Enforce alignment in each memory resource

[bdice]

From #2324 (comment)_

With the removal of device_memory_resource, we no longer have a single place to raise if the requested alignment was not satisfiable.

Now that this indirection is gone we need to:

1. Make sure that all MRs explicitly pass alignment through to any upstream (not currently done today)
2. Ensure all "leaf" MRs validate the alignment parameter.

Point (1) should not be done by the aligned resource adaptor (the whole point is it can change the alignment), but should be done by everyone else.