[Kernel] [CatalogManaged] Add the catalog managed preview table feature (read) support (delta-io#4686)

## 🥞 Stacked PR
Use this [link](https://github.com/delta-io/delta/pull/4686/files) to
review incremental changes.
-
[**stack/kernel_catalog_managed_table_feature**](delta-io#4686)
[[Files changed](https://github.com/delta-io/delta/pull/4686/files)]

---------
#### Which Delta project/connector is this regarding?

- [ ] Spark
- [ ] Standalone
- [ ] Flink
- [X] Kernel
- [ ] Other (fill in here)

## Description

Creates the `CATALOG_MANAGED_R_W_FEATURE_PREVIEW`. Only read support.

Note -- only merge when full read support is complete. But this can be
reviewed now.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing UTs.

## Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing changes?

No.

Author: scottsand-db

kernel/kernel-api/src/main/java/io/delta/kernel/internal/tablefeatures/TableFeatures.java

@@ -76,6 +76,28 @@ public boolean hasKernelWriteSupport(Metadata metadata) {
     }
   }
 
+  // TODO: [delta-io/delta#4763] Support `catalogManaged` when the RFC is formally accepted into the
+  //       protocol.
+
+  public static final TableFeature CATALOG_MANAGED_R_W_FEATURE_PREVIEW =
+      new CatalogManagedFeatureBase("catalogOwned-preview");
+
+  private static class CatalogManagedFeatureBase extends TableFeature.ReaderWriterFeature {
+    CatalogManagedFeatureBase(String featureName) {
+      super(featureName, /* minReaderVersion = */ 3, /* minWriterVersion = */ 7);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean hasKernelWriteSupport(Metadata metadata) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Set<TableFeature> requiredFeatures() {
+      return Collections.singleton(IN_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP_W_FEATURE);
+    }
+  }
+
   public static final TableFeature INVARIANTS_W_FEATURE = new InvariantsFeature();
 
   private static class InvariantsFeature extends TableFeature.LegacyWriterFeature {
@@ -487,6 +509,7 @@ public boolean metadataRequiresFeatureToBeEnabled(Protocol protocol, Metadata me
       Collections.unmodifiableList(
           Arrays.asList(
               APPEND_ONLY_W_FEATURE,
+              CATALOG_MANAGED_R_W_FEATURE_PREVIEW,
               CHECKPOINT_V2_RW_FEATURE,
               CHANGE_DATA_FEED_W_FEATURE,
               CLUSTERING_W_FEATURE,
@@ -677,16 +700,30 @@ public static void validateKernelCanWriteToTable(
     }
   }
 
+  /////////////////////////////
+  // Is feature X supported? //
+  /////////////////////////////
+
+  public static boolean isCatalogManagedSupported(Protocol protocol) {
+    return protocol.supportsFeature(CATALOG_MANAGED_R_W_FEATURE_PREVIEW);
+  }
+
   public static boolean isRowTrackingSupported(Protocol protocol) {
-    return protocol.getImplicitlyAndExplicitlySupportedFeatures().contains(ROW_TRACKING_W_FEATURE);
+    return protocol.supportsFeature(ROW_TRACKING_W_FEATURE);
   }
 
   public static boolean isDomainMetadataSupported(Protocol protocol) {
-    return protocol
-        .getImplicitlyAndExplicitlySupportedFeatures()
-        .contains(DOMAIN_METADATA_W_FEATURE);
+    return protocol.supportsFeature(DOMAIN_METADATA_W_FEATURE);
   }
 
+  public static boolean isClusteringTableFeatureSupported(Protocol protocol) {
+    return protocol.supportsFeature(CLUSTERING_W_FEATURE);
+  }
+
+  ///////////////////////////
+  // Does protocol have X? //
+  ///////////////////////////
+
   public static boolean hasInvariants(StructType tableSchema) {
     return !SchemaUtils.filterRecursively(
             tableSchema,
@@ -702,10 +739,6 @@ public static boolean hasCheckConstraints(Metadata metadata) {
         .anyMatch(s -> s.startsWith("delta.constraints."));
   }
 
