diff --git a/examples/github.rs b/examples/github.rs
index 98e01e5..734d2bf 100644
--- a/examples/github.rs
+++ b/examples/github.rs
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ fn main() {
         env::var("GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET")
             .expect("Missing the GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize".to_string())
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize")
         .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token".to_string())
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token")
         .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Github OAuth2 process.
@@ -45,9 +45,7 @@ fn main() {
         .set_token_uri(token_url)
         // This example will be running its own server at localhost:8080.
         // See below for the server implementation.
-        .set_redirect_uri(
-            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080".to_string()).expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
-        );
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080").expect("Invalid redirect URL"));
 
     let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
         // Following redirects opens the client up to SSRF vulnerabilities.
@@ -59,8 +57,8 @@ fn main() {
     let (authorize_url, csrf_state) = client
         .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
         // This example is requesting access to the user's public repos and email.
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("public_repo".to_string()))
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("user:email".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("public_repo"))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("user:email"))
         .url();
 
     println!("Open this URL in your browser:\n{authorize_url}\n");
@@ -85,13 +83,13 @@ fn main() {
         let code = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "code")
-            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code))
             .unwrap();
 
         let state = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "state")
-            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state))
             .unwrap();
 
         let message = "Go back to your terminal :)";
diff --git a/examples/github_async.rs b/examples/github_async.rs
index 43b7731..389e3b8 100644
--- a/examples/github_async.rs
+++ b/examples/github_async.rs
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ async fn main() {
         env::var("GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET")
             .expect("Missing the GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize".to_string())
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/authorize")
         .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token".to_string())
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://github.com/login/oauth/access_token")
         .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Github OAuth2 process.
@@ -46,9 +46,7 @@ async fn main() {
         .set_token_uri(token_url)
         // This example will be running its own server at localhost:8080.
         // See below for the server implementation.
-        .set_redirect_uri(
-            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080".to_string()).expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
-        );
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080").expect("Invalid redirect URL"));
 
     let http_client = reqwest::ClientBuilder::new()
         // Following redirects opens the client up to SSRF vulnerabilities.
@@ -60,8 +58,8 @@ async fn main() {
     let (authorize_url, csrf_state) = client
         .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
         // This example is requesting access to the user's public repos and email.
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("public_repo".to_string()))
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("user:email".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("public_repo"))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("user:email"))
         .url();
 
     println!("Open this URL in your browser:\n{authorize_url}\n");
@@ -83,13 +81,13 @@ async fn main() {
                 let code = url
                     .query_pairs()
                     .find(|(key, _)| key == "code")
-                    .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code.into_owned()))
+                    .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code))
                     .unwrap();
 
                 let state = url
                     .query_pairs()
                     .find(|(key, _)| key == "state")
-                    .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state.into_owned()))
+                    .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state))
                     .unwrap();
 
                 let message = "Go back to your terminal :)";
diff --git a/examples/google.rs b/examples/google.rs
index d3dba53..b769c53 100644
--- a/examples/google.rs
+++ b/examples/google.rs
@@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ fn main() {
         env::var("GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET")
             .expect("Missing the GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth".to_string())
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth")
         .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/token".to_string())
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/token")
         .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Google OAuth2 process.
@@ -45,12 +45,10 @@ fn main() {
         .set_token_uri(token_url)
         // This example will be running its own server at localhost:8080.
         // See below for the server implementation.
-        .set_redirect_uri(
-            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080".to_string()).expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
-        )
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080").expect("Invalid redirect URL"))
         // Google supports OAuth 2.0 Token Revocation (RFC-7009)
         .set_revocation_url(
-            RevocationUrl::new("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/revoke".to_string())
+            RevocationUrl::new("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/revoke")
                 .expect("Invalid revocation endpoint URL"),
         );
 
@@ -68,12 +66,8 @@ fn main() {
     let (authorize_url, csrf_state) = client
         .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
         // This example is requesting access to the "calendar" features and the user's profile.
-        .add_scope(Scope::new(
-            "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar".to_string(),
-        ))
-        .add_scope(Scope::new(
-            "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.me".to_string(),
-        ))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/calendar"))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.me"))
         .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_code_challenge)
         .url();
 
