diff --git a/metadata/ontolearner-metadata.rdf b/metadata/ontolearner-metadata.rdf index 76f7a29..cb6f36c 100644 --- a/metadata/ontolearner-metadata.rdf +++ b/metadata/ontolearner-metadata.rdf @@ -5,228 +5,206 @@ This Dublin Core metadata collection describes ontologies benchmarked in OntoLearner. It includes information such as title, creator, format, license, and version. OntoLearner Team MIT License - 1.4.8 + 1.4.9 - - EMMOCrystallography - Crystallography Ontology (EMMOCrystallography) - A crystallography domain ontology based on EMMO and the CIF core dictionary. It is implemented as a formal language. + + OIEMaterials + Open Innovation Environment Materials (OIEMaterials) + The materials module populates the physicalistic perspective with materials subclasses categorised according to modern applied physical sciences. + Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro TTL Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-crystallography + https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ Materials Science and Engineering - Crystallography - 0.0.1 + Materials - - CHEMINF - Chemical Information Ontology (CHEMINF) - The chemical information ontology (cheminf) describes information entities about chemical entities. It provides qualitative and quantitative attributes to richly describe chemicals. Includes terms for the descriptors commonly used in cheminformatics software applications and the algorithms which generate them. - Egon Willighagen, Nina Jeliazkova, Ola Spjuth, Valery Tkachenko + + FRAPO + Funding, Research Administration and Projects Ontology (FRAPO) + The Funding, Research Administration and Projects Ontology (FRAPO) is an ontology for describing the administrative information of research projects, e.g., grant applications, funding bodies, project partners, etc. + David Shotton + RDF + Creative Commons 4.0 + http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/frapo + Scholarly Knowledge + Administration + + + TribAIn + Tribology and Artificial Intelligence Ontology (TribAIn) + TribAIn is an ontology for the description of tribological experiments and their results. It is designed to be used in the context of the TribAIn project, which aims to develop a knowledge-based system for the design of tribological systems. + Patricia Kügler + TTL + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/snow0815/tribAIn + Scholarly Knowledge + + + OPMW + Open Provenance Model for Workflows (OPMW) + The Open Provenance Model for Workflows (OPMW) is an ontology for describing workflow traces and their templates based on the Open Provenance Model. It has been designed as a profile for OPM, extending and reusing OPM's core ontologies OPMV (OPM-Vocabulary) and OPMO (OPM-Ontology). + http://delicias.dia.fi.upm.es/members/DGarijo/#me, http://www.isi.edu/~gil/ OWL - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/CHEMINF + 2014-12-22 + Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) + https://www.opmw.org/model/OPMW_20141222/ + Scholarly Knowledge + Workflows + 3.1 + + + Metadata4Ing + Metadata for Intelligent Engineering (Metadata4Ing) + The ontology Metadata4Ing provides a framework for the semantic description of research data and of the whole data generation process, embracing the object of investigation, all sample and data manipulation methods and tools, the data files themselves, and the roles of persons and institutions. The structure and application of the ontology are based on the principles of modularity and inheritance. + Metadata4Ing Workgroup + TTL + 2025-03-10 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://git.rwth-aachen.de/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/metadata4ing + Scholarly Knowledge + Materials Science + 1.3.1 + + + QUDT + Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Data Types (QUDT) + QUDT is an advocate for the development and implementation of standards to quantify data expressed in RDF and JSON. + NASA Ames Research Center + TTL + March 1, 2022 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://qudt.org/ + Units and Measurements + Physics + 2.1 + + + FIX + FIX Ontology (FIX) + An ontology of physico-chemical methods and properties. + OWL + 2020-04-13 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/FIX Chemistry - 2.1.0 + Chemicals, Properties + 2020-04-13 - - CCO - Common Core Ontologies (CCO) - The Common Core Ontologies (CCO) is a widely-used suite of eleven ontologies that consist of logically well-defined generic terms and relations among them reflecting entities across all domains of interest. + + MicroStructures + EMMO-based ontology for microstructures (MicroStructures) + This is intended to be a domain ontology for metallic microstructures, covering aspects like: composition, particles, both stable (primary) and metastable (precipitates), grains, subgrains, grain boundaries & particle free zones (PFZs), texture, dislocations. The aim is to support both microstructure modelling as well as characterisation. + OWL + https://github.com/jesper-friis/emmo-microstructure + Materials Science and Engineering + Microstructure + + + BBCProvenance + BBC Provenance News Ontology (BBCProvenance) + An ontology to capture data about the provenance of data in an RDF Triple Store. This provenance is focused on the immediate providers and not the ultimate source, so for example, this would record that geodata was provided by the BBC Locator team, and not geonames. In the Linked Data Platform, this data is applied to contexts or named graphs. A named graph is, in effect, a 'fourth part' to a triple, hence the term 'quad store'. + LinkedData@bbc.co.uk TTL - 2024-11-06 - BSD-3-Clause license - https://github.com/CommonCoreOntology/CommonCoreOntologies - General Knowledge - General - 2.0 + 2012-12-01 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/provenance-ontology + News and Media + Provenance + 1.9 - - AIISO - Academic Institution Internal Structure Ontology (AIISO) - The Academic Institution Internal Structure Ontology (AIISO) provides classes and properties to describe the internal organizational structure of an academic institution. AIISO is designed to work in partnership with Participation (http://purl.org/vocab/participation/schema), FOAF (http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/) and aiiso-roles (http://purl.org/vocab/aiiso-roles/schema) to describe the roles that people play within an institution. - Open University - RDF - 2008-05-14 + + LPBFO + Laser Powder Bed Fusion Ontology (LPBFO) + The LPBF Ontology can be used to describe the additive manufacturing of a component via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) / Selective Laser Melting (SLM). The ontology builds on BFO2.0 and BWMD_mid and has been developed to be used in conjunction with the digital workflows provided by Fraunhofer IWM. If possible, the terminology within this ontology was used as provided by ISO/ASTM 52900:2015. Recently, classes relevant for Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) were added that enable sustainability assessment. + Fraunhofer IWM + OWL + 2022-09-20 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://vocab.org/aiiso/ - Scholarly Knowledge - Academic Institution - 1.0 + https://matportal.org/ontologies/LPBFO + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 1.1.9 - - MusicOntology - Music Ontology (MusicOntology) - The Music Ontology Specification provides main concepts and properties fo describing music (i.e. artists, albums and tracks) on the Semantic Web. - Knowledge Media Institute, Open University - RDF - 2013/07/22 + + BBCWildlife + BBC Wildlife Ontology (BBCWildlife) + A simple vocabulary for describing biological species and related taxa. The vocabulary defines terms for describing the names and ranking of taxa, as well as providing support for describing their habitats, conservation status, and behavioural characteristics, etc. + https://www.ldodds.com#me, http://tomscott.name/ + TTL + 2013/12/18 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/motools/musicontology - Arts and Humanities - Music Theory - 2.1.5 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/wildlife-ontology + News and Media + Wildlife + 1.1 - - Hydra - Hydra Ontology (Hydra) - Hydra is a lightweight vocabulary to create hypermedia-driven Web APIs. By specifying a number of concepts commonly used in Web APIs it enables the creation of generic API clients. - Hydra W3C Community Group - JSONLD - 13 July 2021 + + SchemaOrg + Schema.org Ontology (SchemaOrg) + Schema.org is a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages, and beyond. + Schema.org Community + OWL + 2024-11-22 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.hydra-cg.com/spec/latest/core/#references - Web and Internet + https://github.com/schemaorg/schemaorg/blob/main/data/releases/28.1/schemaorg.owl + General Knowledge Web Development + 28.1 - - PLDO - Planar Defects Ontology (PLDO) - PLDO is an ontology designed to describe planar defects in crystalline materials, such as grain boundaries and stacking faults, with a focus on their atomic-scale structure and properties. + + ASMO + Atomistic Simulation Methods Ontology (ASMO) + ASMO is an ontology that aims to define the concepts needed to describe commonly used atomic scale simulation methods, i.e. density functional theory, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo methods, etc. ASMO uses the Provenance Ontology (PROV-O) to describe the simulation process. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 OWL Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/pldo + https://github.com/OCDO/asmo?tab=readme-ov-file#atomistic-simulation-methods-ontology-asmo Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Defects + Materials Science 1.0.0 - - SIO - Semanticscience Integrated Ontology (SIO) - The semanticscience integrated ontology (SIO) provides a simple, integrated upper level ontology (types, relations) for consistent knowledge representation across physical, processual and informational entities. This project provides foundational support for the Bio2RDF (http://bio2rdf.org) and SADI (http://sadiframework.org) projects. - M. Dumontier + + PSIMOD + Protein Modifications Ontology (PSIMOD) + PSI-MOD is an ontology developed by the Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI) that describes protein chemical modifications, logically linked by an is_a relationship in such a way as to form a direct acyclic graph (DAG). The PSI-MOD ontology has more than 45 top-level nodes, and provides alternative hierarchical paths for classifying protein modifications either by the molecular structure of the modification, or by the amino acid residue that is modified. OWL - 03/25/2024 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/SIO - Upper Ontology - Basic - 1.59 + 2022-06-13 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 + https://github.com/HUPO-PSI/psi-mod-CV + Chemistry + Protein Modifications + 1.031.6 - - UO - Units of Measurement Ontology (UO) - Metrical units for use in conjunction with PATO. - KAUST + + ChMO + Chemical Methods Ontology (ChMO) + The Chemical Methods Ontology contains more than 3000 classes and describes methods used to: - collect data in chemical experiments, such as mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. - prepare and separate material for further analysis, such as sample ionisation, chromatography, and electrophoresis - synthesise materials, such as epitaxy and continuous vapour deposition It also describes the instruments used in these experiments, such as mass spectrometers and chromatography columns and their outputs. OWL - 2023-05-25 - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/UO - Units and Measurements + 2022-04-19 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/rsc-ontologies/rsc-cmo + Chemistry - - ONTORULE - Ontology for the Steel Domain (ONTORULE) - This deliverable consists of the ontology developed in ONTORULE for the steel industry use case. It is presented as an attachment to