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Add alpha instructions to craft a RB1 image
This is very manual and error-prone, and will be trimmed down as various components are fixed. Signed-off-by: Loïc Minier <[email protected]>
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‎README.md‎

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@@ -82,6 +82,152 @@ The RB3 Gen2 board boots from UFS by default. To flash a disk image to the UFS s
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```
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The `prog_firehose_ddr.elf` payload is part of the the Yocto Qualcomm Linux image download.
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### RB1 instructions (alpha)
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The RB1 board boots from eMMC by default and uses an Android style boot architecture. Read-on to flash a disk image to the eMMC storage of the RB1 board and emulate an UEFI boot architecture.
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#### Build disk-sdcard.img with debos
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As above, build a SD card image as it's using a 512 sector size, like eMMC on the RB1:
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```bash
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debos \
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--fakemachine-backend qemu \
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--memory 1GiB \
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--scratchsize 4GiB \
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-t xfcedesktop:true \
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debos-recipes/qualcomm-linux-debian-rootfs.yaml
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debos \
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--fakemachine-backend qemu \
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--memory 1GiB \
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--scratchsize 4GiB \
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-t dtb:qcom/qrb2210-rb1.dtb \
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-t imagetype:sdcard \
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debos-recipes/qualcomm-linux-debian-image.yaml
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```
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#### Build U-Boot with RB1 support
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U-Boot will be chainloaded from the first Android boot partition.
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1. install build-dependencies to build U-Boot and to generate Android boot images
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```bash
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sudo apt install git build-essential crossbuild-essential-arm64 flex bison libssl-dev gnutls-dev mkbootimg
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```
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1. get the qcom-mainline branch from Sumit Garg's U-Boot repository ([upstream submission](https://patchwork.ozlabs.org/project/uboot/list/?series=451544))
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```bash
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git clone -b qcom-mainline https://github.com/b49020/u-boot/
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```
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1. build U-Boot and pack it into an Android boot image with the RB1 DTB
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```bash
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make qcom_defconfig
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make -j`nproc` DEVICE_TREE=qcom/qrb2210-rb1
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gzip u-boot-nodtb.bin
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cat u-boot-nodtb.bin.gz dts/upstream/src/arm64/qcom/qrb2210-rb1.dtb >u-boot-nodtb.bin.gz-dtb
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mkbootimg --base 0x80000000 --pagesize 4096 --kernel u-boot-nodtb.bin.gz-dtb --cmdline "root=/dev/notreal" --ramdisk u-boot.bin --output rb1-boot.img
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```
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#### Build an upstream Linux kernel to workaround boot issues
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Linux 6.14 or later will just work, but 6.13 kernels need `CONFIG_CLK_QCM2290_GPUCC=m` ([upstream submission](https://lore.kernel.org/linux-arm-msm/[email protected]/))
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1. install build-dependencies, get latest kernel (or a stable one)
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```bash
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sudo apt install git flex bison bc libelf-dev libssl-dev
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git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/torvalds/linux
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make defconfig
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make deb-pkg -j$(nproc)
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```
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1. on an arm64 capable machine, chroot into the disk image's root filesystem, mount the ESP and install the kernel
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```bash
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# this mounts the image and starts a shell in the chroot
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host% sudo scripts/disk-image-edit.sh disk-sdcard.img 512
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chroot#
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# in another shell on the host, copy the kernel .deb to /mnt/root
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host% chroot sudo cp linux-image-6.13.0_6.13.0-1_arm64.deb /mnt/root/
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# from within the chroot, mount ESP and install the kernel
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chroot# mount /boot/efi
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chroot# dpkg -i /root/linux-image-6.13.0_6.13.0-1_arm64.deb
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# uncompress the kernel as systemd-boot doesn’t handle these
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chroot# zcat /boot/efi/*/6.13*/linux >/tmp/linux
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chroot# mv /tmp/linux /boot/efi/*/6.13*/linux
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# update systemd entry to point at uncompressed kernel
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vi /boot/efi/…
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chroot# umount /boot/efi
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# leave chroot and unmount image
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chroot# exit
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```
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#### Extract the root and ESP partitions from the disk image
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This will create disk-sdcard.img1 and disk-sdcard.img2:
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```bash
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fdisk -l disk-sdcard.img | sed -n '1,/^Device/ d; p' |