@@ -99,13 +93,13 @@ fn main() {
         let code = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "code")
-            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code))
             .unwrap();
 
         let state = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "state")
-            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state))
             .unwrap();
 
         let message = "Go back to your terminal :)";
diff --git a/examples/google_devicecode.rs b/examples/google_devicecode.rs
index 6948bb1..edd0652 100644
--- a/examples/google_devicecode.rs
+++ b/examples/google_devicecode.rs
@@ -38,13 +38,12 @@ fn main() {
         env::var("GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET")
             .expect("Missing the GOOGLE_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth".to_string())
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/v2/auth")
         .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/token".to_string())
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v3/token")
         .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
-    let device_auth_url =
-        DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/device/code".to_string())
-            .expect("Invalid device authorization endpoint URL");
+    let device_auth_url = DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("https://oauth2.googleapis.com/device/code")
+        .expect("Invalid device authorization endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Google OAuth2 process.
     //
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ fn main() {
     // Request the set of codes from the Device Authorization endpoint.
     let details: StoringDeviceAuthorizationResponse = device_client
         .exchange_device_code()
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("profile".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("profile"))
         .request(&http_client)
         .expect("Failed to request codes from device auth endpoint");
 
diff --git a/examples/letterboxd.rs b/examples/letterboxd.rs
index 7ec702e..0c1e054 100644
--- a/examples/letterboxd.rs
+++ b/examples/letterboxd.rs
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
             .expect("Missing the LETTERBOXD_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
     // Letterboxd uses the Resource Owner flow and does not have an auth url
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://api.letterboxd.com/api/v0/auth/404".to_string())?;
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://api.letterboxd.com/api/v0/auth/token".to_string())?;
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://api.letterboxd.com/api/v0/auth/404")?;
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://api.letterboxd.com/api/v0/auth/token")?;
 
     // Set up the config for the Letterboxd OAuth2 process.
     let client = BasicClient::new(letterboxd_client_id.clone())
diff --git a/examples/microsoft_devicecode_common_user.rs b/examples/microsoft_devicecode_common_user.rs
index e148942..794525f 100644
--- a/examples/microsoft_devicecode_common_user.rs
+++ b/examples/microsoft_devicecode_common_user.rs
@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@ use std::error::Error;
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
         .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new(
-            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize".to_string(),
+            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize",
         )?)
         .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new(
-            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token".to_string(),
+            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token",
         )?)
         .set_device_authorization_url(DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new(
-            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/devicecode".to_string(),
+            "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/devicecode",
         )?);
 
     let http_client = reqwest::ClientBuilder::new()
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
 
     let details: StandardDeviceAuthorizationResponse = client
         .exchange_device_code()
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
         .request_async(&http_client)
         .await?;
 
diff --git a/examples/microsoft_devicecode_tenant_user.rs b/examples/microsoft_devicecode_tenant_user.rs
index c5bd8e8..44e022c 100644
--- a/examples/microsoft_devicecode_tenant_user.rs
+++ b/examples/microsoft_devicecode_tenant_user.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ const TENANT_ID: &str = "{tenant}";
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
         .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new(format!(
             "https://login.microsoftonline.com/{}/oauth2/v2.0/authorize",
             TENANT_ID
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> {
 
     let details: StandardDeviceAuthorizationResponse = client
         .exchange_device_code()
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
         .request_async(&http_client)
         .await?;
 
diff --git a/examples/msgraph.rs b/examples/msgraph.rs
index 2e56258..1179a89 100644
--- a/examples/msgraph.rs
+++ b/examples/msgraph.rs
@@ -40,12 +40,10 @@ fn main() {
         env::var("MSGRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET")
             .expect("Missing the MSGRAPH_CLIENT_SECRET environment variable."),
     );
-    let auth_url =
-        AuthUrl::new("https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize".to_string())
-            .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url =
-        TokenUrl::new("https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token".to_string())
-            .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize")
+        .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token")
+        .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Microsoft Graph OAuth2 process.
     let client = BasicClient::new(graph_client_id)
@@ -58,8 +56,7 @@ fn main() {
         // This example will be running its own server at localhost:3003.
         // See below for the server implementation.
         .set_redirect_uri(
-            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:3003/redirect".to_string())
-                .expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
+            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:3003/redirect").expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
         );
 
     let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
@@ -76,9 +73,7 @@ fn main() {
     let (authorize_url, csrf_state) = client
         .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
         // This example requests read access to OneDrive.
-        .add_scope(Scope::new(
-            "https://graph.microsoft.com/Files.Read".to_string(),
-        ))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("https://graph.microsoft.com/Files.Read"))
         .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_code_challenge)
         .url();
 