this document as an html document which was generated by SpecGen from the OWL file. The original OWL file is also included. This document describes the different concepts and attributes included in the ontology. For a better understanding of the decisions taken at the time of representing the knowledge in the ontology, the reader is encouraged to also read the document D5.4. - Diego Daz + + BBC + BBC Ontology (BBC) + The BBC ontology codifies the logic that connects web documents, BBC products and platforms for which content is available. Currently, there are 10 major products in Future Media which produce content for BBC online. The majority of those contain more products dedicated in thematic areas, for example Education propositions are part of the K&L (Knowledge and Learning) product portfolio. + LinkedData@bbc.co.uk TTL - 2010-05-31 - N/A - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ISE-FIZKarlsruhe/mseo.github.io/master/Ontology_files/ONTORULEsteel.ttl - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science + 2012-12-01 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/bbc-ontology/ + News and Media + News + 1.37 - - MarineTLO - Marine Taxonomy and Life Ontology (MarineTLO) - MarineTLO is a top level ontology, generic enough to provide consistent abstractions or specifications of concepts included in all data models or ontologies of marine data sources and provide the necessary properties to make this distributed knowledge base a coherent source of facts relating observational data with the respective spatiotemporal context and categorical (systematic) domain knowledge. It can be used as the core schema for publishing Linked Data, as well as for setting up integration systems for the marine domain. It can be extended to any level of detail on demand, while preserving monotonicity. For its development and evolution we have adopted an iterative and incremental methodology where a new version is released every two months. For the implementation we use OWL 2, and to evaluate it we use a set of competency queries, formulating the domain requirements provided by the related communities. - Information System Laboratory (ISL), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH) - OWL - 2017-01-05 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://projects.ics.forth.gr/isl/MarineTLO/ - Biology and Life Sciences - Marine Science, Oceanography - 1.0 - - - SWO - Software Ontology (SWO) - The Software Ontology (SWO) is a resource for describing software tools, their types, tasks, versions, provenance and associated data. It contains detailed information on licensing and formats as well as software applications themselves, mainly (but not limited) to the bioinformatics community. - Allyson Lister, Andy Brown, Duncan Hull, Helen Parkinson, James Malone, Jon Ison, Nandini Badarinarayan, Robert Stevens - OWL - 2013-07-01 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SWO - Scholarly Knowledge - Software - 1.0 - - - OWLTime - Time Ontology in OWL (OWL-Time) - OWL-Time is an OWL-2 DL ontology of temporal concepts, for describing the temporal properties of resources in the world or described in Web pages. The ontology provides a vocabulary for expressing facts about topological (ordering) relations among instants and intervals, together with information about durations, and about temporal position including date-time information. Time positions and durations may be expressed using either the conventional (Gregorian) calendar and clock, or using another temporal reference system such as Unix-time, geologic time, or different calendars. - World Wide Web Consortium - TTL - 15 November 2022 - W3C Software Notice and Document License - https://www.w3.org/TR/owl-time/ - Units and Measurements - Temporal Reasoning - 1.0 - - - Photovoltaics - EMMO Domain Ontology for Photovoltaics (Photovoltaics) - This ontology is describing Perovskite solar cells. - Casper Welzel Andersen, Simon Clark - TTL - Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-photovoltaics - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.0.1 - - - SPWorkflow - SMART Protocols Ontology: Workflow Module (SP-Workflow) - SP-Workflow module represents: i) the executable elements of a protocol; ii) the experimental actions and material entities that participates in instructions (sample/specimen, organisms, reagents, instruments); and iii) the order of execution of the instructions. - http://oxgiraldo.wordpress.com - OWL - 2013-07-01 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/SMARTProtocols/SMART-Protocols - Scholarly Knowledge - Workflows - 4.0 - - - CHAMEO - Characterisation Methodology Domain Ontology (CHAMEO) - An ontology for materials characterization which represents the evolution of the CHADA template in an ontological form, allowing to generate FAIR documentation of Characterisation Experiments and that has been used as a basis for the development of a number of technique-specific or application-specific ontologies in the materials characterisation domain. CHAMEO has been used as a foundation for the definition of the new CHADA template during the CWA. - https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-8508, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-6961 + + BattINFO + Battery Interface Ontology (BattINFO) + BattINFO is a foundational resource for harmonizing battery knowledge representation and enhancing data interoperability. The primary objective is to provide the necessary tools to create FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) battery data that can be integrated into the Semantic Web. TTL - 2024-04-12 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-characterisation-methodology + https://github.com/BIG-MAP/BattINFO Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 1.0.0 - - - OBOE - Extensible Observation Ontology (OBOE) - The Extensible Observation Ontology (OBOE) is a formal ontology for capturing the semantics of scientific observation and measurement. The ontology supports researchers to add detailed semantic annotations to scientific data, thereby clarifying the inherent meaning of scientific observations. - The Regents of the University of California - OWL - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/OBOE - Scholarly Knowledge - Scientific Observation - 1.2 - - - RO - Relation Ontology (RO) - The Relations Ontology (RO) is a collection of OWL relations (ObjectProperties) intended for use across a wide variety of biological ontologies. - OWL - 2024-04-24 - CC0 - http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl - General Knowledge - Relations - 2024-04-24 GoodRelations @@ -241,78 +219,6 @@ E-commerce 1.0 - - Nomisma - Nomisma Ontology (Nomisma) - Nomisma Ontology is a collaborative project to provide stable digital representations of numismatic concepts according to the principles of Linked Open Data. These take the form of http URIs that provide access to the information about a concept in various formats. The project is a collaborative effort of the American Numismatic Society and the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World at New York University. - American Numismatic Society, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World - TTL - 2025-01-22 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.dainst.org/forschung/projekte/noslug/2098 - Arts and Humanities - Numismatics - - - GeoNames - GeoNames Ontology (GeoNames) - The Geonames ontologies provides elements of description for geographical features, in particular those defined in the geonames.org database. - Bernard Vatant - RDF - 2022-01-30 - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://www.geonames.org/ontology - Geography - Geographic Knowledge - 3.3 - - - OIEModels - Open Innovation Environment Models (OIEModels) - The models module defines models as semiotic signs that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape or by sharing a similar logical structure. - Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro - TTL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials - - - RXNO - Reaction Ontology (RXNO) - RXNO is the name reaction ontology. It contains more than 500 classes representing organic reactions such as the Diels–Alder cyclization. - OWL - 2021-12-16 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/rsc-ontologies/rxno - Chemistry - - - PRIMA - PRovenance Information in MAterials science (PRIMA) - An ontology that captures the provenance information in the materials science domain. - Ahmad Zainul Ihsan, Mehrdad Jalali, Rossella Aversa - TTL - 2024-01-29 - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) - https://materials-data-science-and-informatics.github.io/MDMC-NEP-top-level-ontology/PRIMA/complete/ver_2_0/index.html - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 2.0 - - - TUBES - TUBES System Ontology (TUBES) - The scope of the TUBES System Ontology is to explicitly define interconnected building service system in the AECO industry, their hierarchical subdivisions, structural and functional aspects, and links to spatial entities. As such, TSO supports the effort to represent linkable information in a future semantic web of building data. It has a strong alignment to other ontologies within the W3C community. - Nicolas Pauen - RDF - 2022-02-01 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://rwth-e3d.github.io/tso/ - Industry - Building Services - 0.3.0 - BBCCreativeWork BBC Creative Work Ontology (BBCCreativeWork) @@ -326,458 +232,290 @@ Creative Work 1.19 - - MOLTENSILE - Matolab Tensile Test Ontology (MOL_TENSILE) - An ontology for describing the tensile test process, made in the Materials Open Lab Project. - Markus Schilling, markus.schilling@bam.de; Philipp von Hartrott, philipp.von.hartrott@iwm.fraunhofer.de - RDF - 04/16/2021 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://matportal.org/ontologies/MOL_TENSILE - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Testings - 0.4 - - - DOAP - The Description of a Project vocabulary (DOAP) - The Description of a Project vocabulary (DOAP), described using W3C RDF Schema and the Web Ontology Language to describe software projects, and in particular open source projects. - Edd Wilder-James - RDF - 2020-04-03 - Apache License 2.0 - https://github.com/ewilderj/doap/blob/master/schema/doap.rdf - Industry - Software - - - SIOC - Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities (SIOC) - The SIOC (Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities) Ontology is an ontology for describing the information in online communities. This includes sites that support online discussions, blogging, file sharing, photo sharing, social networking, etc. - Data Science Institute, NUI Galway + + TimelineOntology + Timeline Ontology (TimelineOntology) + The Timeline Ontology is centered around the notion of timeline, seen here as a way to identify a temporal backbone. A timeline may support a signal, a video, a score, a work, etc. + Christopher Sutton, Yves Raimond, Matthias Mauch RDF - 2018/02/28 - Creative Commons 3.0 - http://rdfs.org/sioc/spec/ - Social Sciences - Social Networks - 1.36 + 25th October 2007 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://github.com/motools/timelineontology + Arts and Humanities + Music Theory + 1.0 - - PATO - Phenotype and Trait Ontology (PATO) - An ontology of phenotypic qualities (properties, attributes or characteristics). + + SIO + Semanticscience Integrated Ontology (SIO) + The semanticscience integrated ontology (SIO) provides a simple, integrated upper level ontology (types, relations) for consistent knowledge representation across physical, processual and informational entities. This project provides foundational support for the Bio2RDF (http://bio2rdf.org) and SADI (http://sadiframework.org) projects. + M. Dumontier OWL - 2025-02-01 + 03/25/2024 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/PATO - Biology and Life Sciences - Biology - 1.2 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/SIO + Upper