11% File  src / library / base / man / ns - load.Rd 
22% Part  of  the  R  package , https : // www.R - project.org 
3- % Copyright  1995 - 2022  R  Core  Team 
3+ % Copyright  1995 - 2025  R  Core  Team 
44% Distributed  under  GPL  2  or  later 
55
66\name {ns - load }
1515\alias {isNamespaceLoaded }
1616
1717\description {
18-   Functions  to  load  and  unload  name  spaces. 
18+   Functions  to  load  and  unload  name  spaces  explicitly.   Loading  namespaces  typically 
19+   happens  automatically , often  from  \code {\link {library }()} or  also  when 
20+   other  packages  import  their  dependent  package  namespaces. 
1921}
2022\usage {
2123attachNamespace(ns , pos  =  2L , depends  =  NULL , exclude , include.only )
@@ -39,8 +41,10 @@ isNamespaceLoaded(name)
3941  \item {keep.source }{now  ignored  except  during  package  installation. }
4042  \item {keep.parse.data }{ignored  except  during  package  installation. }
4143  \item {partial }{logical ; if  true , stop  just  after  loading  code. }
42-   \item {versionCheck }{\code {NULL } or  a  version  specification (a  list 
43-     with  components  \code {op } and  \code {version }). }
44+   \item {versionCheck }{\code {NULL } or  a  version  specification , i.e. , a 
45+     \code {\link {list }} with  components  \code {op } and  \code {version } where 
46+     \code {op } is  a  string  denoting  a  \code {\link {Comparison }} operator  such 
47+     as  \code {" >=" code {" ==" code {" <" etc. }
4448  \item {quietly }{logical :  should  progress  and  error  messages  be  suppressed ?}
4549  \item {name }{string  or  \sQuote {name }, see  \code {\link {as.symbol }},
4650    of  a  package , e.g. , \code {" stats" . }
@@ -55,7 +59,13 @@ isNamespaceLoaded(name)
5559
5660  \code {loadNamespace } loads  the  specified  name  space  and  registers  it  in 
5761  an  internal  data  base.   A  request  to  load  a  name  space  when  one  of  that 
58-   name  is  already  loaded  has  no  effect.   The  arguments  have  the  same 
62+   name  is  already  loaded  has  no  effect.   \code {versionCheck } allows  to 
63+   require  a  namespace  with  restricted (e.g. , minimal  or  maximal ) package 
64+   version (\code {\link {packageVersion }()}).   If  the  version  check  fails ,
65+   \code {loadNamespace()} signals  an  error , whereas  \code {requireNamespace()}
66+   returns  \code {FALSE } after  showing  \code {loadNamespace }' s error message.
67+ 
68+   Further arguments have the same 
5969  meaning as the corresponding arguments to \c ode{\l ink{library}}, whose 
6070  help page explains the details of how a particular installed package 
6171  comes to be chosen.  After loading, \c ode{loadNamespace} looks for a 
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