@@ -104,13 +99,13 @@ fn main() {
         let code = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "code")
-            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code))
             .unwrap();
 
         let state = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "state")
-            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state))
             .unwrap();
 
         let message = "Go back to your terminal :)";
diff --git a/examples/wunderlist.rs b/examples/wunderlist.rs
index fe960f2..15da7a8 100644
--- a/examples/wunderlist.rs
+++ b/examples/wunderlist.rs
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ fn main() {
 
     let wunder_client_id = ClientId::new(client_id_str.clone());
     let wunderlist_client_secret = ClientSecret::new(client_secret_str.clone());
-    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://www.wunderlist.com/oauth/authorize".to_string())
+    let auth_url = AuthUrl::new("https://www.wunderlist.com/oauth/authorize")
         .expect("Invalid authorization endpoint URL");
-    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.wunderlist.com/oauth/access_token".to_string())
+    let token_url = TokenUrl::new("https://www.wunderlist.com/oauth/access_token")
         .expect("Invalid token endpoint URL");
 
     // Set up the config for the Wunderlist OAuth2 process.
@@ -150,9 +150,7 @@ fn main() {
         .set_token_uri(token_url)
         // This example will be running its own server at localhost:8080.
         // See below for the server implementation.
-        .set_redirect_uri(
-            RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080".to_string()).expect("Invalid redirect URL"),
-        );
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://localhost:8080").expect("Invalid redirect URL"));
 
     let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
         // Following redirects opens the client up to SSRF vulnerabilities.
@@ -185,13 +183,13 @@ fn main() {
         let code = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "code")
-            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, code)| AuthorizationCode::new(code))
             .unwrap();
 
         let state = url
             .query_pairs()
             .find(|(key, _)| key == "state")
-            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state.into_owned()))
+            .map(|(_, state)| CsrfToken::new(state))
             .unwrap();
 
         let message = "Go back to your terminal :)";
diff --git a/src/client.rs b/src/client.rs
index fb82c68..b6f27b4 100644
--- a/src/client.rs
+++ b/src/client.rs
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ impl private::EndpointStateSealed for EndpointMaybeSet {}
 /// # use http::Response;
 /// # use oauth2::{*, basic::*};
 /// #
-/// # let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-/// #     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-/// #     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-/// #     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
-/// #     .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+/// # let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+/// #     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+/// #     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+/// #     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
+/// #     .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 /// #
 /// # #[derive(Debug, Error)]
 /// # enum FakeError {
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ impl private::EndpointStateSealed for EndpointMaybeSet {}
 /// # };
 /// #
 /// let res = client
-///     .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("some token".to_string()).into())
+///     .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("some token").into())
 ///     .unwrap()
 ///     .request(&http_client);
 ///
diff --git a/src/code.rs b/src/code.rs
index 401f49b..c74f815 100644
--- a/src/code.rs
+++ b/src/code.rs
@@ -204,9 +204,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url() {
         let client = new_client();
-        let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
-            .url();
+        let (url, _) = client.authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token")).url();
 
         assert_eq!(
             Url::parse(
@@ -240,9 +238,9 @@ mod tests {
         let client = new_client();
 
         let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
             .set_pkce_challenge(PkceCodeChallenge::from_code_verifier_sha256(
-                &PkceCodeVerifier::new("dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk".to_string()),
+                &PkceCodeVerifier::new("dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk"),
             ))
             .url();
         assert_eq!(
@@ -263,7 +261,7 @@ mod tests {
         let client = new_client();
 
         let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
             .use_implicit_flow()
             .url();
 
@@ -278,14 +276,12 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url_with_param() {
-        let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-            .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-            .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth?foo=bar".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+            .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+            .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth?foo=bar").unwrap())
+            .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
-        let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
-            .url();
+        let (url, _) = client.authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token")).url();
 
         assert_eq!(
             Url::parse(
@@ -298,12 +294,9 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url_with_scopes() {
-        let scopes = vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ];
+        let scopes = vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write")];
         let (url, _) = new_client()
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
             .add_scopes(scopes)
             .url();
 
@@ -323,8 +316,8 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url_with_one_scope() {
         let (url, _) = new_client()
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
-            .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
+            .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
             .url();
 
         assert_eq!(
@@ -345,8 +338,8 @@ mod tests {
         let client = new_client();
 
         let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
-            .set_response_type(&ResponseType::new("code token".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
+            .set_response_type(&ResponseType::new("code token"))
             .add_extra_param("foo", "bar")
             .url();
 