Ontology + Basic + 1.59 - - PKO - Provenance Knowledge Ontology (PKO) - Procedural Knowledge (PK) is knowing how to perform some tasks, as opposed to descriptive/declarative knowledge, which is knowing what in terms of facts and notions. In industry, PK refers in general to structured processes to be followed, and can be related to both production (e.g., procedure on the production line in a plant) and services (e.g., procedure for troubleshooting during customer support); to specific technical expertise (e.g., procedure to set up a specific machine) and general regulations and best practices (e.g., safety procedures, activities to minimise environmental impact). - Mario Scrocca (Cefriel), Valentina Carriero (Cefriel) + + DCAT + Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) + Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the Web. This document defines the schema and provides examples for its use. DCAT enables a publisher to describe datasets and data services in a catalog using a standard model and vocabulary that facilitates the consumption and aggregation of metadata from multiple catalogs. This can increase the discoverability of datasets and data services. It also makes it possible to have a decentralized approach to publishing data catalogs and makes federated search for datasets across catalogs in multiple sites possible using the same query mechanism and structure. Aggregated DCAT metadata can serve as a manifest file as part of the digital preservation process. + Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI) RDF - 2025-03-01 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/perks-project/pk-ontology/tree/master - Industry - Provenance - 1.0.0 - - - MDO - Materials Design Ontology (MDO) - MDO is an ontology for materials design field, representing the domain knowledge specifically related to solid-state physics and computational materials science. - Materials Design Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) - OWL - 2022-08-02 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/LiUSemWeb/Materials-Design-Ontology/tree/master/ + 22 August 2024 + W3C Document License + https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/ + Scholarly Knowledge + Data Catalogs + 3.0 + + + MSLE + Material Science Lab Equipment Ontology (MSLE) + The current ontology describes Material Science Lab Equipment. + TTL + Sep 15, 2022 + https://github.com/MehrdadJalali-AI/MSLE-Ontology Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Design + Materials Science 1.1 - - OM - Ontology of Units of Measure (OM) - The Ontology of units of Measure (OM) models concepts and relations important to scientific research. It has a strong focus on units, quantities, measurements, and dimensions. It includes, for instance, common units such as the SI units metre and kilogram, but also units from other systems of units such as the mile or nautical mile. For many application areas it includes more specific units and quantities, such as the unit of the Hubble constant or the quantity vaselife. The following application areas are supported by OM: Geometry; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Electromagnetism; Fluid mechanics; Chemical physics; Photometry; Radiometry and Radiobiology; Nuclear physics; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Cosmology; Earth science; Meteorology; Material science; Microbiology; Economics; Information technology and Typography. - Hajo Rijgersberg, Don Willems, Jan Top + + EURIO + EUropean Research Information Ontology (EURIO) + EURIO (EUropean Research Information Ontology) conceptualises, formally encodes and makes available in an open, structured and machine-readable format data about resarch projects funded by the EU's framework programmes for research and innovation. + Publications Office of the European Commission RDF - June 28, 2024 + 2023-10-19 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/OM - Units and Measurements - 2.0.57 - - - QUDV - Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Values (QUDV) - The SysML QUDV (Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Values) modelLibrary is specified in a UML/SysML class/block diagram. In order to generalize its potential usage and alignment with other standardization efforts concerning quantities and units, it is of interest to verify that the QUDV model can also be represented in the form of an ontology using a formal ontology definition language. - SysML - OWL - 2009-10-30 - Apache License 2.0 - https://www.omgwiki.org/OMGSysML/doku.php?id=sysml-qudv:qudv_owl - Units and Measurements - 2009-10-30 + https://op.europa.eu/de/web/eu-vocabularies/dataset/-/resource?uri=http://publications.europa.eu/resource/dataset/eurio + Scholarly Knowledge + Research Information + 2.4 - - BBCBusiness - BBC Business News Ontology (BBCBusiness) - The Business News Ontology describes the concepts that occur in BBC business news. - https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/internet/authors/Jeremy_Tarling, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/amaalmohamed - TTL - 2014-11-09 + + GIST + GIST Upper Ontology (GIST) + Gist is Semantic Arts' minimalist upper ontology for the enterprise. It is designed to have the maximum coverage of typical business ontology concepts with the fewest number of primitives and the least amount of ambiguity. + Semantic Arts + RDF + 2024-Feb-27 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/business-news-ontology - News and Media - Business News - 0.5 + https://semanticarts.com/gist + General Knowledge + Upper Ontology + 12.1.0 - - CIFCore - Crystallographic Information Framework Core Dictionary (CIFCore) - (1) to explain the historical development of CIF dictionaries to define in a machine-actionable manner the contents of data files covering various aspects of crystallography and related structural sciences; (2) to demonstrate some of the more complex types of information that can be handled with this approach. + + MOLBRINELL + MatoLab Brinell Test Ontology (MOL_BRINELL) + An ontology for describing the Brinell hardness testing process, made in the Materials Open Lab Project. + Birgit Skrotzki, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Philipp von Hartrott, Vinicius Carrillo Beber, Yue Chen TTL - May 24, 2023 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/CIF-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.1.0 - - - EMMO - The Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) - The Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) is the result of a multidisciplinary effort within the EMMC, aimed at the development of a standard representational ontology framework based on current materials modelling and characterization knowledge. Instead of starting from general upper level concepts, as done by other ontologies, the EMMO development started from the very bottom level, using the actual picture of the physical world coming from applied sciences, and in particular from physics and material sciences. - European Materials Modelling Council (EMMC) - OWL - 2024-03 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://emmo-repo.github.io/ + 05/05/2022 + https://matportal.org/ontologies/MOL_BRINELL Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Modelling - 1.0.0-rc3 - - - FAIR - FAIR Vocabulary (FAIR) - This is the formal vocabulary (ontology) describing the FAIR principles. - OWL - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/FAIR - Upper Ontology - Data, Metadata + Materials Testing + 0.1 - - PreMOn - Pre-Modern Ontology (PreMOn) - The PreMOn Ontology is an extension of lemon (W3C Ontology Lexicon Community Group, 2015) for representing predicate models and their mappings. The Core Module of the PreMOn Ontology defines the main abstractions for modelling semantic classes with their semantic roles, mappings between different predicate models, and annotations. - Francesco Corcoglioniti, Marco Rospocher <https://dkm.fbk.eu/rospocher> + + CHEMINF + Chemical Information Ontology (CHEMINF) + The chemical information ontology (cheminf) describes information entities about chemical entities. It provides qualitative and quantitative attributes to richly describe chemicals. Includes terms for the descriptors commonly used in cheminformatics software applications and the algorithms which generate them. + Egon Willighagen, Nina Jeliazkova, Ola Spjuth, Valery Tkachenko OWL - 2018-02-15 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core# - Scholarly Knowledge - Linguistics - 2018a + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/CHEMINF + Chemistry + 2.1.0 - - OEO - The Open Energy Ontology (OEO) - The Open Energy Ontology (OEO) is a domain ontology of the energy system analysis context. It is developed as part of the Open Energy Family. The OEO is published on GitHub under an open source license. The language used is the Manchester OWL Syntax, which was chosen because it is user-friendly for editing and viewing differences of edited files. The OEO is constantly being extended. The first version of the OEO has been released on June 11th 2020. A Steering Committee (OEO-SC) was created to accompany the development, increase awareness of the ontology and include it in current projects. + + SWO + Software Ontology (SWO) + The Software Ontology (SWO) is a resource for describing software tools, their types, tasks, versions, provenance and associated data. It contains detailed information on licensing and formats as well as software applications themselves, mainly (but not limited) to the bioinformatics community. + Allyson Lister, Andy Brown, Duncan Hull, Helen Parkinson, James Malone, Jon Ison, Nandini Badarinarayan, Robert Stevens OWL - 03/2025 - Creative Commons Attribution 1.0 Generic (CC BY 1.0) - https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/ontology?tab=readme-ov-file - Ecology and Environment - Energy - 2.7.0 - - - Framester - Framester Ontology (Framester) - Framester is a a frame-based ontological resource acting as a hub between linguistic resources such as FrameNet, WordNet, VerbNet, BabelNet, DBpedia, Yago, DOLCE-Zero, and leveraging this wealth of links to create an interoperable predicate space formalized according to frame semantics and semiotics. Framester uses WordNet and FrameNet at its core, expands it to other resources transitively, and represents them in a formal version of frame semantics. - Aldo Gangemi - RDF - 19-04-2016 + 2013-07-01 Creative Commons 4.0 - http://150.146.207.114/lode/extract?url=http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/framester/framester.owl + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SWO Scholarly Knowledge - Linguistics + Software 1.0 - - BBCStoryline - BBC Storyline Ontology (BBCStoryline) - The News Storyline Ontology is a generic model for describing and organising the stories news organisations tell. The ontology is intended to be flexible to support any given news or media publisher's approach to handling news stories. At the heart of the ontology, is the concept of Storyline. As a nuance of the English language the word 'story' has multiple meanings. In news organisations, a story can be an individual piece of content, such as an article or news report. It can also be the editorial view on events occurring in the world. - http://uk.linkedin.com/in/paulwilton, http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/internet/authors/Jeremy_Tarling, http://uk.linkedin.com/in/jarredmcginnis + + AMOntology + Additive Manufacturing Ontology (AMOntology) + The AM ontology has been developed following two major milestones. The ontology developed within the first milestone includes AMProcessOntology, ModelOntology and AMOntology files. AMProcessOntology contains the set of entities used to capture knowledge about additive manufacturing processes. ModelOntology contains the set of entities used to capture knowledge about modeling concepts that represent (possibly) multi-physics multi-scale processes. AMOntology uses AMProcessOntology and