Merge pull request #86 from codewithdhruba01/add/Python-Syntax

docs: Add detailed Python Syntax documentation with examples and explanations

Author: sanjay-kv

docs/python/python-syntax.md

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+---
+id: python-syntax
+title: Python Syntax
+sidebar_label: Python Syntax #displays in sidebar
+sidebar_position: 2
+tags:
+  [
+    Python,
+    Introduction of python,
+    Python Syntax,
+
+  ]
+
+---
+
+# Python Syntax
+
+Python is known for its clean and readable syntax. It emphasizes code readability and allows developers to write fewer lines of code compared to other programming languages.
+
+### Basic Syntax Structure
+
+Python uses indentation instead of curly braces `{}` to define blocks of code.
+
+### Example:
+
+```python
+if 5 > 2:
+    print("Five is greater than two!")
+````
+
+* **Indentation** is crucial in Python. Missing or incorrect indentation will raise an error.
+
+
+### Comments
+
+### Single-line comment:
+
+```python
+# This is a comment
+print("Hello, World!")
+```
+
+### Multi-line comment (using triple quotes):
+
+```python
+"""
+This is a
+multi-line comment
+"""
+print("Hello again!")
+```
+
+---
+
+### Variables
+
+Python does not require you to declare the type of a variable.
+
+```python
+x = 10         # integer
+y = "Hello"    # string
+z = 3.14       # float
+```
+
+### Multiple assignment:
+
+```python
+a, b, c = 1, 2, 3
+```
+
+---
+
+### Data Types
+
+Some common data types in Python:
+
+* `int`: Integer
+* `float`: Floating point
+* `str`: String
+* `bool`: Boolean
+* `list`: List of items
+* `tuple`: Immutable list
+* `dict`: Key-value pair
+* `set`: Unique unordered collection
+
+```python
+num = 10                 # int
+name = "Alice"           # str
+items = [1, 2, 3]        # list
+person = {"name": "Bob", "age": 25}  # dict
+```
+
+---
+
+### Conditionals
+
+```python
+age = 18
+
+if age >= 18:
+    print("Adult")
+elif age > 12:
+    print("Teenager")
+else:
+    print("Child")
+```
+
+---
+
+### Loops
+
+### `for` loop:
+
+```python
+for i in range(5):
+    print(i)
+```
+
+### `while` loop:
+
+```python
+count = 0
+while count < 5:
+    print(count)
+    count += 1
+```
+
+---
+
+### Functions
+
+Functions are defined using the `def` keyword.
+
+```python
+def greet(name):
+    print("Hello, " + name)
+
+greet("Alice")
+```
+
+### Return statement:
+
+```python
+def add(a, b):
+    return a + b
+
+result = add(2, 3)
+print(result)  # Output: 5
+```
+
+---
+
+### Modules and Imports
+
+You can import built-in or custom modules.
+
+```python
+import math
+
+print(math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0
+```
+
+---
+
+### Operators
+
+### Arithmetic Operators:
+
+```python
++  -  *  /  //  %  **
+```
+
+### Comparison Operators:
+
+```python
+==  !=  >  <  >=  <=
+```
+
+### Logical Operators:
+
+```python
+and  or  not
+```
+
+---
+
+### Indentation Rules
+
+Python uses **4 spaces** (by convention) for indentation. Do not mix tabs and spaces.
+
+Incorrect:
+
+```python
+if True:
+print("Hello")  # IndentationError
+```
+
+Correct:
+
+```python
+if True:
+    print("Hello")  
+```
+
+---
+
+## Conclusion
+
+Python syntax is simple, readable, and beginner-friendly. With its use of indentation and minimalistic style, it allows you to focus on solving problems rather than worrying about complex syntax rules.
+
+---
+
+> 📌 **Note**: Make sure your Python files have the `.py` extension and you're using Python 3.x version for compatibility with modern features.