_f(vars, "minimum_fps_target", video.minimum_fps_target, { 0, 1000 });
     bool_f(vars, "vdd_keep_enabled", video.vdd_keep_enabled);
     bool_f(vars, "vdd_headless_create", video.vdd_headless_create_enabled);
+    bool_f(vars, "vdd_reuse", video.vdd_reuse);
 
     // Downscaling quality: "fast" (bilinear+8pt average), "balanced" (bicubic), "high_quality" (future: lanczos)
     string_f(vars, "downscaling_quality", video.downscaling_quality);
diff --git a/src/config.h b/src/config.h
index de229180abd..312de1d0e8c 100644
--- a/src/config.h
+++ b/src/config.h
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ namespace config {
     bool vdd_keep_enabled;
     /** When true, after stream end if no display is found (headless), create Zako VDD automatically. Default false. */
     bool vdd_headless_create_enabled;
+    /** When true, reuse existing VDD on client switch instead of destroying and recreating. Default true. */
+    bool vdd_reuse;
 
     struct {
       int preset;
diff --git a/src/display_device/session.cpp b/src/display_device/session.cpp
index 61468126617..b87f1485f79 100644
--- a/src/display_device/session.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/session.cpp
@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ namespace display_device {
     current_vdd_client_id.clear();
     last_vdd_setting.clear();
     current_device_prep.reset();
+    current_vdd_prep.reset();
+    current_use_vdd.reset();
     // 恢复原始的 output_name，避免下一个会话使用已销毁的 VDD 设备 ID
     if (!original_output_name.empty()) {
       config::video.output_name = original_output_name;
@@ -240,10 +242,15 @@ namespace display_device {
       constexpr int max_retries = 3;
       const vdd_utils::physical_size_t physical_size = vdd_utils::get_client_physical_size(client_name);
 
+      // 复用模式使用固定标识符，否则使用客户端ID
+      const std::string vdd_identifier = config::video.vdd_reuse
+        ? "shared_vdd"
+        : client_id;
+
       for (int retry = 1; retry <= max_retries; ++retry) {
         BOOST_LOG(info) << "正在执行第" << retry << "次VDD恢复尝试...";
 
-        if (!vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(client_id, hdr_brightness, physical_size)) {
+        if (!vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(vdd_identifier, hdr_brightness, physical_size)) {
           BOOST_LOG(error) << "创建虚拟显示器失败，尝试" << retry << "/" << max_retries;
           if (retry < max_retries) {
             std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1 << retry));
@@ -337,8 +344,10 @@ namespace display_device {
       return;
     }
 
-    // 保存当前会话的device_prep模式（可能包含客户端的override）
+    // 保存当前会话的配置模式（可能包含客户端的override）
     current_device_prep = parsed_config->device_prep;
+    current_vdd_prep = parsed_config->vdd_prep;
+    current_use_vdd = parsed_config->use_vdd;
 
     if (settings.is_changing_settings_going_to_fail()) {
       timer->setup_timer([this, config_copy = *parsed_config, &session, pre_saved_initial_topology]() {
@@ -371,7 +380,11 @@ namespace display_device {
   bool
   session_t::create_vdd_monitor(const std::string &client_name) {
     const vdd_utils::physical_size_t physical_size = vdd_utils::get_client_physical_size(client_name);
-    return vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(client_name, vdd_utils::hdr_brightness_t { 1000.0f, 0.001f, 1000.0f }, physical_size);
+    // 复用模式使用固定标识符，否则使用客户端名称
+    const std::string vdd_identifier = config::video.vdd_reuse
+      ? "shared_vdd"
+      : client_name;
+    return vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(vdd_identifier, vdd_utils::hdr_brightness_t { 1000.0f, 0.001f, 1000.0f }, physical_size);
   }
 
   bool
@@ -425,20 +438,17 @@ namespace display_device {
     if (!device_zako.empty() && !current_vdd_client_id.empty() &&
         !current_client_id.empty() && current_vdd_client_id != current_client_id) {
       