ModelOntology files to describe entities that capture knowledge about characteristics of computational models for AM processes. + Iassou Souroko, Ali Riza Durmaz TTL - 2013-05-01 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://iptc.org/thirdparty/bbc-ontologies/storyline.html - News and Media - Storyline - 0.3 - - - AUTO - Automotive Ontology (AUTO) - The AUTOMOTIVE ONTOLOGY (AUTO) defines the shared conceptual structures in the automotive industry. It is an OWL ontology. It is built upon the auto schema.org extension created by the W3C Automotive Ontology Community Group. AUTO's development process follows the best practices established by the EDMC FIBO Community. - EDM Council - RDF - 2021-03-01 - MIT - https://github.com/edmcouncil/auto/tree/master - Industry - Automotive - - - PROV - PROV Ontology (PROV-O) - The PROV Ontology (PROV-O) expresses the PROV Data Model [PROV-DM] using the OWL2 Web Ontology Language (OWL2) [OWL2-OVERVIEW]. It provides a set of classes, properties, and restrictions that can be used to represent and interchange provenance information generated in different systems and under different contexts. It can also be specialized to create new classes and properties to model provenance information for different applications and domains. The PROV Document Overview describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents. - OWL - 2013-04-30 - W3C Software License - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/PROV - General Knowledge - General - 2013-04-30 - - - PeriodicTable - Periodic Table of the Elements Ontology (PeriodicTable) - PeriodicTable.owl is a representation of the Periodic Table of the Elements in the OWL Web Ontology Language. It provides reference data to support Semantic Web applications in chemistry and related disciplines. - Michael Cook - OWL - 2004/02/05 - https://www.daml.org/2003/01/periodictable/ + 2023-05-10 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/iassouroko/AMontology Materials Science and Engineering - Periodic Table of Elements - 1.10 - - - MGED - MGED Ontology (MGED) - An ontology for microarray experiments in support of MAGE v.1. Concepts, definitions, terms, and resources for standardized description of a microarray experiment in support of MAGE v.1. The MGED ontology is divided into the MGED Core ontology which is intended to be stable and in synch with MAGE v.1; and the MGED Extended ontology which adds further associations and classes not found in MAGE v.1 - Chris Stoeckert, Helen Parkinson, Trish Whetzel, Paul Spellman, Catherine A. Ball, Joseph White, John Matese, Liju Fan, Gilberto Fragoso, Mervi Heiskanen, Susanna Sansone, Helen Causton, Laurence Game, Chris Taylor - OWL - Feb. 9, 2007 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://mged.sourceforge.net/ontologies/MGEDontology.php/ - Biology and Life Sciences - Domain Ontology - 1.3.1.1 - - - EFO - Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) - The Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) provides a systematic description of many experimental variables available in EBI databases, and for projects such as the GWAS catalog. It combines parts of several biological ontologies, such as UBERON anatomy, ChEBI chemical compounds, and Cell Ontology. The scope of EFO is to support the annotation, analysis and visualization of data handled by many groups at the EBI and as the core ontology for Open Targets. EFO is developed by the EMBL-EBI Samples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT). - OWL - 2025-02-17 - Apache 2.0 - https://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo - Biology and Life Sciences - Biology - 3.75.0 - - - ICON - Icon Ontology (ICON) - The ICON ontology deals with high granularity art interpretation. It was developed by conceptualizing Panofsky's theory of levels of interpretation, therefore artworks can be described according to Pre-iconographical, Iconographical and Iconological information. - Knowledge Media Institute - OWL - April 26th, 2024 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://w3id.org/icon/ontology/ - Arts and Humanities - Art History, Cultural Heritage - 2.1.0 - - - BioPAX - Biological Pathways Exchange (BioPAX) - BioPAX is a standard language that aims to enable integration, exchange, visualization and analysis of biological pathway data. Specifically, BioPAX supports data exchange between pathway data groups and thus reduces the complexity of interchange between data formats by providing an accepted standard format for pathway data. - OWL - 16 April 2015 - http://www.biopax.org/ - Biology and Life Sciences - Bioinformatics + Manufacturing 1.0 - - QUDT - Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Data Types (QUDT) - QUDT is an advocate for the development and implementation of standards to quantify data expressed in RDF and JSON. - NASA Ames Research Center + + AS2 + Activity Streams 2.0 Ontology (AS2) + The Activity Streams 2.0 ontology is a vocabulary for describing social activities and actions. It is based on the Activity Streams 2.0 specification and provides a set of classes and properties for describing activities on the web. TTL - March 1, 2022 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://qudt.org/ - Units and Measurements - Physics - 2.1 - - - NPO - NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) - NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) is developed within the framework of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), and implemented in the Ontology Web Language (OWL) using well-defined ontology design principles. The NPO was developed to represent knowledge underlying the preparation, chemical composition, and characterization of nanomaterials involved in cancer research. Public releases of the NPO are available through BioPortal website, maintained by the National Center for Biomedical Ontology. Mechanisms for editorial and governance processes are being developed for the maintenance, review, and growth of the NPO. - Dennis G. Thomas - OWL - 2013-05-31 - BSD-3-Clause license - https://github.com/sobolevnrm/npo?tab=readme-ov-file - Biology and Life Sciences - Materials Science - 2013-05-31 - - - Conference - Conference Ontology (Conference) - The conference-ontology is a new self-contained ontology for modeling knowledge about conferences. The conference-ontology adopts the best ontology design practices (e.g., Ontology Design Patterns, ontology reuse and interlinking) and guarantees interoperability with SWC ontology and all other pertinent vocabularies. - Aldo Gangemi et al. - OWL - 2016/04/30 - Creative Commons 3.0 - http://www.scholarlydata.org/ontology/conference-ontology.owl - Events - Conferences + 23 May 2017 + W3C Document License + https://github.com/w3c/activitystreams?tab=License-1-ov-file#readme + Social Sciences + Social + 2.0 - - DISO - Dislocation Ontology (DISO) - DISO is an ontology that defines the linear defect, in particular dislocation concepts and relations between them in crystalline materials. - Ahmad Zainul Ihsan - OWL - 21.03.202 - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International (CC BY 3.0) - https://github.com/Materials-Data-Science-and-Informatics/dislocation-ontology + + PRIMA + PRovenance Information in MAterials science (PRIMA) + An ontology that captures the provenance information in the materials science domain. + Ahmad Zainul Ihsan, Mehrdad Jalali, Rossella Aversa + TTL + 2024-01-29 + Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) + https://materials-data-science-and-informatics.github.io/MDMC-NEP-top-level-ontology/PRIMA/complete/ver_2_0/index.html Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 1.0 - - - ENM - Environmental Noise Measurement Ontology (ENM) - The eNanoMapper project (https://www.enanomapper.net/), NanoCommons project (https://www.nanocommons.eu/) and ACEnano project (http://acenano-project.eu/) are creating a pan-European computational infrastructure for toxicological data management for ENMs, based on semantic web standards and ontologies. This ontology is an application ontology targeting the full domain of nanomaterial safety assessment. It re-uses several other ontologies including the NPO, CHEMINF, ChEBI, and ENVO. - eNanoMapper Consortium - OWL - 2025-02-17 - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/ENM - Medicine - Material Science and Engineering - 10.0 - - - DEB - Devices, Experimental scaffolds and Biomaterials Ontology (DEB) - The devices, experimental scaffolds, and biomaterials ontology (DEB) is an open resource for organizing information about biomaterials, their design, manufacture, and biological testing. It was developed using text analysis for identifying ontology terms from a biomaterials gold standard corpus, systematically curated to represent the domain's lexicon. Topics covered were validated by members of the biomaterials research community. - Osnat Hakimi - OWL - Jun 2, 2021 - GPL-3.0 - https://github.com/ProjectDebbie/Ontology_DEB - Medicine - Biomaterials - 06/2021 + 2.0 - - GO - Gene Ontology (GO) - The Gene Ontology (GO) Provides structured controlled vocabularies for the annotation of gene products with respect to their molecular function, cellular component, and biological role. + + MarineTLO + Marine Taxonomy and Life Ontology (MarineTLO) + MarineTLO is a top level ontology, generic enough to provide consistent abstractions or specifications of concepts included in all data models or ontologies of marine data sources and provide the necessary properties to make this distributed knowledge base a coherent source of facts relating observational data with the respective spatiotemporal context and categorical (systematic) domain knowledge. It can be used as the core schema for publishing Linked Data, as well as for setting up integration systems for the marine domain. It can be extended to any level of detail on demand, while preserving monotonicity. For its development and evolution we have adopted an iterative and incremental methodology where a new version is released every two months. For the implementation we use OWL 2, and to evaluate it we use a set of competency queries, formulating the domain requirements provided by the related communities. + Information System Laboratory (ISL), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH) OWL - 2024-11-03 + 2017-01-05 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://geneontology.org/docs/download-ontology/ + https://projects.ics.forth.gr/isl/MarineTLO/ Biology and Life Sciences - Molecular Biology, Genetics + Marine Science, Oceanography + 1.0 - - LPBFO - Laser Powder Bed Fusion Ontology (LPBFO) - The LPBF Ontology can be used to describe the additive manufacturing of a component via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) / Selective Laser Melting (SLM). The ontology builds on BFO2.0 and BWMD_mid and has been developed to be used in conjunction with the digital workflows provided by Fraunhofer IWM. If possible, the terminology within this ontology was used as provided by ISO/ASTM 52900:2015. Recently, classes relevant for Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) were added that enable sustainability assessment. - Fraunhofer IWM + + FoodOn + Food Ontology (FoodON) + FoodOn, the food ontology, contains vocabulary for naming food materials and their anatomical and taxonomic origins, from raw harvested food to processed food products, for humans and domesticated animals. It provides a neutral and ontology-driven standard for government agencies, industry, nonprofits and consumers to name and reference food products and their components throughout the food supply chain. OWL - 2022-09-20 + 2025-01-16 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://matportal.org/ontologies/LPBFO + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/foodon.owl + Agriculture + Diet, Metabolomics, and Nutrition + + + CDCO + Crystallographic Defect Core Ontology (CDCO) + CDCO defines the common terminology shared across all types of crystallographic