-  public static boolean isClusteringTableFeatureSupported(Protocol protocol) {
-    return protocol.supportsFeature(CLUSTERING_W_FEATURE);
-  }
-
   public static boolean hasIdentityColumns(Metadata metadata) {
     return !SchemaUtils.filterRecursively(
             metadata.getSchema(),

kernel/kernel-api/src/test/scala/io/delta/kernel/internal/tablefeatures/TableFeaturesSuite.scala

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
 import io.delta.kernel.data.{ArrayValue, ColumnVector, MapValue}
 import io.delta.kernel.exceptions.KernelException
 import io.delta.kernel.internal.actions.{Format, Metadata, Protocol}
-import io.delta.kernel.internal.tablefeatures.TableFeatures.{validateKernelCanReadTheTable, validateKernelCanWriteToTable, CLUSTERING_W_FEATURE, DOMAIN_METADATA_W_FEATURE, TABLE_FEATURES, TYPE_WIDENING_RW_FEATURE}
+import io.delta.kernel.internal.tablefeatures.TableFeatures.{validateKernelCanReadTheTable, validateKernelCanWriteToTable, TABLE_FEATURES}
 import io.delta.kernel.internal.util.InternalUtils.singletonStringColumnVector
 import io.delta.kernel.internal.util.VectorUtils.buildColumnVector
 import io.delta.kernel.types._
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class TableFeaturesSuite extends AnyFunSuite {
   // Tests for [[TableFeature]] implementations                                                  //
   /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
   val readerWriterFeatures = Seq(
+    "catalogOwned-preview",
     "columnMapping",
     "deletionVectors",
     "timestampNtz",
@@ -226,6 +227,7 @@ class TableFeaturesSuite extends AnyFunSuite {
       .collect(toList()).asScala
 
     val expected = Seq(
+      "catalogOwned-preview",
       "columnMapping",
       "v2Checkpoint",
       "variantType",

kernel/kernel-defaults/src/test/scala/io/delta/kernel/defaults/catalogManaged/CatalogManagedEnablementSuite.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (2025) The Delta Lake Project Authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package io.delta.kernel.defaults.catalogManaged
+
+import scala.collection.JavaConverters._
+
+import io.delta.kernel.{Operation, Table}
+import io.delta.kernel.data.Row
+import io.delta.kernel.defaults.utils.TestUtils
+import io.delta.kernel.exceptions.KernelException
+import io.delta.kernel.types.{IntegerType, StructType}
+import io.delta.kernel.utils.CloseableIterable.emptyIterable
+
+import org.scalatest.funsuite.AnyFunSuite
+
+class CatalogManagedEnablementSuite extends AnyFunSuite with TestUtils {
+
+  // TODO: [delta-io/delta#4764] This test uses the legacy Table and Snapshot APIs and so does not
+  //       commit to any catalog. For now, this test exists to ensure that setting
+  //       `delta.feature.catalogOwned-preview` correctly enables the catalogManaged table feature.
+  //       When writer support is added, we will extend this test to check that the right properties
+  //       and table features (e.g. ICT) were enabled.
+  test("setting delta.feature.catalogOwned-preview enables the catalogManaged table feature") {
+    withTempDir { tempDir =>
+      val table = Table.forPath(defaultEngine, tempDir.getAbsolutePath)
+
+      val tblProperties = Map("delta.feature.catalogOwned-preview" -> "supported").asJava
+
+      val exMsg = intercept[KernelException] {
+        table
+          .createTransactionBuilder(defaultEngine, "engineInfo", Operation.CREATE_TABLE)
+          .withSchema(defaultEngine, new StructType().add("id", IntegerType.INTEGER))
+          .withTableProperties(defaultEngine, tblProperties)
+          .build(defaultEngine)
+          .commit(defaultEngine, emptyIterable[Row])
+      }.getMessage
+
+      assert(exMsg.contains("Unsupported Delta writer feature"))
+      assert(exMsg.contains("requires writer table feature \"[catalogOwned-preview]\""))
+    }
+  }
+}