-      // 获取设备准备模式
-      const auto device_prep = current_device_prep.value_or(
-        static_cast<parsed_config_t::device_prep_e>(config::video.display_device_prep)
-      );
-      
-      // 无操作模式：复用VDD，只更新客户端ID
-      if (device_prep == parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation) {
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "无操作模式，客户端切换时复用现有VDD";
+      // 是否复用VDD（由独立配置项控制）
+      const bool reuse_vdd = config::video.vdd_reuse;
+
+      if (reuse_vdd) {
+        // 复用VDD：所有客户端共享同一VDD，只更新客户端ID
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "共享VDD模式，复用现有VDD（客户端: " << current_vdd_client_id << " -> " << current_client_id << "）";
         current_vdd_client_id = current_client_id;
-        // 不销毁VDD，不重建，直接继续使用
       }
       else {
-        // 常驻模式和非常驻模式：销毁并重建VDD
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "客户端切换，重建VDD设备";
+        // 不复用：销毁并重建VDD（每个客户端独立VDD）
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "独立VDD模式，重建VDD设备（客户端: " << current_vdd_client_id << " -> " << current_client_id << "）";
         
         const auto old_vdd_id = device_zako;
         vdd_utils::destroy_vdd_monitor();
@@ -471,7 +481,11 @@ namespace display_device {
     // Create VDD device if not present
     if (device_zako.empty()) {
       BOOST_LOG(info) << "创建虚拟显示器...";
-      vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(current_client_id, hdr_brightness, physical_size);
+      // 复用模式使用固定标识符，否则使用客户端ID生成唯一GUID
+      const std::string vdd_identifier = config::video.vdd_reuse
+        ? "shared_vdd"  // 固定标识符，所有客户端共用同一GUID
+        : current_client_id;  // 为每个客户端生成不同GUID
+      vdd_utils::create_vdd_monitor(vdd_identifier, hdr_brightness, physical_size);
       std::this_thread::sleep_for(500ms);
     }
 
@@ -513,6 +527,7 @@ namespace display_device {
 
     // Apply VDD prep settings to handle display topology
     // This determines how VDD interacts with physical displays
+    // VDD模式下的拓扑控制与普通模式分开处理
     if (config.vdd_prep != parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation) {
       // User has specified a display configuration, apply it
       if (vdd_utils::apply_vdd_prep(device_zako, config.vdd_prep)) {
@@ -553,31 +568,42 @@ namespace display_device {
   session_t::restore_state_impl(revert_reason_e reason) {
     // 统一的VDD清理逻辑（在恢复拓扑之前执行，不需要CCD API，锁屏时也可以执行）
     const auto vdd_id = display_device::find_device_by_friendlyname(ZAKO_NAME);
+
+    // 判断是否为 VDD 模式
+    const bool is_vdd_mode = current_use_vdd.value_or(false);
+
+    // 获取当前有效的配置模式
+    // VDD模式：使用 vdd_prep
+    // 普通模式：使用 device_prep
+    const auto vdd_prep = current_vdd_prep.value_or(
+      static_cast<parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e>(config::video.vdd_prep)
+    );
     const auto device_prep = current_device_prep.value_or(
       static_cast<parsed_config_t::device_prep_e>(config::video.display_device_prep)
     );
     
-    // 判断是否是跳过拓扑恢复的模式
-    const bool is_no_operation = (device_prep == parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation);
+    // 判断是否是无操作模式（拓扑从未被修改过）
+    // VDD模式看 vdd_prep，普通模式看 device_prep
+    const bool is_no_operation = is_vdd_mode 
+      ? (vdd_prep == parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation)
+      : (device_prep == parsed_config_t::device_prep_e::no_operation);
+
+    // 常驻模式：只影响 VDD 是否销毁，不影响拓扑恢复
     const bool is_keep_enabled = config::video.vdd_keep_enabled;
     
     if (!vdd_id.empty()) {
       bool should_destroy = false;
       
-      // 判断1：无操作模式 - 保留VDD
-      if (is_no_operation) {
-        BOOST_LOG(debug) << "无操作模式，保留VDD";
-      }
-      // 判断2：常驻模式 - 保留VDD
-      else if (is_keep_enabled) {
+      // 判断1：常驻模式 - 保留VDD
+      if (is_keep_enabled) {
         BOOST_LOG(debug) << "常驻模式，保留VDD";
       }
-      // 判断3：有persistent_data - 非常驻模式销毁VDD（无论是否在初始拓扑）
+      // 判断2：非常驻模式 - 销毁VDD（无论是否是无操作模式）
       else if (settings.has_persistent_data()) {
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "非常驻/无操作模式，销毁VDD";
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "非常驻模式，销毁VDD";
         should_destroy = true;
       }
-      // 判断4：无persistent_data（异常残留）- 非常驻模式清理
+      // 判断3：无persistent_data（异常残留）- 清理VDD
       else {
         BOOST_LOG(info) << "检测到异常残留的VDD（无persistent_data），清理VDD";
         should_destroy = true;
@@ -589,11 +615,10 @@ namespace display_device {
       }
     }
 