@@ -362,12 +355,10 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url_with_redirect_url() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/redirect".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/redirect").unwrap());
 
-        let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
-            .url();
+        let (url, _) = client.authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token")).url();
 
         assert_eq!(
             Url::parse(
@@ -383,13 +374,13 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_authorize_url_with_redirect_url_override() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/redirect".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/redirect").unwrap());
 
         let (url, _) = client
-            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token".to_string()))
+            .authorize_url(|| CsrfToken::new("csrf_token"))
             .set_redirect_uri(Cow::Owned(
-                RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/alternative".to_string()).unwrap(),
+                RedirectUrl::new("https://localhost/alternative").unwrap(),
             ))
             .url();
 
diff --git a/src/devicecode.rs b/src/devicecode.rs
index 53e9140..e7cb37b 100644
--- a/src/devicecode.rs
+++ b/src/devicecode.rs
@@ -698,14 +698,13 @@ mod tests {
         }}"
         );
 
-        let device_auth_url =
-            DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("https://deviceauth/here".to_string()).unwrap();
+        let device_auth_url = DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("https://deviceauth/here").unwrap();
 
         let client = new_client().set_device_authorization_url(device_auth_url.clone());
         client
             .exchange_device_code()
             .add_extra_param("foo", "bar")
-            .add_scope(Scope::new("openid".to_string()))
+            .add_scope(Scope::new("openid"))
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
                     (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -790,10 +789,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
         assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
-        assert_eq!(
-            Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid".to_string()),]),
-            token.scopes()
-        );
+        assert_eq!(Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid"),]), token.scopes());
         assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
         assert!(token.refresh_token().is_none());
     }
@@ -862,10 +858,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
         assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
-        assert_eq!(
-            Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid".to_string()),]),
-            token.scopes()
-        );
+        assert_eq!(Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid"),]), token.scopes());
         assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
         assert!(token.refresh_token().is_none());
     }
@@ -943,10 +936,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
         assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
-        assert_eq!(
-            Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid".to_string()),]),
-            token.scopes()
-        );
+        assert_eq!(Some(&vec![Scope::new("openid"),]), token.scopes());
         assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
         assert!(token.refresh_token().is_none());
     }
diff --git a/src/introspection.rs b/src/introspection.rs
index a40166f..3a3eef0 100644
--- a/src/introspection.rs
+++ b/src/introspection.rs
@@ -462,13 +462,11 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_token_introspection_successful_with_basic_auth_minimal_response() {
         let client = new_client()
             .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth)
-            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .set_introspection_url(
-                IntrospectionUrl::new("https://introspection/url".to_string()).unwrap(),
-            );
+            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap())
+            .set_introspection_url(IntrospectionUrl::new("https://introspection/url").unwrap());
 
         let introspection_response = client
-            .introspect(&AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()))
+            .introspect(&AccessToken::new("access_token_123"))
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
                     (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -512,13 +510,11 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_token_introspection_successful_with_basic_auth_full_response() {
         let client = new_client()
             .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth)
-            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .set_introspection_url(
-                IntrospectionUrl::new("https://introspection/url".to_string()).unwrap(),
-            );
+            .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap())
+            .set_introspection_url(IntrospectionUrl::new("https://introspection/url").unwrap());
 
         let introspection_response = client
-            .introspect(&AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()))
+            .introspect(&AccessToken::new("access_token_123"))
             .set_token_type_hint("access_token")
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
@@ -558,16 +554,10 @@ mod tests {
 
