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Python HTTP Server: Initial commit (materials)
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‎python-http-server/cgi-bin/hello.py‎

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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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import os
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from http.cookies import SimpleCookie
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from random import choices
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cookies = SimpleCookie(os.getenv("HTTP_COOKIE"))
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try:
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visits = int(cookies["visits"].value) + 1
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except KeyError:
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visits = 1
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cookies["visits"] = str(visits)
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cookies["visits"]["max-age"] = 5 # Expire after 5 seconds
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print(
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f"""\
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Content-Type: text/html
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{cookies}
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<title>Hello from a CGI Script</title>
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<style>
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body {{
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background-color: #{"".join(choices("0123456789abcdef", k=6))};
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}}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>CGI Script: {os.getenv("SCRIPT_NAME")}</h1>
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<p>You visited this page <b>{cookies["visits"].value}</b> times.</p>
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<h2>Environment Variables</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><b>CONTENT_TYPE:</b> {os.getenv("CONTENT_TYPE")}</li>
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<li><b>HTTP_USER_AGENT:</b> {os.getenv("HTTP_USER_AGENT")}</li>
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<li><b>QUERY_STRING:</b> {os.getenv("QUERY_STRING")}</li>
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<li><b>REQUEST_METHOD:</b> {os.getenv("REQUEST_METHOD")}</li>
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</ul>
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</body>
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</html>"""
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)

‎python-http-server/https/https_server.py‎

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import argparse
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import webbrowser
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from http.server import HTTPServer, SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
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from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER, SSLContext
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from self_signed import SelfSignedCertificate
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def main(args):
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ssl_context = SSLContext(PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
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ssl_context.load_cert_chain(SelfSignedCertificate(args.host).path)
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server = HTTPServer((args.host, args.port), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
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server.socket = ssl_context.wrap_socket(server.socket, server_side=True)
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webbrowser.open(f"https://{args.host}:{args.port}/")
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server.serve_forever()
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def parse_args():
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parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
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parser.add_argument("--host", type=str, default="0.0.0.0")
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parser.add_argument("--port", type=int, default=443)
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return parser.parse_args()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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main(parse_args())

‎python-http-server/https/requirements.txt‎

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cffi==1.15.1
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cryptography==40.0.2
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pyOpenSSL==23.1.1
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pycparser==2.21

‎python-http-server/https/secure_server.py‎

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from http.server import HTTPServer, SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
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from ssl import PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER, SSLContext
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ssl_context = SSLContext(PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
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ssl_context.load_cert_chain("/path/to/cert.pem", "/path/to/private.key")
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server = HTTPServer(("0.0.0.0", 443), SimpleHTTPRequestHandler)
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server.socket = ssl_context.wrap_socket(server.socket, server_side=True)
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server.serve_forever()

‎python-http-server/https/self_signed.py‎

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import tempfile
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from dataclasses import dataclass
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from pathlib import Path
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from OpenSSL.crypto import (FILETYPE_PEM, TYPE_RSA, X509, PKey,
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dump_certificate, dump_privatekey)
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@dataclass(frozen=True)
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class SelfSignedCertificate:
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host: str = "0.0.0.0"
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bits: int = 2048
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country: str = "CA"
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state: str = "British Columbia"
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locality: str = "Vancouver"
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organization: str = "Real Python"
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organizational_unit: str = "Development"
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serial_number: int = 1
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expires_on: int = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60
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@property
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def path(self) -> Path:
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key_pair = PKey()
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key_pair.generate_key(TYPE_RSA, self.bits)
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certificate = X509()
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subject = certificate.get_subject()
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subject.CN = self.host
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subject.C = self.country
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subject.ST = self.state
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subject.L = self.locality
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subject.O = self.organization
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subject.OU = self.organizational_unit
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certificate.set_serial_number(self.serial_number)
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certificate.gmtime_adj_notBefore(0)
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certificate.gmtime_adj_notAfter(self.expires_on)
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certificate.set_issuer(subject)
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certificate.set_pubkey(key_pair)
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certificate.sign(key_pair, "sha256")
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with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False) as file:
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file.write(dump_privatekey(FILETYPE_PEM, key_pair))
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file.write(dump_certificate(FILETYPE_PEM, certificate))
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return Path(file.name)

‎python-http-server/webapp/static/app.js‎

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document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {
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const span = document.querySelector("#seconds");
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let numSeconds = 0;
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setInterval(function() {
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span.innerText = ++numSeconds;
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}, 1000);
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});

‎python-http-server/webapp/static/real-python-logo.png‎

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‎python-http-server/webapp/static/style.css‎

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@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Source+Sans+Pro&display=swap');
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* {
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font-family: 'Source Sans Pro', sans-serif;
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margin: 0;
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}
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body {
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background-color: #f0f0f0;
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}
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.panel {
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background-color: #fff;
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border-radius: 8px;
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box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
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display: grid;
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grid-auto-rows: minmax(45px, auto);
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grid-gap: 10px;
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grid-template-columns: 1fr;
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margin: 50px auto;
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padding: 15px;
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width: 400px;
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}
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.panel input, .panel button {
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border-radius: 6px;
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border: 1px solid #dddfe2;
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font-size: 14pt;
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}
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.panel input {
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color: #555;
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padding: 10px;
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}
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.panel button {
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background-color: #3a709d;
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color: white;
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}
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.panel *:focus {
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box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px rgba(69, 123, 157, 0.4);
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outline: #3a709d solid 1px;
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}
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.panel input::placeholder {
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color: #999;
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}
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.panel input:focus::placeholder {
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color: #bbb;
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}
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.login-error {
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color: #c1121f;
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font-size: 14pt;
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margin-top: 10px;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.hidden {
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display: none;
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}
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.top-bar {
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background-color: #17354b;
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height: 50px;
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margin: auto;
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padding: 10px;
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}
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.top-bar > img {
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display: block;
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height: 50px;
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margin: auto;
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}

‎python-http-server/webapp/templates/home_view.html‎

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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<title>Home</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="top-bar">
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<img src="/static/real-python-logo.png" alt="Real Python Logo">
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</div>
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<form class="panel" method="get" action="/logout">
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<h1> Welcome back, {username} 👋</h1>
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<div>You've been viewing this page for <span id="seconds">0</span> seconds.</div>
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<button type="submit">Log Out</button>
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</form>
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<script src="/static/app.js"></script>
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</body>
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</html>

‎python-http-server/webapp/templates/login_form.html‎

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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
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<title>Log In</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/style.css">
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="top-bar">
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<img src="/static/real-python-logo.png" alt="Real Python Logo">
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</div>
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<form class="panel" method="post" action="">
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<div class="login-error {hidden}">🔒 Wrong username or password!</div>
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<input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username" required>
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<input type="password" placeholder="Password" name="password" required>
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<button type="submit">Log In</button>
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</form>
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</body>
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</html>

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