defects, providing a unified framework for data integration in materials science. + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 + OWL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/OCDO/cdco Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 1.1.9 - - - GIST - GIST Upper Ontology (GIST) - Gist is Semantic Arts' minimalist upper ontology for the enterprise. It is designed to have the maximum coverage of typical business ontology concepts with the fewest number of primitives and the least amount of ambiguity. - Semantic Arts - RDF - 2024-Feb-27 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://semanticarts.com/gist - General Knowledge - Upper Ontology - 12.1.0 + 1.0.0 - - FRAPO - Funding, Research Administration and Projects Ontology (FRAPO) - The Funding, Research Administration and Projects Ontology (FRAPO) is an ontology for describing the administrative information of research projects, e.g., grant applications, funding bodies, project partners, etc. - David Shotton - RDF + + BBCSport + BBC Sport Ontology (BBCSport) + The Sport Ontology is a simple lightweight ontology for publishing data about competitive sports events. The terms in this ontology allow data to be published about: The structure of sports tournaments as a series of eventsThe competing of agents in a competitionThe type of discipline a event involvesThe award associated with the competition and how received it...etc Whilst it originates in a specific BBC use case, the Sport Ontology should be applicable to a wide range of competitive sporting events data publishing use cases. Care has been taken to try and ensure interoperability with more general ontologies in use. In particular, it draws heavily upon the events ontology. + https://uk.linkedin.com/pub/jem-rayfield/27/b19/757, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/paulwilton, https://www.blockslabpillar.com, https://www.linkedin.com/in/tfgrahame, https://uk.linkedin.com/pub/stuart-williams/8/684/351, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/brianwmcbride + TTL Creative Commons 4.0 - http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/frapo - Scholarly Knowledge - Administration + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport-ontology + News and Media + Sport + 3.2 - - HPOnt - The Heat Pump Ontology (HPOnt) - The Heat Pump Ontology (HPOnt) aims to formalize and represent all the relevant information of Heat Pumps. The HPOnt has been developed as part of the REACT project which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 824395. - REACT project team + + NCIt + NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) + NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) is a reference terminology that includes broad coverage of the cancer domain, including cancer related diseases, findings and abnormalities. The NCIt OBO Edition aims to increase integration of the NCIt with OBO Library ontologies. NCIt OBO Edition releases should be considered experimental. OWL + 2023-10-19 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://react2020.github.io/REACT-ONTOLOGY/HPOnt/index-en.html/ - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.2 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/NCIT + Medicine + Cancer, Oncology + 24.04e - - SEPIO - Scientific Evidence and Provenance Information Ontology (SEPIO) - The SEPIO ontology is in its early stages of development, undergoing iterative refinement as new requirements emerge and alignment with existing standards is explored. The SEPIO core file imports two files which can be resolved at the URLs below: IAO ontology-metadata import: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/monarch-initiative/SEPIO-ontology/master/src/ontology/imports/ontology-metadata.owl bfo mireot: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/monarch-initiative/SEPIO-ontology/master/src/ontology/mireots/bfo-mireot.owl + + NPO + NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) + NanoParticle Ontology (NPO) is developed within the framework of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), and implemented in the Ontology Web Language (OWL) using well-defined ontology design principles. The NPO was developed to represent knowledge underlying the preparation, chemical composition, and characterization of nanomaterials involved in cancer research. Public releases of the NPO are available through BioPortal website, maintained by the National Center for Biomedical Ontology. Mechanisms for editorial and governance processes are being developed for the maintenance, review, and growth of the NPO. + Dennis G. Thomas OWL - 2015-02-23 + 2013-05-31 + BSD-3-Clause license + https://github.com/sobolevnrm/npo?tab=readme-ov-file + Biology and Life Sciences + Materials Science + 2013-05-31 + + + OIEModels + Open Innovation Environment Models (OIEModels) + The models module defines models as semiotic signs that stands for an object by resembling or imitating it, in shape or by sharing a similar logical structure. + Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro + TTL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials + + + AIISO + Academic Institution Internal Structure Ontology (AIISO) + The Academic Institution Internal Structure Ontology (AIISO) provides classes and properties to describe the internal organizational structure of an academic institution. AIISO is designed to work in partnership with Participation (http://purl.org/vocab/participation/schema), FOAF (http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/) and aiiso-roles (http://purl.org/vocab/aiiso-roles/schema) to describe the roles that people play within an institution. + Open University + RDF + 2008-05-14 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SEPIO + https://vocab.org/aiiso/ Scholarly Knowledge - Scientific Evidence + Academic Institution + 1.0 - - MOP - Molecular Process Ontology (MOP) - MOP is the molecular process ontology. It contains the molecular processes that underlie the name reaction ontology RXNO, for example cyclization, methylation and demethylation. + + CHIRO + CHEBI Integrated Role Ontology (CHIRO) + CHEBI provides a distinct role hierarchy. Chemicals in the structural hierarchy are connected via a 'has role' relation. CHIRO provides links from these roles to useful other classes in other ontologies. This will allow direct connection between chemical structures (small molecules, drugs) and what they do. This could be formalized using 'capable of', in the same way Uberon and the Cell Ontology link structures to processes. OWL - 2022-05-11 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/MOP + 2015-11-23 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/chiro Chemistry - Chemistry, Molecular Biology - 2022-05-11 + Chemicals, Roles + 2015-11-23 - - MicroStructures - EMMO-based ontology for microstructures (MicroStructures) - This is intended to be a domain ontology for metallic microstructures, covering aspects like: composition, particles, both stable (primary) and metastable (precipitates), grains, subgrains, grain boundaries & particle free zones (PFZs), texture, dislocations. The aim is to support both microstructure modelling as well as characterisation. + + EDAM + The ontology of data analysis and management (EDAM) + EDAM is a domain ontology of data analysis and data management in bio- and other sciences, and science-based applications. It comprises concepts related to analysis, modelling, optimisation, and data life cycle. Targetting usability by diverse users, the structure of EDAM is relatively simple, divided into 4 main sections: Topic, Operation, Data (incl. Identifier), and Format. + Federico Bianchini, Hervé Ménager, Jon Ison, Matúš Kalaš OWL - https://github.com/jesper-friis/emmo-microstructure + 24.09.2024 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/edam + General Knowledge + General + 1.25-20240924T0027Z-unstable(1.26) + + + MatVoc + Materials Vocabulary (MatVoc) + The official ontology produced in the context of the STREAM project. + Tatyana Sheveleva, Javad Chamanara + RDF + 2022-12-12 + MIT License + https://stream-project.github.io/#overv Materials Science and Engineering - Microstructure + Materials Science + 1.0.0 DBO @@ -792,104 +530,102 @@ Building Information 0.0.1 - - BBCWildlife - BBC Wildlife Ontology (BBCWildlife) - A simple vocabulary for describing biological species and related taxa. The vocabulary defines terms for describing the names and ranking of taxa, as well as providing support for describing their habitats, conservation status, and behavioural characteristics, etc. - https://www.ldodds.com#me, http://tomscott.name/ - TTL - 2013/12/18 + + MusicOntology + Music Ontology (MusicOntology) + The Music Ontology Specification provides main concepts and properties fo describing music (i.e. artists, albums and tracks) on the Semantic Web. + Knowledge Media Institute, Open University + RDF + 2013/07/22 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/wildlife-ontology - News and Media - Wildlife - 1.1 - - - VIMMP - Virtual Materials Marketplace Ontologies (VIMMP) - The Virtual Materials Marketplace (VIMMP) project is developing an open platform for providing and accessing services related to materials modelling. Within VIMMP, a system of marketplace-level ontologies is developed to characterize services, models, and interactions between users; the European Materials and Modelling Ontology (EMMO, recently renamed while keeping the original acronym) is employed as a top-level ontology. The ontologies are used to annotate data that are stored in the ZONTAL Space component of VIMMP and to support the ingest and retrieval of data and metadata at the VIMMP marketplace front-end. - Ilian T. Todorov, Martin Thomas Horsch, Michael A. Seaton, Silvia Chiacchiera - OWL - 2021-01-02 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://matportal.org/ontologies/VIMMP_ONTOLOGIES - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Modeling + https://github.com/motools/musicontology + Arts and Humanities + Music Theory + 2.1.5 - - OIESoftware - Open Innovation Environment Software (OIESoftware) - EMMO-compliant, domain-level OIE ontology tackling the areas of software products. - Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro - TTL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials - 0.1 + + Hydra + Hydra Ontology (Hydra) + Hydra is a lightweight vocabulary to create hypermedia-driven Web APIs. By specifying a number of concepts commonly used in Web APIs it enables the creation of generic API clients. + Hydra W3C Community Group + JSONLD + 13 July 2021 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.hydra-cg.com/spec/latest/core/#references + Web and Internet + Web Development - - BMO - Building Material Ontology (BMO) - Building Material Ontology defines the main concepts of building material, types, layers, and properties. - Janakiram Karlapudi, Prathap Valluru - TTL - 2019-12-10 + + CMSO + Computational Material Sample Ontology (CMSO) + CMSO is an ontology that aims to describe computational materials science samples (or structures), including crystalline defects. Initially focusing on the description at the atomic scale. + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 + OWL Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://matportal.org/ontologies/BUILDMAT - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials - 0.1 - - - MOLBRINELL - MatoLab Brinell Test Ontology (MOL_BRINELL) - An ontology for describing the Brinell hardness testing process, made in the Materials Open Lab Project. - Birgit Skrotzki, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Philipp von Hartrott, Vinicius Carrillo Beber, Yue Chen - TTL - 05/05/2022 - https://matportal.org/ontologies/MOL_BRINELL + https://github.com/OCDO/cmso/tree/main Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Testing - 0.1 + Materials Science + 0.0.1 - - DCAT - Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) - Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) is