-    // 常驻模式或无操作模式：跳过拓扑恢复，只清理VDD状态
-    if (is_keep_enabled || is_no_operation) {
-      BOOST_LOG(info) << (is_keep_enabled ? "常驻模式" : "无操作模式") << "，跳过拓扑恢复";
-      // 不调用 revert_settings，避免恢复屏幕记忆
-      // 但仍然清理VDD状态（current_vdd_client_id等）
+    // 无操作模式：跳过拓扑恢复（因为拓扑从未被修改过）
+    // 注意：即使是无操作模式，VDD 在非常驻模式下也会被销毁（上面已处理）
+    if (is_no_operation) {
+      BOOST_LOG(info) << "无操作模式，跳过拓扑恢复";
       stop_timer_and_clear_vdd_state();
       return;
     }
diff --git a/src/display_device/session.h b/src/display_device/session.h
index 93609043324..9374a6e30f5 100644
--- a/src/display_device/session.h
+++ b/src/display_device/session.h
@@ -240,6 +240,8 @@ namespace display_device {
     std::string current_vdd_client_id; /**< Current client ID associated with VDD monitor. */
     std::string original_output_name; /**< Original output_name value before VDD device ID was set. */
     boost::optional<parsed_config_t::device_prep_e> current_device_prep; /**< Current device preparation mode, respecting client overrides. */
+    boost::optional<parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e> current_vdd_prep; /**< Current VDD preparation mode for VDD mode sessions. */
+    boost::optional<bool> current_use_vdd; /**< Whether current session is using VDD mode. */
     bool pending_restore_ = false; /**< Flag indicating if there is a pending restore settings operation waiting for unlock. */
     bool should_replace_vdd_id_ = false; /**< Flag indicating if VDD ID needs to be replaced after client switch. */
     std::string old_vdd_id_; /**< Old VDD ID that needs to be replaced. */
diff --git a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
index 293a462fafa..625bfbc8fba 100644
--- a/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
+++ b/src/platform/windows/display_device/settings.cpp
@@ -757,8 +757,9 @@ namespace display_device {
       bool failed_while_reverting_settings { false };
 
       if (is_vdd_mode) {
-        // VDD模式：拓扑由 vdd_prep 控制（在 prepare_vdd 中处理），这里只获取 metadata
-        BOOST_LOG(info) << "VDD mode: topology controlled by vdd_prep, only getting current topology metadata";
+        // VDD模式：拓扑由 vdd_prep 控制（在 prepare_vdd 中已处理），这里只获取 metadata
+        // 这里不修改拓扑，分辨率、刷新率、HDR 等设置仍然会应用
+        BOOST_LOG(info) << "VDD mode: topology controlled by vdd_prep in prepare_vdd, only getting current topology metadata";
         topology_result = get_current_topology_metadata(config.device_id);
       }
       else {
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/components/SetupWizard.vue b/src_assets/common/assets/web/components/SetupWizard.vue
index 38c99c0414a..683fa2f7c5a 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/components/SetupWizard.vue
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/components/SetupWizard.vue
@@ -139,45 +139,91 @@
           <div v-else-if="currentStep === 4">
             <h3 class="mb-4">{{ $t('setup.step3_description') }}</h3>
             
-            <div class="option-card" 
-                 :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_only_display' }"
-                 @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_only_display'">
-              <div class="option-icon">
-                <i class="fas fa-desktop"></i>
+            <!-- VDD 模式：显示 vdd_prep 选项 -->
+            <template v-if="isVirtualDisplay">
+              <div class="option-card"
+                   :class="{ selected: vddPrep === 'no_operation' }"
+                   @click="vddPrep = 'no_operation'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-hand-paper"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.vdd_no_operation') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.vdd_no_operation_desc') }}</p>
               </div>
-              <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_only_display') }}</h4>
-              <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_only_display_desc') }}</p>
-            </div>
 