         assert!(introspection_response.active);
         assert_eq!(
-            Some(vec![
-                Scope::new("email".to_string()),
-                Scope::new("profile".to_string())
-            ]),
+            Some(vec![Scope::new("email"), Scope::new("profile")]),
             introspection_response.scopes
         );
-        assert_eq!(
-            Some(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string())),
-            introspection_response.client_id
-        );
+        assert_eq!(Some(ClientId::new("aaa")), introspection_response.client_id);
         assert_eq!(Some("demo".to_string()), introspection_response.username);
         assert_eq!(
             Some(BasicTokenType::Bearer),
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
index c25d502..f406616 100644
--- a/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -140,12 +140,12 @@
 //! # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
 //! // Create an OAuth2 client by specifying the client ID, client secret, authorization URL and
 //! // token URL.
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?)
-//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token".to_string())?)
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?)
+//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token")?)
 //!     // Set the URL the user will be redirected to after the authorization process.
-//!     .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://redirect".to_string())?);
+//!     .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://redirect")?);
 //!
 //! // Generate a PKCE challenge.
 //! let (pkce_challenge, pkce_verifier) = PkceCodeChallenge::new_random_sha256();
@@ -154,8 +154,8 @@
 //! let (auth_url, csrf_token) = client
 //!     .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
 //!     // Set the desired scopes.
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("write".to_string()))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("write"))
 //!     // Set the PKCE code challenge.
 //!     .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_challenge)
 //!     .url();
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
 //! // Now you can trade it for an access token.
 //! let token_result =
 //!     client
-//!         .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("some authorization code".to_string()))
+//!         .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("some authorization code"))
 //!         // Set the PKCE code verifier.
 //!         .set_pkce_verifier(pkce_verifier)
 //!         .request(&http_client)?;
@@ -213,12 +213,12 @@
 //! # async fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
 //! // Create an OAuth2 client by specifying the client ID, client secret, authorization URL and
 //! // token URL.
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?)
-//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token".to_string())?)
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?)
+//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token")?)
 //!     // Set the URL the user will be redirected to after the authorization process.
-//!     .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://redirect".to_string())?);
+//!     .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("http://redirect")?);
 //!
 //! // Generate a PKCE challenge.
 //! let (pkce_challenge, pkce_verifier) = PkceCodeChallenge::new_random_sha256();
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@
 //! let (auth_url, csrf_token) = client
 //!     .authorize_url(CsrfToken::new_random)
 //!     // Set the desired scopes.
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("write".to_string()))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("write"))
 //!     // Set the PKCE code challenge.
 //!     .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_challenge)
 //!     .url();
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 //!
 //! // Now you can trade it for an access token.
 //! let token_result = client
-//!     .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("some authorization code".to_string()))
+//!     .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("some authorization code"))
 //!     // Set the PKCE code verifier.
 //!     .set_pkce_verifier(pkce_verifier)
 //!     .request_async(&http_client)
@@ -281,9 +281,9 @@
 //! use url::Url;
 //!
 //! # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?);
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?);
 //!
 //! // Generate the full authorization URL.
 //! let (auth_url, csrf_token) = client
@@ -328,10 +328,10 @@
 //!
 //! # #[cfg(feature = "reqwest-blocking")]
 //! # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?)
-//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token".to_string())?);
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?)
+//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token")?);
 //!
 //! let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
 //!     // Following redirects opens the client up to SSRF vulnerabilities.
@@ -342,10 +342,10 @@
 //! let token_result =
 //!     client
 //!         .exchange_password(
-//!             &ResourceOwnerUsername::new("user".to_string()),
-//!             &ResourceOwnerPassword::new("pass".to_string())
+//!             &ResourceOwnerUsername::new("user"),
+//!             &ResourceOwnerPassword::new("pass")
 //!         )
-//!         .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+//!         .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
 //!         .request(&http_client)?;
 //! # Ok(())
 //! # }
@@ -374,10 +374,10 @@
 //!
 //! # #[cfg(feature = "reqwest-blocking")]
 //! # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?)
-//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token".to_string())?);
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?)
+//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token")?);
 //!
 //! let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
 //!     // Following redirects opens the client up to SSRF vulnerabilities.
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@
 //!
 //! let token_result = client
 //!     .exchange_client_credentials()
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
 //!     .request(&http_client)?;
 //! # Ok(())
 //! # }
@@ -421,11 +421,11 @@
 //!
 //! # #[cfg(feature = "reqwest-blocking")]
 //! # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
-//! let device_auth_url = DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("http://deviceauth".to_string())?;
-//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id".to_string()))
-//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret".to_string()))
-//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize".to_string())?)
-//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token".to_string())?)
+//! let device_auth_url = DeviceAuthorizationUrl::new("http://deviceauth")?;
+//! let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("client_id"))
+//!     .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("client_secret"))
+//!     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("http://authorize")?)
+//!     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("http://token")?)
 //!     .set_device_authorization_url(device_auth_url);
 //!
 //! let http_client = reqwest::blocking::ClientBuilder::new()
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@
 //!
 //! let details: StandardDeviceAuthorizationResponse = client
 //!     .exchange_device_code()
-//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
+//!     .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
 //!     .request(&http_client)?;
 //!
 //! println!(
diff --git a/src/revocation.rs b/src/revocation.rs
index fcee130..04cc5a7 100644
--- a/src/revocation.rs
+++ b/src/revocation.rs
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ pub trait RevocableToken {
 /// # fn err_wrapper() -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
 /// #
 /// # let token_response = BasicTokenResponse::new(
-/// #   AccessToken::new("access".to_string()),
+/// #   AccessToken::new("access"),
 /// #   BasicTokenType::Bearer,
 /// #   EmptyExtraTokenFields {},
 /// # );
@@ -131,11 +131,11 @@ pub trait RevocableToken {
 /// #         .unwrap())
 /// # };
 /// #
-/// let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-///     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-///     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
+/// let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+///     .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+///     .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
 ///     // Be sure to set a revocation URL.
-///     .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+///     .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 ///
 /// // ...
 ///
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ mod tests {
         let client = new_client().set_revocation_url_option(None);
 