an RDF vocabulary designed to facilitate interoperability between data catalogs published on the Web. This document defines the schema and provides examples for its use. DCAT enables a publisher to describe datasets and data services in a catalog using a standard model and vocabulary that facilitates the consumption and aggregation of metadata from multiple catalogs. This can increase the discoverability of datasets and data services. It also makes it possible to have a decentralized approach to publishing data catalogs and makes federated search for datasets across catalogs in multiple sites possible using the same query mechanism and structure. Aggregated DCAT metadata can serve as a manifest file as part of the digital preservation process. - Digital Enterprise Research Institute (DERI) - RDF - 22 August 2024 - W3C Document License - https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-dcat-3/ - Scholarly Knowledge - Data Catalogs - 3.0 + + OEO + The Open Energy Ontology (OEO) + The Open Energy Ontology (OEO) is a domain ontology of the energy system analysis context. It is developed as part of the Open Energy Family. The OEO is published on GitHub under an open source license. The language used is the Manchester OWL Syntax, which was chosen because it is user-friendly for editing and viewing differences of edited files. The OEO is constantly being extended. The first version of the OEO has been released on June 11th 2020. A Steering Committee (OEO-SC) was created to accompany the development, increase awareness of the ontology and include it in current projects. + OWL + 03/2025 + Creative Commons Attribution 1.0 Generic (CC BY 1.0) + https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/ontology?tab=readme-ov-file + Ecology and Environment + Energy + 2.7.0 - - MAT - Material Properties Ontology (MAT) - The Material Properties Ontology aims to provide the vocabulary to describe the building components, materials, and their corresponding properties, relevant within the construction industry. More specifically, the building elements and properties covered in this ontology support applications focused on the design of building renovation projects. - María Poveda-Villalón, Serge Chávez-Feria + + OM + Ontology of Units of Measure (OM) + The Ontology of units of Measure (OM) models concepts and relations important to scientific research. It has a strong focus on units, quantities, measurements, and dimensions. It includes, for instance, common units such as the SI units metre and kilogram, but also units from other systems of units such as the mile or nautical mile. For many application areas it includes more specific units and quantities, such as the unit of the Hubble constant or the quantity vaselife. The following application areas are supported by OM: Geometry; Mechanics; Thermodynamics; Electromagnetism; Fluid mechanics; Chemical physics; Photometry; Radiometry and Radiobiology; Nuclear physics; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Cosmology; Earth science; Meteorology; Material science; Microbiology; Economics; Information technology and Typography. + Hajo Rijgersberg, Don Willems, Jan Top RDF + June 28, 2024 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bimerr.iot.linkeddata.es/def/material-properties/ - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Properties - 0.0.8 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/OM + Units and Measurements + 2.0.57 - - OntoCAPE - Ontology of Computer-Aided Process Engineering (OntoCAPE) - OntoCAPE is a large-scale ontology for the domain of Computer Aided Process Engineering (CAPE). Represented in a formal, machine-interpretable ontology language, OntoCAPE captures consensual knowledge of the process engineering domain in a generic way such that it can be reused and shared by groups of people and across software systems. On the basis of OntoCAPE, novel software support for various engineering activities can be developed; possible applications include the systematic management and retrieval of simulation models and design documents, electronic procurement of plant equipment, mathematical modeling, as well as the integration of design data from distributed sources. - RWTH Aachen University - OWL - GNU General Public License. - https://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/avt/forschung/sonstiges/software/~ipts/ontocape/?lidx=1 + + MDS + Materials Data Science Ontology (MDS) + Materials Data Science (MDS) is an ontology encompassing multiple domains relevant to materials science, chemical synthesis and characterizations, photovoltaics and geospatial datasets. The terms used for classes, subclasses and instances are mapped to PMDCo and BFO Ontologies. + SDLE Research Center + TTL + 03/24/2024 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://matportal.org/ontologies/MDS Materials Science and Engineering - Manufacturing - 2.0 + Materials Science + 0.3.0.0 + + + EXPO + Ontology of Scientific Experiments (EXPO) + Formalise generic knowledge about scientific experimental design, methodology, and results representation. + OWL + Academic Free License (AFL) + https://expo.sourceforge.net/ + Scholarly Knowledge + Scientific Experiments + + + YAGO + YAGO Ontology (YAGO) + YAGO is a large semantic knowledge base, derived from Wikipedia, WordNet, and GeoNames. It contains knowledge about more than 10 million entities and contains more than 120 million facts about these entities. YAGO is special in several ways: It has a clean taxonomy, which was manually built, and it is the only knowledge base with such a large coverage, the clean taxonomy, and the extraction from Wikipedia, WordNet, and GeoNames. + Max Planck Institute for Informatics + TTL + April, 2024 + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://yago-knowledge.org/downloads/yago-4-5 + General Knowledge + People, Cities, Countries, Movies, Organizations + 4.5 ChordOntology @@ -904,171 +640,345 @@ Musical Works 1.0 - - NanoMine - NanoMine Ontology (NanoMine) - Polymer Nanocomposites based ontology which enable researchers to develop and test broad-reaching hypotheses about how inter-relationships between different materials processing methods and composition result in specific changes in material properties. - TTL - APACHE 2.0 - https://github.com/tetherless-world/nanomine-ontology + + GeoNames + GeoNames Ontology (GeoNames) + The Geonames ontologies provides elements of description for geographical features, in particular those defined in the geonames.org database. + Bernard Vatant + RDF + 2022-01-30 + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://www.geonames.org/ontology + Geography + Geographic Knowledge + 3.3 + + + PeriodicTable + Periodic Table of the Elements Ontology (PeriodicTable) + PeriodicTable.owl is a representation of the Periodic Table of the Elements in the OWL Web Ontology Language. It provides reference data to support Semantic Web applications in chemistry and related disciplines. + Michael Cook + OWL + 2004/02/05 + https://www.daml.org/2003/01/periodictable/ Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science + Periodic Table of Elements + 1.10 - - PTO - Product Types Ontology (PTO) - The Product Types Ontology is designed to be used in combination with GoodRelations, a standard vocabulary for the commercial aspects of offers. - Martin Hepp + + MassSpectrometry + Mass Spectrometry Ontology (MassSpectrometry) + A structured controlled vocabulary for the annotation of experiments concerned with proteomics mass spectrometry. + Andreas Bertsch + OWL + 12:02:2025 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/MS + Chemistry + Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics + + + TUBES + TUBES System Ontology (TUBES) + The scope of the TUBES System Ontology is to explicitly define interconnected building service system in the AECO industry, their hierarchical subdivisions, structural and functional aspects, and links to spatial entities. As such, TSO supports the effort to represent linkable information in a future semantic web of building data. It has a strong alignment to other ontologies within the W3C community. + Nicolas Pauen RDF - 2025-02-21 - Creative Commons 3.0 - http://www.productontology.org/ + 2022-02-01 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://rwth-e3d.github.io/tso/ Industry + Building Services + 0.3.0 + + + OBOE + Extensible Observation Ontology (OBOE) + The Extensible Observation Ontology (OBOE) is a formal ontology for capturing the semantics of scientific observation and measurement. The ontology supports researchers to add detailed semantic annotations to scientific data, thereby clarifying the inherent meaning of scientific observations. + The Regents of the University of California + OWL + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/OBOE + Scholarly Knowledge + Scientific Observation + 1.2 + + + Contact + Contact Ontology (Contact) + Ontology to capture concepts related to contact information (addresses, phone numbers). Reuses the iContact Ontology developed by the Enterprise Integration Lab in Toronto. The iContact ontology is extended to introduce a specialized definition of Hours of Operation, defined as a subclass of both the iContact definition of hours of operation, and a subclass of the Recurring Event class defined in the iCity Recurring Event ontology. The Contact ontology also extends the definition of address to include an associated location. + Mark Fox, Megan Katsumi + RDF + 2018-07-06 + https://enterpriseintegrationlab.github.io/icity/Contact/Contact_1.0/doc/index-en.html + Social Sciences + Social 1.0 - - BTO - BRENDA Tissue Ontology (BTO) - A structured controlled vocabulary for the source of an enzyme comprising tissues, cell lines, cell types and cell cultures. + + GND + Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) + GND stands for Gemeinsame Normdatei (Integrated Authority File) and offers a broad range of elements to describe authorities. The GND originates from the German library community and aims to solve the name ambiguity problem in the library world. + Alexander Haffner + RDF + 2024-08-26 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd + Library and Cultural Heritage + Authority Files + 1.2.0 + + + NMRCV + Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Controlled Vocabulary (NMRCV) + This artefact is an MSI-approved controlled vocabulary primarily developed under COSMOS EU and PhenoMeNal EU governance. The nmrCV is supporting the nmrML XML format with standardized terms. nmrML is a vendor agnostic open access NMR raw data standard. Its primaly role is analogous to the mzCV for the PSI-approved mzML XML format. It uses BFO2.0 as its Top level. This CV was derived from two predecessors (The NMR CV from the David Wishart Group, developed by Joseph Cruz) and the MSI nmr CV developed by Daniel Schober at the EBI. This simple taxonomy of terms (no DL semantics used) serves the nuclear magnetic resonance markup language (nmrML) with meaningful descriptors to amend the nmrML xml file with CV terms. Metabolomics scientists are encouraged to use this CV to annotrate their raw and experimental context data, i.e. within nmrML. The approach to have an exchange syntax mixed of an xsd and CV stems from the PSI mzML effort. The reason to branch out from an xsd into a CV is, that in areas where the terminology is likely to change faster than the nmrML xsd could be updated and aligned, an externally and decentrallised maintained CV can accompensate for such dynamics in a more flexible way. A second reason for this set-up is that semantic validity of CV terms used in an nmrML XML instance (allowed CV terms, position/relation to each other, cardinality) can be validated by rule-based proprietary validators: By means of cardinality specifications and XPath expressions defined in an XML mapping file (an instances of the CvMappingRules.xsd ), one can define what ontology terms are allowed in a specific location of the data model. + Daniel Schober OWL - 