-            <div class="option-card" 
-                 :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_primary' }"
-                 @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_primary'">
-              <div class="option-icon">
-                <i class="fas fa-star"></i>
+              <div class="option-card" 
+                   :class="{ selected: vddPrep === 'vdd_as_primary' }"
+                   @click="vddPrep = 'vdd_as_primary'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-star"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.vdd_as_primary') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.vdd_as_primary_desc') }}</p>
               </div>
-              <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_primary') }}</h4>
-              <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_primary_desc') }}</p>
-            </div>
 
-            <div class="option-card" 
-                 :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_active' }"
-                 @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_active'">
-              <div class="option-icon">
-                <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i>
+              <div class="option-card"
+                   :class="{ selected: vddPrep === 'vdd_as_secondary' }"
+                   @click="vddPrep = 'vdd_as_secondary'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-desktop"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.vdd_as_secondary') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.vdd_as_secondary_desc') }}</p>
               </div>
-              <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_active') }}</h4>
-              <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_active_desc') }}</p>
-            </div>
 
-            <div class="option-card" 
-                 :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'no_operation' }"
-                 @click="displayDevicePrep = 'no_operation'">
-              <div class="option-icon">
-                <i class="fas fa-hand-paper"></i>
+              <div class="option-card" 
+                   :class="{ selected: vddPrep === 'display_off' }"
+                   @click="vddPrep = 'display_off'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-power-off"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.vdd_display_off') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.vdd_display_off_desc') }}</p>
               </div>
-              <h4>{{ $t('setup.no_operation') }}</h4>
-              <p>{{ $t('setup.no_operation_desc') }}</p>
-            </div>
+            </template>
+
+            <!-- 普通模式：显示 device_prep 选项 -->
+            <template v-else>
+              <div class="option-card"
+                   :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_only_display' }"
+                   @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_only_display'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-desktop"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_only_display') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_only_display_desc') }}</p>
+              </div>
+
+              <div class="option-card" 
+                   :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_primary' }"
+                   @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_primary'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-star"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_primary') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_primary_desc') }}</p>
+              </div>
+
+              <div class="option-card" 
+                   :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'ensure_active' }"
+                   @click="displayDevicePrep = 'ensure_active'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-check-circle"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.ensure_active') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.ensure_active_desc') }}</p>
+              </div>
+
+              <div class="option-card" 
+                   :class="{ selected: displayDevicePrep === 'no_operation' }"
+                   @click="displayDevicePrep = 'no_operation'">
+                <div class="option-icon">
+                  <i class="fas fa-hand-paper"></i>
+                </div>
+                <h4>{{ $t('setup.no_operation') }}</h4>
+                <p>{{ $t('setup.no_operation_desc') }}</p>
+              </div>
+            </template>
           </div>
 
           <!-- 步骤 5: 完成 -->
@@ -312,7 +358,8 @@ export default {
       selectedLocale: 'zh', // 默认中文
       selectedDisplay: null, // 选择的显示器（虚拟或物理）
       selectedAdapter: '',
-      displayDevicePrep: 'ensure_only_display', // 默认选择：确保唯一显示器
+      displayDevicePrep: 'ensure_only_display', // 默认选择：确保唯一显示器（普通模式）
+      vddPrep: 'no_operation', // VDD模式下的屏幕布局选项，默认：保持当前布局
       saveSuccess: false,
       saveError: null,
       saving: false,
@@ -355,6 +402,10 @@ export default {
       } else if (this.currentStep === 3) {
         return this.selectedAdapter !== null
       } else if (this.currentStep === 4) {
+        // VDD模式检查 vddPrep，普通模式检查 displayDevicePrep
+        if (this.isVirtualDisplay) {
+          return this.vddPrep !== null
+        }
         return this.displayDevicePrep !== null
       }
       return false
@@ -436,8 +487,16 @@ export default {
         // 设置选择的显示器
         config.output_name = this.selectedDisplay
 
-        // 添加显示器组合策略
-        config.display_device_prep = this.displayDevicePrep
+        // 根据模式添加显示器组合策略
+        if (this.isVirtualDisplay) {
+          // VDD模式：保存 vdd_prep
+          config.vdd_prep = this.vddPrep
+          // device_prep 在 VDD 模式下不使用，但保留默认值
+          config.display_device_prep = 'no_operation'
+        } else {
+          // 普通模式：保存 device_prep
+          config.display_device_prep = this.displayDevicePrep
+        }
 
         console.log('保存配置:', config)
 