         let result = client
-            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into())
             .unwrap_err();
 
         assert_eq!(result.to_string(), "No revocation endpoint URL specified");
@@ -397,8 +397,8 @@ mod tests {
         let client = new_client();
 
         let result = client
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("http://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("http://revocation/url").unwrap())
+            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into())
             .unwrap_err();
 
         assert_eq!(
@@ -409,11 +409,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_token_revocation_with_unsupported_token_type() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         let revocation_response = client
-          .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into()).unwrap()
+          .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into()).unwrap()
           .request(&mock_http_client(
               vec![
                   (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -452,11 +452,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_token_revocation_with_access_token_and_empty_json_response() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         client
-            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into())
             .unwrap()
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
@@ -480,11 +480,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_token_revocation_with_access_token_and_empty_response() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         client
-            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into())
             .unwrap()
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
@@ -504,11 +504,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_token_revocation_with_access_token_and_non_json_response() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         client
-            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .revoke_token(AccessToken::new("access_token_123").into())
             .unwrap()
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
@@ -532,11 +532,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_token_revocation_with_refresh_token() {
-        let client = new_client()
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client =
+            new_client().set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         client
-            .revoke_token(RefreshToken::new("refresh_token_123".to_string()).into())
+            .revoke_token(RefreshToken::new("refresh_token_123").into())
             .unwrap()
             .request(&mock_http_client(
                 vec![
@@ -560,11 +560,11 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_extension_token_revocation_successful() {
-        let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-            .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-            .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
-            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url".to_string()).unwrap());
+        let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+            .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+            .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+            .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
+            .set_revocation_url(RevocationUrl::new("https://revocation/url").unwrap());
 
         client
             .revoke_token(ColorfulRevocableToken::Red(
diff --git a/src/tests.rs b/src/tests.rs
index 6046e40..afc3909 100644
--- a/src/tests.rs
+++ b/src/tests.rs
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ use url::Url;
 
 pub(crate) fn new_client(
 ) -> BasicClient<EndpointSet, EndpointNotSet, EndpointNotSet, EndpointNotSet, EndpointSet> {
-    BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
+    BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
         .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
 }
 
diff --git a/src/token/tests.rs b/src/token/tests.rs
index aa23b1e..849235c 100644
--- a/src/token/tests.rs
+++ b/src/token/tests.rs
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ where
 
 #[test]
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_minimal_json_response() {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_minimal_json_response() {
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
     let client = new_client().set_auth_type(AuthType::RequestBody);
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -117,10 +117,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(3600, token.expires_in().unwrap().as_secs());
@@ -141,10 +138,10 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_basic_auth() {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa/;&".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb/;&".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa/;&"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb/;&"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth);
 
     let token = client
@@ -175,10 +172,7 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_basic_auth() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -187,9 +181,9 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_basic_auth() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_basic_auth_but_no_client_secret() {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa/;&".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa/;&"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth);
 