2021-10-26 + 2017-10-19 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/BTO + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/NMRCV + Chemistry + 1.1.0 + + + DOID + Human Disease Ontology (DOID) + The Disease Ontology has been developed as a standardized ontology for human disease with the purpose of providing the biomedical community with consistent, reusable and sustainable descriptions of human disease terms, phenotype characteristics and related medical vocabulary disease concepts. + The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry + OWL + 2024-12-18 + Creative Commons 1.0 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/doid/releases/2024-12-18/doid.owl Medicine - Enzyme - 2021-10-26 + Human Diseases - - DOLCE - Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) - The Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) is a foundational ontology that provides a conceptual framework for the formalization of domain ontologies. - Laboratory for Applied Ontology, ISTC-CNR + + FAIR + FAIR Vocabulary (FAIR) + This is the formal vocabulary (ontology) describing the FAIR principles. OWL Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.loa.istc.cnr.it/index.php/dolce/ + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/FAIR Upper Ontology - Linguistics, Cognitive Science + Data, Metadata - - PROCO - PROcess Chemistry Ontology (PROCO) - PROCO (PROcess Chemistry Ontology) is a formal ontology that aims to standardly represent entities and relations among entities in the domain of process chemistry. - Anna Dun, Wes A. Schafer, Yongqun "Oliver" He (YH), Zachary Dance + + MaterialInformation + Material Information Ontology (MaterialInformation) + The Material Information ontology is divided into smaller ontologies (partitions). The partitions are Environment, Geometry, Material Information, Manufacturing Process, Property, Substance, Unit Dimension, Structure, Equation and Physical Constant. + Toshihiro Ashino + OWL + https://github.com/EngyNasr/MSE-Benchmark/blob/main/testCases/secondTestCase/MaterialInformation.owl + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + + + BBCStoryline + BBC Storyline Ontology (BBCStoryline) + The News Storyline Ontology is a generic model for describing and organising the stories news organisations tell. The ontology is intended to be flexible to support any given news or media publisher's approach to handling news stories. At the heart of the ontology, is the concept of Storyline. As a nuance of the English language the word 'story' has multiple meanings. In news organisations, a story can be an individual piece of content, such as an article or news report. It can also be the editorial view on events occurring in the world. + http://uk.linkedin.com/in/paulwilton, http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/internet/authors/Jeremy_Tarling, http://uk.linkedin.com/in/jarredmcginnis + TTL + 2013-05-01 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://iptc.org/thirdparty/bbc-ontologies/storyline.html + News and Media + Storyline + 0.3 + + + NFDIcore + National Research Data Infrastructure Ontology (NFDIcore) + The National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) initiative has led to the formation of various consortia, each focused on developing a research data infrastructure tailored to its specific domain. To ensure interoperability across these consortia, the NFDIcore ontology has been developed as a mid-level ontology for representing metadata related to NFDI resources, including individuals, organizations, projects, data portals, and more. + Jörg Waitelonis, Oleksandra Bruns, Tabea Tietz, Etienne Posthumus, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Harald Sack + OWL + 2025-02-07 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://ise-fizkarlsruhe.github.io/nfdicore/ + Scholarly Knowledge + Research Data Infrastructure + 3.0.0 + + + OIECharacterisation + Open Innovation Environment Characterisation (OIECharacterisation) + EMMO-compliant, domain-level OIE ontology tackling the areas of characterization methods. + Daniele Toti, Gerhard Goldbeck, Pierluigi Del Nostro + TTL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials + + + CiTO + Citation Typing Ontology (CiTO) + The Citation Typing Ontology (CiTO) is an ontology that enables characterization of the nature or type of citations, both factually and rhetorically. + Silvio Peroni, David Shotton + OWL + 2018-02-16 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/SPAROntologies/cito/tree/master/docs/current + Scholarly Knowledge + Scholarly Communication + 2.8.1 + + + PROV + PROV Ontology (PROV-O) + The PROV Ontology (PROV-O) expresses the PROV Data Model [PROV-DM] using the OWL2 Web Ontology Language (OWL2) [OWL2-OVERVIEW]. It provides a set of classes, properties, and restrictions that can be used to represent and interchange provenance information generated in different systems and under different contexts. It can also be specialized to create new classes and properties to model provenance information for different applications and domains. The PROV Document Overview describes the overall state of PROV, and should be read before other PROV documents. + OWL + 2013-04-30 + W3C Software License + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/PROV + General Knowledge + General + 2013-04-30 + + + FRBRoo + Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records - object-oriented (FRBRoo) + The FRBRoo (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records - object-oriented) initiative is a joint effort of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records international working groups to establish a formal ontology intended to capture and represent the underlying semantics of bibliographic information and to facilitate the integration, mediation, and interchange of bibliographic and museum information. + RDF + November 2015 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://ontome.net/namespace/6#summary + Scholarly Knowledge + Bibliographic Records + 2.4 + + + BTO + BRENDA Tissue Ontology (BTO) + A structured controlled vocabulary for the source of an enzyme comprising tissues, cell lines, cell types and cell cultures. OWL - 04-14-2022 + 2021-10-26 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/proco-ontology/PROCO - Chemistry - Chemicals, Processes - 04-14-2022 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/BTO + Medicine + Enzyme + 2021-10-26 - - DOID - Human Disease Ontology (DOID) - The Disease Ontology has been developed as a standardized ontology for human disease with the purpose of providing the biomedical community with consistent, reusable and sustainable descriptions of human disease terms, phenotype characteristics and related medical vocabulary disease concepts. - The Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology Foundry + + DEB + Devices, Experimental scaffolds and Biomaterials Ontology (DEB) + The devices, experimental scaffolds, and biomaterials ontology (DEB) is an open resource for organizing information about biomaterials, their design, manufacture, and biological testing. It was developed using text analysis for identifying ontology terms from a biomaterials gold standard corpus, systematically curated to represent the domain's lexicon. Topics covered were validated by members of the biomaterials research community. + Osnat Hakimi OWL - 2024-12-18 - Creative Commons 1.0 - http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/doid/releases/2024-12-18/doid.owl + Jun 2, 2021 + GPL-3.0 + https://github.com/ProjectDebbie/Ontology_DEB Medicine - Human Diseases + Biomaterials + 06/2021 - - PODO - Point Defects Ontology (PODO) - PODO focuses on the description of point defects in crystalline materials. - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 - OWL + + Common + Common Ontology (Common) + Ontology for the representation of commons elements in the Trias ontology + Jhon Toledo, Miguel Angel García, Oscar Corcho + RDF Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/podo - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 1.0.0 + https://w3id.org/mobility/trias/common/0.1.0 + Education + Computer Science + 0.1.0 - - GND - Gemeinsame Normdatei (GND) - GND stands for Gemeinsame Normdatei (Integrated Authority File) and offers a broad range of elements to describe authorities. The GND originates from the German library community and aims to solve the name ambiguity problem in the library world. - Alexander Haffner + + SIOC + Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities (SIOC) + The SIOC (Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities) Ontology is an ontology for describing the information in online communities. This includes sites that support online discussions, blogging, file sharing, photo sharing, social networking, etc. + Data Science Institute, NUI Galway RDF - 2024-08-26 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/gnd - Library and Cultural Heritage - Authority Files - 1.2.0 - - - CHIRO - CHEBI Integrated Role Ontology (CHIRO) - CHEBI provides a distinct role hierarchy. Chemicals in the structural hierarchy are connected via a 'has role' relation. CHIRO provides links from these roles to useful other classes in other ontologies. This will allow direct connection between chemical structures (small molecules, drugs) and what they do. This could be formalized using 'capable of', in the same way Uberon and the Cell Ontology link structures to processes. - OWL - 2015-11-23 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/chiro - Chemistry - Chemicals, Roles - 2015-11-23 + 2018/02/28 + Creative Commons 3.0 + http://rdfs.org/sioc/spec/ + Social Sciences + Social Networks + 1.36 - - PRotein - Protein Ontology (PRO) - The PRotein Ontology (PRO) formally defines taxon-specific and taxon-neutral protein-related entities in three major areas: proteins related by evolution; proteins produced from a given gene; and protein-containing complexes. + + Framester + Framester Ontology (Framester) + Framester is a a frame-based ontological resource acting as a hub between linguistic resources such as FrameNet, WordNet, VerbNet, BabelNet, DBpedia, Yago, DOLCE-Zero, and leveraging this wealth of links to create an interoperable predicate space formalized according to frame semantics and semiotics. Framester uses WordNet and FrameNet at its core, expands it to other resources transitively, and represents them in a formal version of frame semantics. + Aldo Gangemi RDF - 08:08:2024 + 19-04-2016 Creative Commons 4.0 - http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr.owl - Medicine - Protein - 1.2 + http://150.146.207.114/lode/extract?url=http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/framester/framester.owl + Scholarly Knowledge + Linguistics + 1.0 - - BattINFO - Battery Interface Ontology (BattINFO) - BattINFO is a foundational resource for harmonizing battery knowledge representation and enhancing data interoperability. The primary objective is to provide the necessary tools to create FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) battery data that can be integrated into the Semantic Web. - TTL - https://github.com/BIG-MAP/BattINFO + + DSIM + Dislocation Simulation and Model Ontology (DSIM) + Dislocation simulation and model ontology (DSIM) is an ontology developed to model various concepts and relationships in the discrete dislocation dynamics domain and microscopy techniques used in the dislocation domain. The various concepts are the numerical representation of dislocation applied in the dislocation dynamic simulation and the pictorial concept of pixel applied in representing dislocation in the experimental image, eg., TEM image, SEM image, and FIM image. + Ahmad Zainul Ihsan + OWL + 17.08.2023 + Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) + https://github.com/OCDO/DSIM Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science + 1.0 - - NFDIcore - National Research Data Infrastructure Ontology (NFDIcore) - The