[SPARK-52047][PYTHON] Raise PySparkValueError for unsupported plot kinds

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
Raise PySparkValueError for unsupported plot kinds

### Why are the changes needed?
Previously, unsupported plot kinds raised a raw KeyError, which was unclear. This change adds explicit validation and raises a descriptive PySparkValueError, improving user experience and debugging clarity.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
Yes, when passing an invalid kind to DataFrame.plot, users now receive a clear PySparkValueError instead of a generic KeyError.

### How was this patch tested?
Unit tests.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?
No.

Closes apache#50837 from xinrong-meng/plot_test.

Authored-by: Xinrong Meng <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Hyukjin Kwon <[email protected]>

Author: xinrong-meng

python/pyspark/errors/error-conditions.json

@@ -1155,6 +1155,11 @@
       "`<backend>` does not support `<param>` set to <value>, it should be one of the values from <supported_values>"
     ]
   },
+  "UNSUPPORTED_PLOT_KIND": {
+    "message": [
+      "`<plot_type>` is not supported, it should be one of the values from <supported_plot_types>"
+    ]
+  },
   "UNSUPPORTED_SIGNATURE": {
     "message": [
       "Unsupported signature: <signature>."

python/pyspark/sql/plot/plotly.py

@@ -43,6 +43,19 @@ def plot_pyspark(data: "DataFrame", kind: str, **kwargs: Any) -> "Figure":
         return plot_kde(data, **kwargs)
     if kind == "hist":
         return plot_histogram(data, **kwargs)
+    if kind not in PySparkPlotAccessor.plot_data_map:
+        raise PySparkValueError(
+            errorClass="UNSUPPORTED_PLOT_KIND",
+            messageParameters={
+                "plot_type": kind,
+                "supported_plot_types": ", ".join(
+                    sorted(
+                        list(PySparkPlotAccessor.plot_data_map.keys())
+                        + ["pie", "box", "kde", "density", "hist"]
+                    )
+                ),
+            },
+        )
 
     return plotly.plot(PySparkPlotAccessor.plot_data_map[kind](data), kind, **kwargs)
 

python/pyspark/sql/tests/plot/test_frame_plot.py

@@ -48,9 +48,30 @@ def test_backend(self):
             messageParameters={"backend": "matplotlib", "supported_backends": "plotly"},
         )
 
+    def test_unsupported_plot_kind(self):
+        from pyspark.sql.plot.core import PySparkPlotAccessor
+
+        data = [Row(a=i, b=i + 1, c=i + 2, d=i + 3) for i in range(2000)]
+        sdf = self.spark.createDataFrame(data)
+        with self.assertRaises(PySparkValueError) as pe:
+            sdf.plot(kind="bubble")
+
+        self.check_error(
+            exception=pe.exception,
+            errorClass="UNSUPPORTED_PLOT_KIND",
+            messageParameters={
+                "plot_type": "bubble",
+                "supported_plot_types": ", ".join(
+                    sorted(
+                        list(PySparkPlotAccessor.plot_data_map.keys())
+                        + ["pie", "box", "kde", "density", "hist"]
+                    )
+                ),
+            },
+        )
+
     def test_topn_max_rows(self):
         with self.sql_conf({"spark.sql.pyspark.plotting.max_rows": "1000"}):
-            self.spark.conf.set("spark.sql.pyspark.plotting.max_rows", "1000")
             sdf = self.spark.range(2500)
             pdf = PySparkTopNPlotBase().get_top_n(sdf)
             self.assertEqual(len(pdf), 1000)