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while read name start end sectors rest; do
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dd if=disk-sdcard.img of="${name}" bs=512 skip="${start}" count="${sectors}"
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done
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```
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#### Prepare a flashable image
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1. download and unpack the [Linux eMMC RB1 recovery image version 23.12 from Linaro](https://releases.linaro.org/96boards/rb1/linaro/rescue/23.12/)
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1. edit rawprogram0.xml and change the filename for the following partitions to these values to match files generated earlier:
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|label|filename|
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|---|---|
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|`boot_a`|`u-boot-abootimg.img`|
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|`esp`|`disk-sdcard.img1`|
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|`rootfs`|`disk-sdcard.img2`|
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#### Flash the image
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You probably want to connect to the serial port during the whole process, to follow what’s happening on the target. Plug the type-B USB cable to your host and access the serial console with 115200 8N1, e.g. with screen:
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Linux (tweak the name of the device):
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```bash
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screen /dev/ttyUSB* 115200
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```
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macOS (tweak the name of the device):
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```bash
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screen /dev/cu.usbserial-* 115200
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```
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Make sure that the 6th switch on the `DIP_SW_1` bank next to the eMMC is `ON` as to use the USB type-C port for flashing.
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Put the board in "emergency download" mode (EDL) by removing any cable from the USB type-C port, and pressing the `F_DL` button while turning the power on.
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Connect a cable from the flashing host to the USB type-C port on the board.
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Unpack the pre-built tarball and run:
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```bash
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qdl --storage emmc prog_firehose_ddr.elf rawprogram*.xml patch*.xml
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```
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You should see:
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```
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Waiting for EDL device
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waiting for programmer...
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flashed "xbl_a" successfully
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[...]
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partition 0 is now bootable
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```
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And the board should boot to a LightDM greeter on HDMI. Login to the serial console or Xfce session with user / password debian / debian.
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The USB ports and Ethernet should work after flipping the 6th switch on the `DIP_SW_1` bank next to the eMMC to `OFF`.
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#### Installing “qbootctl” to reset the reboot counter on boot
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In the installed Debian system, install “qbootctl” to make the current Android boot image as a successful:
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```bash
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sudo apt install qbootctl
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```
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## Development
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Want to join in the development? Changes welcome! See [CONTRIBUTING.md file](CONTRIBUTING.md) for step by step instructions.

‎scripts/disk-image-edit.sh‎

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#!/bin/sh
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
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# Input disk image and sector size
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DISK_IMG="$1"
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SECTOR_SIZE="$2"
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# Setup loop device with specified sector size
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LOOP_DEV=$(losetup -f --show -P --sector-size "$SECTOR_SIZE" "$DISK_IMG")
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# Mount the second partition
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mkdir -p /mnt
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mount "${LOOP_DEV}p2" /mnt
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# Bind mount necessary directories
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mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
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mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/dev/pts
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mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
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mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
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# Dangerous
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#mount --bind /tmp /mnt/tmp
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# DNS from host
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touch /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
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mount --bind /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
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# Chroot into /mnt and run a shell
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chroot /mnt /bin/bash
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# Cleanup after exiting the chroot shell
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umount /mnt/etc/resolv.conf
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#umount /mnt/tmp
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umount /mnt/dev/pts
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umount /mnt/dev
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umount /mnt/proc
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umount /mnt/sys
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umount /mnt
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# Detach the loop device
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losetup -d "$LOOP_DEV"
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echo "Cleanup completed."

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