     let token = client
@@ -219,10 +213,7 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_basic_auth_but_no_client_secret() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -234,8 +225,8 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_body_auth_and_scope() {
     let client = new_client().set_auth_type(AuthType::RequestBody);
     let token = client
         .exchange_client_credentials()
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("write".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("write"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -265,10 +256,7 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_body_auth_and_scope() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -279,7 +267,7 @@ fn test_exchange_client_credentials_with_body_auth_and_scope() {
 fn test_exchange_refresh_token_with_basic_auth() {
     let client = new_client().set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth);
     let token = client
-        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -305,10 +293,7 @@ fn test_exchange_refresh_token_with_basic_auth() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -319,7 +304,7 @@ fn test_exchange_refresh_token_with_basic_auth() {
 fn test_exchange_refresh_token_with_json_response() {
     let client = new_client();
     let token = client
-        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -346,10 +331,7 @@ fn test_exchange_refresh_token_with_json_response() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -361,11 +343,11 @@ fn test_exchange_password_with_json_response() {
     let client = new_client();
     let token = client
         .exchange_password(
-            &ResourceOwnerUsername::new("user".to_string()),
-            &ResourceOwnerPassword::new("pass".to_string()),
+            &ResourceOwnerUsername::new("user"),
+            &ResourceOwnerPassword::new("pass"),
         )
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("read".to_string()))
-        .add_scope(Scope::new("write".to_string()))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("read"))
+        .add_scope(Scope::new("write"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -396,10 +378,7 @@ fn test_exchange_password_with_json_response() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -410,10 +389,10 @@ fn test_exchange_password_with_json_response() {
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url() {
     let client = new_client()
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::RequestBody)
-        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap());
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -444,10 +423,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -458,12 +434,12 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url() {
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url_override() {
     let client = new_client()
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::RequestBody)
-        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap());
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .set_redirect_uri(Cow::Owned(
-            RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/alternative".to_string()).unwrap(),
+            RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/alternative").unwrap(),
         ))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
@@ -495,10 +471,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url_override() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -509,10 +482,10 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_redirect_url_override() {
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_basic_auth() {
     let client = new_client()
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth)
-        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap());
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -543,10 +516,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_basic_auth() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -557,10 +527,10 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_basic_auth() {
 fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_pkce_and_extension() {
     let client = new_client()
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth)
-        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap());
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .set_pkce_verifier(PkceCodeVerifier::new(
             "dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk".to_string(),
         ))
@@ -599,10 +569,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_pkce_and_extension() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -613,10 +580,10 @@ fn test_exchange_code_successful_with_pkce_and_extension() {
 fn test_exchange_refresh_token_successful_with_extension() {
     let client = new_client()
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::BasicAuth)
-        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here".to_string()).unwrap());
+        .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new("https://redirect/here").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_refresh_token(&RefreshToken::new("ccc"))
         .add_extra_param("foo", "bar")
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
@@ -648,10 +615,7 @@ fn test_exchange_refresh_token_successful_with_extension() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(BasicTokenType::Bearer, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(None, token.expires_in());
@@ -662,7 +626,7 @@ fn test_exchange_refresh_token_successful_with_extension() {
 fn test_exchange_code_with_simple_json_error() {
     let client = new_client();
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -752,7 +716,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_with_simple_json_error() {
 fn test_exchange_code_with_json_parse_error() {
     let client = new_client();
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -791,7 +755,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_with_json_parse_error() {
 fn test_exchange_code_with_unexpected_content_type() {
     let client = new_client();
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -822,12 +786,12 @@ fn test_exchange_code_with_unexpected_content_type() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_exchange_code_with_invalid_token_type() {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -869,7 +833,7 @@ fn test_exchange_code_with_400_status_code() {
     let body = r#"{"error":"invalid_request","error_description":"Expired code."}"#;
     let client = new_client();
     let token_err = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -913,13 +877,13 @@ fn test_exchange_code_with_400_status_code() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_exchange_code_fails_gracefully_on_transport_error() {
-    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = BasicClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&|_| Err(FakeError::Err));
 
