Auto merge of #145663 - Kobzol:bootstrap-test, r=jieyouxu

Enforce in bootstrap that test must have stage at least 1 (except for compiletest)

This PR cleans up a bunch of test steps and adds metadata to them. I didn't yet touch the most complicated step (`CompileTest`), I'm leaving that for another PR.

Testing anything on stage 0 is only possible for compiletest and with `build.allow-compiletest-stage0`. Testing anything else on stage 0 will either produce a nice error or crash with a stage being subtracted below zero.

r? `@jieyouxu`

try-job: dist-x86_64-linux
try-job: aarch64-gnu
try-job: arm-android
try-job: `x86_64-gnu-llvm-20*`
try-job: `x86_64-msvc-*`
try-job: aarch64-apple
try-job: test-various

Author: bors