Merge branch 'master' into python-with-statement

Author: brendaweles

debug-python-errors/README.md

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+# How to Debug Common Python Errors
+
+This folder provides the code examples for the Real Python tutorial [How to Debug Common Python Errors](https://realpython.com/debug-python-errors/).

debug-python-errors/cat.py

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+cat = "Siamese"
+
+print(cat)

debug-python-errors/fruit.py

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+def capitalize_fruit_names(fruits):
+    capitalized_fruit_names = []
+    cleaned = [fruit if isinstance(fruit, str) else "" for fruit in fruits]
+
+    for fruit in cleaned:
+        capitalized_fruit_names.append(fruit.capitalize())
+
+    return capitalized_fruit_names
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(capitalize_fruit_names(["apple", "BANANA", "cherry", "maNgo"]))

debug-python-errors/palindromes.py

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+def find_palindromes(text):
+    # Split sentence into words
+    words = text.split()
+
+    # Remove punctuation and convert to lowercase
+    normalized_words = [
+        "".join(filter(str.isalnum, word)).lower() for word in words
+    ]
+
+    # Check for palindromes
+    return [word for word in normalized_words if word == word[::-1]]
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(
+        find_palindromes("Dad plays many solos at noon, and sees a racecar.")
+    )

debug-python-errors/test_fruit.py

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+import unittest
+
+from fruit import capitalize_fruit_names
+
+
+class TestFruit(unittest.TestCase):
+    def test_empty_list(self):
+        """with empty list"""
+        self.assertEqual(capitalize_fruit_names([]), [])
+
+    def test_lowercase(self):
+        """with lowercase strings"""
+        self.assertEqual(
+            capitalize_fruit_names(["apple", "banana", "cherry"]),
+            ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"],
+        )
+
+    def test_uppercase(self):
+        """with uppercase strings"""
+        self.assertEqual(
+            capitalize_fruit_names(["APPLE", "BANANA", "CHERRY"]),
+            ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"],
+        )
+
+    def test_mixed_case(self):
+        """with mixed case strings"""
+        self.assertEqual(
+            capitalize_fruit_names(["mAnGo", "grApE"]),
+            ["Mango", "Grape"],
+        )
+
+    def test_non_string_element(self):
+        """with a mix of integer and string elements"""
+        self.assertEqual(
+            capitalize_fruit_names([123, "banana"]),
+            ["", "Banana"],
+        )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    unittest.main()

python-asyncio/README.md

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+# Python's `asyncio`: A Hands-On Walkthrough
+
+This folder provides the code examples for the Real Python tutorial [Python's `asyncio`: A Hands-On Walkthrough](https://realpython.com/async-io-python/).

python-asyncio/as_completed.py

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+import asyncio
+import time
+
+
+async def main():
+    task1 = asyncio.create_task(coro([10, 5, 2]))
+    task2 = asyncio.create_task(coro([3, 2, 1]))
+    print("Start:", time.strftime("%X"))
+    for task in asyncio.as_completed([task1, task2]):
+        result = await task
+        print(f'result: {result} completed at {time.strftime("%X")}')
+    print("End:", time.strftime("%X"))
+    print(f"Both tasks done: {all((task1.done(), task2.done()))}")
+
+
+async def coro(numbers):
+    await asyncio.sleep(min(numbers))
+    return list(reversed(numbers))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    asyncio.run(main())

python-asyncio/chained.py

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+import asyncio
+import random
+import time
+
+
+async def main():
+    user_ids = [1, 2, 3]
+    start = time.perf_counter()
+    await asyncio.gather(
+        *(get_user_with_posts(user_id) for user_id in user_ids)
+    )
+    end = time.perf_counter()
+    print(f"\n==> Total time: {end - start:.2f} seconds")
+
+
+async def get_user_with_posts(user_id):
+    user = await fetch_user(user_id)
+    await fetch_posts(user)
+
+
+async def fetch_user(user_id):
+    delay = random.uniform(0.5, 2.0)
+    print(f"User coro: fetching user by {user_id=}...")
+    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+    user = {"id": user_id, "name": f"User{user_id}"}
+    print(f"User coro: fetched user with {user_id=} (done in {delay:.1f}s).")
+    return user
+
+
+async def fetch_posts(user):
+    delay = random.uniform(0.5, 2.0)
+    print(f"Post coro: retrieving posts for {user['name']}...")
+    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
+    posts = [f"Post {i} by {user['name']}" for i in range(1, 3)]
+    print(
+        f"Post coro: got {len(posts)} posts by {user['name']}"
+        f" (done in {delay:.1f}s):"
+    )
+    for post in posts:
+        print(f" - {post}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    random.seed(444)
+    asyncio.run(main())

python-asyncio/countasync.py

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+import asyncio
+
+
+async def main():
+    await asyncio.gather(count(), count(), count())
+
+
+async def count():
+    print("One")
+    await asyncio.sleep(1)
+    print("Two")
+    await asyncio.sleep(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import time
+
+    start = time.perf_counter()
+    asyncio.run(main())
+    elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+    print(f"{__file__} executed in {elapsed:0.2f} seconds.")

python-asyncio/countsync.py

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+import time
+
+
+def main():
+    for _ in range(3):
+        count()
+
+
+def count():
+    print("One")
+    time.sleep(1)
+    print("Two")
+    time.sleep(1)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    start = time.perf_counter()
+    main()
+    elapsed = time.perf_counter() - start
+    print(f"{__file__} executed in {elapsed:0.2f} seconds.")