Rollup merge of #145845 - Kobzol:fix-distcheck, r=jieyouxu

Make `x test distcheck` self-contained

Before, the checked components were extracted under the checked out source root, which caused us to test some weird combination of tarball + checkout sources/aritfacts/configuration.

Now `x test distcheck` works with an external temporary directory instead, which should make it self-contained. I also moved some config from the Dockerfile to the test itself, and fixed an issue in tidy that caused `x test tidy` to fail on tarball sources.

I also removed `.args(&builder.config.configure_args)`, because it was passing all kinds of crap from the CI config to the distcheck step, which was making it less reproducible.

Fixes: rust-lang/rust#145183

r? ```@jieyouxu```

try-job: x86_64-gnu-distcheck

Author: Zalathar