     assert!(token.is_err());
@@ -932,13 +896,13 @@ fn test_exchange_code_fails_gracefully_on_transport_error() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_extension_successful_with_minimal_json_response() {
-    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -983,14 +947,14 @@ fn test_extension_successful_with_minimal_json_response() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_extension_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
-    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap())
+    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap())
         .set_auth_type(AuthType::RequestBody);
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -1024,10 +988,7 @@ fn test_extension_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
     assert_eq!("12/34", token.access_token().secret());
     assert_eq!(ColorfulTokenType::Red, *token.token_type());
     assert_eq!(
-        Some(&vec![
-            Scope::new("read".to_string()),
-            Scope::new("write".to_string()),
-        ]),
+        Some(&vec![Scope::new("read"), Scope::new("write"),]),
         token.scopes()
     );
     assert_eq!(3600, token.expires_in().unwrap().as_secs());
@@ -1051,13 +1012,13 @@ fn test_extension_successful_with_complete_json_response() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_extension_with_simple_json_error() {
-    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = ColorfulClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -1175,13 +1136,13 @@ mod custom_errors {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_extension_with_custom_json_error() {
-    let client = CustomErrorClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa".to_string()))
-        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb".to_string()))
-        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth".to_string()).unwrap())
-        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token".to_string()).unwrap());
+    let client = CustomErrorClient::new(ClientId::new("aaa"))
+        .set_client_secret(ClientSecret::new("bbb"))
+        .set_auth_uri(AuthUrl::new("https://example.com/auth").unwrap())
+        .set_token_uri(TokenUrl::new("https://example.com/token").unwrap());
 
     let token = client
-        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc".to_string()))
+        .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new("ccc"))
         .request(&mock_http_client(
             vec![
                 (ACCEPT, "application/json"),
@@ -1217,7 +1178,7 @@ fn test_extension_with_custom_json_error() {
 #[test]
 fn test_extension_serializer() {
     let mut token_response = ColorfulTokenResponse::new(
-        AccessToken::new("mysecret".to_string()),
+        AccessToken::new("mysecret"),
         ColorfulTokenType::Red,
         ColorfulFields {
             shape: Some("circle".to_string()),
@@ -1225,7 +1186,7 @@ fn test_extension_serializer() {
         },
     );
     token_response.set_expires_in(Some(&Duration::from_secs(3600)));
-    token_response.set_refresh_token(Some(RefreshToken::new("myothersecret".to_string())));
+    token_response.set_refresh_token(Some(RefreshToken::new("myothersecret")));
     let serialized = serde_json::to_string(&token_response).unwrap();
     assert_eq!(
         "{\
diff --git a/src/types.rs b/src/types.rs
index 47bc8de..f627647 100644
--- a/src/types.rs
+++ b/src/types.rs
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ macro_rules! new_type {
             $($item)*
 
             #[doc = $new_doc]
-            pub const fn new(s: $type) -> Self {
-                $name(s)
+            pub fn new(s: impl Into<$type>) -> Self {
+                $name(s.into())
             }
         }
         impl Deref for $name {
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ macro_rules! new_secret_type {
             $($item)*
 
             #[doc = $new_doc]
-            pub fn new(s: $type) -> Self {
-                $name(s)
+            pub fn new(s: impl Into<$type>) -> Self {
+                $name(s.into())
             }
             #[doc = $secret_doc]
             ///
@@ -249,7 +249,8 @@ macro_rules! new_url_type {
         pub struct $name(Url, String);
         impl $name {
             #[doc = $new_doc]
-            pub fn new(url: String) -> Result<Self, ::url::ParseError> {
+            pub fn new(url: impl Into<String>) -> Result<Self, ::url::ParseError> {
+                let url = url.into();
                 Ok($name(Url::parse(&url)?, url))
             }
             #[doc = $from_url_doc]
@@ -485,7 +486,7 @@ impl PkceCodeChallenge {
 
         Self {
             code_challenge,
-            code_challenge_method: PkceCodeChallengeMethod::new("S256".to_string()),
+            code_challenge_method: PkceCodeChallengeMethod::new("S256"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -522,7 +523,7 @@ impl PkceCodeChallenge {
 
         Self {
             code_challenge,
-            code_challenge_method: PkceCodeChallengeMethod::new("plain".to_string()),
+            code_challenge_method: PkceCodeChallengeMethod::new("plain"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -610,7 +611,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_secret_redaction() {
-        let secret = ClientSecret::new("top_secret".to_string());
+        let secret = ClientSecret::new("top_secret");
         assert_eq!("ClientSecret([redacted])", format!("{secret:?}"));
     }
 
@@ -641,8 +642,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_code_verifier_challenge() {
         // Example from https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#appendix-B
-        let code_verifier =
-            PkceCodeVerifier::new("dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk".to_string());
+        let code_verifier = PkceCodeVerifier::new("dBjftJeZ4CVP-mB92K27uhbUJU1p1r_wW1gFWFOEjXk");
         assert_eq!(
             PkceCodeChallenge::from_code_verifier_sha256(&code_verifier).as_str(),
             "E9Melhoa2OwvFrEMTJguCHaoeK1t8URWbuGJSstw-cM",