@@ -457,7 +516,8 @@ export default {
           trackEvents.userAction('setup_wizard_completed', {
             selected_display: this.selectedDisplay,
             adapter: this.selectedAdapter,
-            display_device_prep: this.displayDevicePrep,
+            display_device_prep: this.isVirtualDisplay ? null : this.displayDevicePrep,
+            vdd_prep: this.isVirtualDisplay ? this.vddPrep : null,
             is_virtual_display: this.isVirtualDisplay
           })
           
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
index 767766cbf69..22b9fb5c2f6 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ const config = ref(props.config);
 //     ? "{de9bb7e2-186e-505b-9e93-f48793333810}"
 //     : "4531345";
 
+// Check if VDD mode is enabled (output_name is 'ZakoHDR')
+const isVddMode = computed(() => {
+  return config.value.output_name === 'ZakoHDR'
+});
+
 // "DISPLAY NAME: \\\\.\\DISPLAY1\nFRIENDLY NAME: F32D80U\nDEVICE STATE: PRIMARY\nHDR STATE: ENABLED"
 const displayDevices = computed(() => {
   const devices = config.value.display_devices;
@@ -54,6 +59,23 @@ const displayDevices = computed(() => {
       </PlatformLayout>
     </div>
   </div>
+
+  <!-- VDD mode: Reuse VDD for all clients (only shown in VDD mode, Windows only) -->
+  <div class="mb-3 form-check" v-if="isVddMode && platform === 'windows'">
+    <input
+      type="checkbox"
+      class="form-check-input"
+      id="vdd_reuse"
+      v-model="config.vdd_reuse"
+    />
+    <label class="form-check-label" for="vdd_reuse">
+      {{ $tp('config.vdd_reuse') }}
+    </label>
+    <div class="form-text">
+      {{ $tp('config.vdd_reuse_desc') }}
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
   <div class="mb-3" v-if="platform === 'linux' || platform === 'macos'">
     <label for="output_name" class="form-label">{{
       $t("config.output_name_unix")
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
index 55f0ecba68f..5d21a851221 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/en.json
@@ -252,6 +252,8 @@
     "vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary_windows": "Physical Primary + VDD Extended",
     "vdd_prep_display_off_windows": "VDD Only (Disable Physical)",
     "vdd_prep_desc_windows": "Choose how VDD and physical displays work together during streaming.\nThese changes are automatically managed by Windows and don't need manual restoration.",
+    "vdd_reuse_windows": "Reuse Same VDD for All Clients",
+    "vdd_reuse_desc_windows": "When enabled, all clients will share the same VDD (Virtual Display Device). When disabled (default), each client gets its own unique VDD. Enable this for faster client switching, but note that all clients will share the same display settings.",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click": "Map Back/Select to Touchpad Click",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click_desc": "When forcing DS4 emulation, map Back/Select to Touchpad Click",
     "dsu_server_port": "DSU Server Port",
@@ -659,6 +661,14 @@
     "step4_title": "Complete",
     "stream_mode": "Stream Mode",
     "unknown_display": "Unknown Display",
+    "vdd_as_primary": "VDD Primary + Physical Extended",
+    "vdd_as_primary_desc": "Set virtual display as primary, physical displays as extended monitors",
+    "vdd_as_secondary": "Physical Primary + VDD Extended",
+    "vdd_as_secondary_desc": "Keep physical display as primary, virtual display as extended monitor",
+    "vdd_display_off": "VDD Only (Disable Physical)",
+    "vdd_display_off_desc": "Disable all physical displays, keep only the virtual display",
+    "vdd_no_operation": "Keep Current Layout",
+    "vdd_no_operation_desc": "Do not modify display topology, keep the current layout",
     "virtual_display": "Virtual Display (ZakoHDR)",
     "virtual_display_desc": "Stream using a virtual display device (requires ZakoVDD driver installation)",
     "welcome": "Welcome to Sunshine Foundation"
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
index 6b376b01d06..8deb6f5f83f 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/public/assets/locale/zh.json
@@ -248,10 +248,12 @@
     "display_modes": "显示模式",
     "vdd_prep_windows": "屏幕布局",
     "vdd_prep_no_operation_windows": "保持当前布局",
-    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_primary_windows": "虚拟主屏 + 物理扩展",
-    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary_windows": "物理主屏 + 虚拟扩展",
-    "vdd_prep_display_off_windows": "仅虚拟显示器（禁用物理屏）",
-    "vdd_prep_desc_windows": "选择串流时虚拟显示器与物理显示器的配合方式。\n这些更改由Windows自动管理，无需手动还原。",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_primary_windows": "基地主屏 + 物理扩展",
+    "vdd_prep_vdd_as_secondary_windows": "物理主屏 + 基地扩展",
+    "vdd_prep_display_off_windows": "仅基地显示器（禁用物理屏）",
+    "vdd_prep_desc_windows": "选择串流时基地显示器与物理显示器的配合方式。\n这些更改由Windows自动管理，无需手动还原。",
+    "vdd_reuse_windows": "所有客户端复用同一基地显示器",
+    "vdd_reuse_desc_windows": "启用后，所有客户端将共享同一个基地显示器。禁用时（默认），每个客户端获得独立的显示器。启用此选项可加快客户端切换速度，但所有客户端将共享相同的显示设置。",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click": "映射回/选择触摸板点击",
     "ds4_back_as_touchpad_click_desc": "强制使用 DS4 模拟时，将“返回”/“选择”映射到触摸板点击",
     "dsu_server_port": "DSU服务器端口",
@@ -658,6 +660,14 @@
     "step4_title": "完成",
     "stream_mode": "串流方式",
     "unknown_display": "未知显示器",
+    "vdd_as_primary": "基地主屏 + 物理扩展",
+    "vdd_as_primary_desc": "将基地显示器设为主屏幕，物理显示器作为扩展显示器",
+    "vdd_as_secondary": "物理主屏 + 基地扩展",
+    "vdd_as_secondary_desc": "保持物理显示器为主屏幕，基地显示器作为扩展显示器",
+    "vdd_display_off": "仅基地显示器",
+    "vdd_display_off_desc": "关闭所有物理显示器，仅保留基地显示器",
+    "vdd_no_operation": "保持当前布局",
+    "vdd_no_operation_desc": "不修改屏幕拓扑，保持当前的显示器布局",
     "virtual_display": "基地显示器 (ZakoHDR)",
     "virtual_display_desc": "使用Zako Display Adapter进行串流, 使用前请确保已安装杂鱼VDD驱动",
     "welcome": "欢迎使用 Sunshine Foundation"

