add solution for exercise3-18

Author: ramsayleung

chapter3/exercise3-18.rkt

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#lang racket
+;;; 支持 mutable 与 immutable
+
+;;; 时间复杂度 O(N), 空间复杂度 O(N)
+(define (memo-has-circle? x)
+  (let ((seen '()))
+    (define (iter lst)
+      (cond
+        ((and (not (pair? lst)) (not (mpair? lst))
+              #f))
+        ((memq lst seen)
+         #t)
+        (else
+         (set! seen (cons lst seen))
+         (match lst
+           [ (cons a b) (iter b)]
+           [ (mcons a b) (iter b)]
+           [_ #f])
+         )))
+    (iter x)))
+
+;;; 双指针方案
+;;; 时间复杂度 O(N), 空间复杂度 O(1)
+(define (has-circle? x)
+  (define (safe-cdr lst)
+    (cond ((pair? lst)
+           (cdr lst))
+          ((mpair? lst)
+           (mcdr lst))
+          (else '())))
+
+  (define (is-pair? lst)
+    (or (pair? lst) (mpair? lst)))
+
+  (let loop ((tortoise x)
+             (hare (safe-cdr x)))
+    (cond ((or (not (is-pair? tortoise))
+               (not (is-pair? hare))
+               (not (is-pair? (safe-cdr hare))))
+           #f)
+          ((eq? tortoise hare)
+           #t)
+          (else
+           (loop (safe-cdr tortoise)
+                 (safe-cdr (safe-cdr hare))))
+          ))
+  )
+
+(module+ test
+  (require rackunit)
+  (test-case "Test for circular? with circular mutable list"
+             (define cycle (mcons 1 (mcons 2 null)))
+             (set-mcdr! (mcdr cycle) cycle)
+             (check-true (memo-has-circle? cycle))
+             (check-true (has-circle? cycle)))
+  (test-case "Test for circular? with non-circular mutable list"
+             (define non-cycle (mcons 1 (mcons 2 null)))
+             (check-false (memo-has-circle? non-cycle))
+             (check-false (has-circle? non-cycle)))
+
+  (test-case "Test for circular? with immutable list"
+             (define imm-list (list 1 2 3))
+             (check-false (memo-has-circle? imm-list))
+             (check-false (has-circle? imm-list)))
+  )