From 7cedccfba3baace06c1118dec6bca733b26ca8f8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ShadowLemoon <119576779+ShadowLemoon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2026 20:49:45 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/5] =?UTF-8?q?fix:=20=E6=B7=BB=E5=8A=A0=E9=BB=98=E8=AE=A4?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E5=80=BC?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src_assets/common/assets/web/composables/useConfig.js           | 2 ++
 .../web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue    | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/composables/useConfig.js b/src_assets/common/assets/web/composables/useConfig.js
index 5e7d6544d9a..22b1a51e662 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/composables/useConfig.js
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/composables/useConfig.js
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ const DEFAULT_TABS = [
       capture_target: 'display',
       window_title: '',
       display_device_prep: 'no_operation',
+      vdd_prep: 'no_operation',
+      vdd_reuse: 'disabled',
       resolution_change: 'automatic',
       manual_resolution: '',
       refresh_rate_change: 'automatic',
diff --git a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
index 22b9fb5c2f6..4e215e3a631 100644
--- a/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
+++ b/src_assets/common/assets/web/configs/tabs/audiovideo/NewDisplayOutputSelector.vue
@@ -67,6 +67,8 @@ const displayDevices = computed(() => {
       class="form-check-input"
       id="vdd_reuse"
       v-model="config.vdd_reuse"
+      true-value="enabled"
+      false-value="disabled"
     />
     <label class="form-check-label" for="vdd_reuse">
       {{ $tp('config.vdd_reuse') }}

From bdb4b7f41be92f4cf3006c6c525322fc680afb48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: ShadowLemoon <119576779+ShadowLemoon@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2026 18:21:58 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 5/5] =?UTF-8?q?feat:=20=E9=80=82=E9=85=8D=E5=AE=A2?=
 =?UTF-8?q?=E6=88=B7=E7=AB=AFapi?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 src/nvhttp.cpp                       |  2 ++
 src/process.cpp                      |  1 +
 src/rtsp.h                           |  1 +
 4 files changed, 22 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
index cf6e6fc73dd..0e5625cfe17 100644
--- a/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
+++ b/src/display_device/parsed_config.cpp
@@ -588,6 +588,24 @@ namespace display_device {
       }
     }
 
+    // 客户端自定义VDD屏幕模式
+    const int custom_vdd_screen_mode = session.custom_vdd_screen_mode;
+    if (custom_vdd_screen_mode != -1) {
+      BOOST_LOG(debug) << "客户端自定义VDD屏幕模式: "sv << custom_vdd_screen_mode;
+      if (custom_vdd_screen_mode == static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation)) {
+        parsed_config.vdd_prep = parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::no_operation;
+      }
+      else if (custom_vdd_screen_mode == static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_primary)) {
+        parsed_config.vdd_prep = parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_primary;
+      }
+      else if (custom_vdd_screen_mode == static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_secondary)) {
+        parsed_config.vdd_prep = parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::vdd_as_secondary;
+      }
+      else if (custom_vdd_screen_mode == static_cast<int>(parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::display_off)) {
+        parsed_config.vdd_prep = parsed_config_t::vdd_prep_e::display_off;
+      }
+    }
+
     // 解析分辨率和刷新率配置
     if (!parse_resolution_option(config, session, parsed_config) ||
         !parse_refresh_rate_option(config, session, parsed_config) ||
diff --git a/src/nvhttp.cpp b/src/nvhttp.cpp
index 76e482b3bfd..3a9c4f92752 100644
--- a/src/nvhttp.cpp
+++ b/src/nvhttp.cpp
@@ -400,6 +400,7 @@ namespace nvhttp {
     launch_session->enable_hdr = util::from_view(get_arg(args, "hdrMode", "0"));
     launch_session->use_vdd = util::from_view(get_arg(args, "useVdd", "0"));
     launch_session->custom_screen_mode = util::from_view(get_arg(args, "customScreenMode", "-1"));
+    launch_session->custom_vdd_screen_mode = util::from_view(get_arg(args, "customVddScreenMode", "-1"));
     launch_session->max_nits = std::stof(get_arg(args, "maxBrightness", "1000"));
     launch_session->min_nits = std::stof(get_arg(args, "minBrightness", "0.001"));
     launch_session->max_full_nits = std::stof(get_arg(args, "maxAverageBrightness", "1000"));
@@ -448,6 +449,7 @@ namespace nvhttp {
     launch_session->env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_ENABLE_MIC"] = launch_session->enable_mic ? "true" : "false";
     launch_session->env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_USE_VDD"] = launch_session->use_vdd ? "true" : "false";
     launch_session->env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_CUSTOM_SCREEN_MODE"] = std::to_string(launch_session->custom_screen_mode);
+    launch_session->env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_CUSTOM_VDD_SCREEN_MODE"] = std::to_string(launch_session->custom_vdd_screen_mode);
     int channelCount = launch_session->surround_info & (65535);
     switch (channelCount) {
       case 2:
diff --git a/src/process.cpp b/src/process.cpp
index a8656a01e0c..f5ac594db21 100644
--- a/src/process.cpp
+++ b/src/process.cpp
@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ namespace proc {
     _env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_ENABLE_SOPS"] = launch_session->enable_sops ? "true" : "false";
     _env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_ENABLE_MIC"] = launch_session->enable_mic ? "true" : "false";
     _env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_CUSTOM_SCREEN_MODE"] = std::to_string(launch_session->custom_screen_mode);
+    _env["SUNSHINE_CLIENT_CUSTOM_VDD_SCREEN_MODE"] = std::to_string(launch_session->custom_vdd_screen_mode);
     int channelCount = launch_session->surround_info & (65535);
     switch (channelCount) {
       case 2:
diff --git a/src/rtsp.h b/src/rtsp.h
index 730b2e9cd68..00a82645c5e 100644
--- a/src/rtsp.h
+++ b/src/rtsp.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ namespace rtsp_stream {
     bool enable_mic;
     bool use_vdd;
     int custom_screen_mode;
+    int custom_vdd_screen_mode;
     float max_nits;
     float min_nits;
     float max_full_nits;