National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) initiative has led to the formation of various consortia, each focused on developing a research data infrastructure tailored to its specific domain. To ensure interoperability across these consortia, the NFDIcore ontology has been developed as a mid-level ontology for representing metadata related to NFDI resources, including individuals, organizations, projects, data portals, and more. - Jörg Waitelonis, Oleksandra Bruns, Tabea Tietz, Etienne Posthumus, Hossein Beygi Nasrabadi, Harald Sack - OWL - 2025-02-07 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://ise-fizkarlsruhe.github.io/nfdicore/ + + LexInfo + LexInfo (LexInfo) + LexInfo allows us to associate linguistic information to elements in an ontology with respect to any level of linguistic description and expressivity. LexInfo has been implemented as an OWL ontology and is available together with an API. + RDF + Apache 2.0 + https://lexinfo.net/index.html Scholarly Knowledge - Research Data Infrastructure - 3.0.0 + Linguistics + 3.0 - - ENVO - Environment Ontology (ENVO) - ENVO is an expressive, community ontology which helps humans, machines, and semantic web applications understand environmental entities of all kinds, from microscopic to intergalactic scales. As a FAIR-compliant resource, it promotes interoperability through the concise, controlled description of all things environmental. - Pier Luigi Buttigieg (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-3088) + + ICON + Icon Ontology (ICON) + The ICON ontology deals with high granularity art interpretation. It was developed by conceptualizing Panofsky's theory of levels of interpretation, therefore artworks can be described according to Pre-iconographical, Iconographical and Iconological information. + Knowledge Media Institute OWL - 2024-07-01 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://obofoundry.org/ontology/envo.html - Ecology and Environment - Environment, Ecosystems, Habitats - 2024-07-01 + April 26th, 2024 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://w3id.org/icon/ontology/ + Arts and Humanities + Art History, Cultural Heritage + 2.1.0 - - CSO - Computer Science Ontology (CSO) - The Computer Science Ontology (CSO) is a large-scale ontology of research areas in computer science. It provides a comprehensive vocabulary of research topics in computing, organized in a hierarchical structure. This class processes the Computer Science Ontology (CSO) with custom hooks for: - Topic-based class detection - superTopicOf relationships - contributesTo relationships - Knowledge Media Institute, Open University + + BFO + Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) + The Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) is a small, upper-level ontology that describes the basic types of entities in the world and how they relate to each other. + University at Buffalo OWL + 2020 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://cso.kmi.open.ac.uk/home + https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/ + Upper Ontology + Basic + 2.0 + + + SUMO + Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) + The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) and its domain ontologies form the largest formal public ontology in existence today. They are being used for research and applications in search, linguistics and reasoning. SUMO is the only formal ontology that has been mapped to all of the WordNet lexicon. + OWL + 2025-02-17 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.ontologyportal.org/ + Upper Ontology + 1.0 + + + SEPIO + Scientific Evidence and Provenance Information Ontology (SEPIO) + The SEPIO ontology is in its early stages of development, undergoing iterative refinement as new requirements emerge and alignment with existing standards is explored. The SEPIO core file imports two files which can be resolved at the URLs below: IAO ontology-metadata import: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/monarch-initiative/SEPIO-ontology/master/src/ontology/imports/ontology-metadata.owl bfo mireot: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/monarch-initiative/SEPIO-ontology/master/src/ontology/mireots/bfo-mireot.owl + OWL + 2015-02-23 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SEPIO Scholarly Knowledge - Computer Science - 3.4 + Scientific Evidence MatWerk @@ -1083,130 +993,143 @@ Research Data, Interoperability 3.0.0 - - LIFO - Life Ontology (LifO) - The Life Ontology (LifO) is an ontology of the life of organism. LifO represents the life processes of organisms and related entities and relations. LifO is a general purpose ontology that covers the common features associated with different organisms such as unicellular prokaryotes (e.g., E. coli) and multicellular organisms (e.g., human). - Yongqun "Oliver" He (YH) - OWL - March 11, 2018 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/LIFO - Biology and Life Sciences - General Purpose - 1.0.17 + + IOF + Industrial Ontology Foundry (IOF) + The IOF Core Ontology contains notions found to be common across multiple manufacturing domains. This file is an RDF implementation of these notions. The ontology utilizes the Basic Formal Ontology or BFO as a top-level ontology but also borrows terms from various domain-independent or mid-level ontologies. The purpose of the ontology is to serve as a foundation for ensuring consistency and interoperability across various domain-specific reference ontologies the IOF publishes. + IOF Core Working Group + RDF + 2020 + MIT + https://oagi.org/pages/Released-Ontologies + Industry + Manufacturing + 1.0 - - OIEMaterials - Open Innovation Environment Materials (OIEMaterials) - The materials module populates the physicalistic perspective with materials subclasses categorised according to modern applied physical sciences. - Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro - TTL + + VIMMP + Virtual Materials Marketplace Ontologies (VIMMP) + The Virtual Materials Marketplace (VIMMP) project is developing an open platform for providing and accessing services related to materials modelling. Within VIMMP, a system of marketplace-level ontologies is developed to characterize services, models, and interactions between users; the European Materials and Modelling Ontology (EMMO, recently renamed while keeping the original acronym) is employed as a top-level ontology. The ontologies are used to annotate data that are stored in the ZONTAL Space component of VIMMP and to support the ingest and retrieval of data and metadata at the VIMMP marketplace front-end. + Ilian T. Todorov, Martin Thomas Horsch, Michael A. Seaton, Silvia Chiacchiera + OWL + 2021-01-02 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ + https://matportal.org/ontologies/VIMMP_ONTOLOGIES Materials Science and Engineering - Materials + Materials Modeling - - EDAM - The ontology of data analysis and management (EDAM) - EDAM is a domain ontology of data analysis and data management in bio- and other sciences, and science-based applications. It comprises concepts related to analysis, modelling, optimisation, and data life cycle. Targetting usability by diverse users, the structure of EDAM is relatively simple, divided into 4 main sections: Topic, Operation, Data (incl. Identifier), and Format. - Federico Bianchini, Hervé Ménager, Jon Ison, Matúš Kalaš - OWL - 24.09.2024 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/edam + + CCO + Common Core Ontologies (CCO) + The Common Core Ontologies (CCO) is a widely-used suite of eleven ontologies that consist of logically well-defined generic terms and relations among them reflecting entities across all domains of interest. + TTL + 2024-11-06 + BSD-3-Clause license + https://github.com/CommonCoreOntology/CommonCoreOntologies General Knowledge General - 1.25-20240924T0027Z-unstable(1.26) - - - Contact - Contact Ontology (Contact) - Ontology to capture concepts related to contact information (addresses, phone numbers). Reuses the iContact Ontology developed by the Enterprise Integration Lab in Toronto. The iContact ontology is extended to introduce a specialized definition of Hours of Operation, defined as a subclass of both the iContact definition of hours of operation, and a subclass of the Recurring Event class defined in the iCity Recurring Event ontology. The Contact ontology also extends the definition of address to include an associated location. - Mark Fox, Megan Katsumi - RDF - 2018-07-06 - https://enterpriseintegrationlab.github.io/icity/Contact/Contact_1.0/doc/index-en.html - Social Sciences - Social - 1.0 + 2.0 - - SchemaOrg - Schema.org Ontology (SchemaOrg) - Schema.org is a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages, and beyond. - Schema.org Community + + SWEET + Semantic Web for Earth and Environment Technology Ontology (SWEET) + The Semantic Web for Earth and Environment Technology Ontology (SWEET) is an investigation in improving discovery and use of Earth science data, through software understanding of the semantics of web resources. SWEET is a collection of ontologies conceptualizing a knowledge space for Earth system science, represented using the web ontology language (OWL). It includes both orthogonal concepts (space, time, Earth realms, physical quantities, etc.) and integrative science knowledge concepts (phenomena, events, etc.). + NASA, JPL, Caltech OWL - 2024-11-22 + July 14, 2022 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/schemaorg/schemaorg/blob/main/data/releases/28.1/schemaorg.owl - General Knowledge - Web Development - 28.1 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/SWEET + Ecology and Environment + Earth Science, Geoscience + 3.6.0 - - GEO - Geographical Entities Ontology (GEO) - Geographical Entities Ontology (GEO) is an inventory of geopolitical entities (such as sovereign states and their administrative subdivisions) as well as various geographical regions (including but not limited to the specific ones over which the governments have jurisdiction) - William R Hogan - OWL - 2019-02-17 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/mcwdsi/geographical-entity-ontology/blob/master/geo-all.owl - Geography - Geographic Knowledge + + SAREF + Smart Applications REFerence ontology (SAREF) + The Smart Applications REFerence (SAREF) suite of ontologies forms a shared model of consensus intended to enable semantic interoperability between solutions from different providers and among various activity sectors in the Internet of Things (IoT), thus contributing to the development of data spaces. SAREF is published as a set of open standards produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine communications (SmartM2M). + ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine communications (SmartM2M) + RDF + 2020-12-31 + https://saref.etsi.org/core/v3.2.1/ + Web and Internet + interoperability + 3.2.1 - - Juso - Juso Ontology (Juso) - Juso Ontology is a Web vocabulary for describing geographical addresses and features. - James G. Kim, LiST Inc. - TTL - 2015-11-10 + + PKO + Provenance Knowledge Ontology (PKO) + Procedural Knowledge (PK) is knowing how to perform some tasks, as opposed to descriptive/declarative knowledge, which is knowing what in terms of facts and notions. In industry, PK refers in general to structured processes to be followed, and can be related to both production (e.g., procedure on the production line in a plant) and services (e.g., procedure for troubleshooting during customer support); to specific technical expertise (e.g., procedure to set up a specific machine) and general regulations and best practices (e.g., safety procedures, activities to minimise environmental impact). + Mario Scrocca (Cefriel), Valentina Carriero (Cefriel) + RDF + 2025-03-01 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://rdfs.co/juso/0.1.1/html - Geography - geographical knowledge - 0.1.1 + https://github.com/perks-project/pk-ontology/tree/master + Industry + Provenance + 1.0.0 - - MO - Microscopy Ontology (MO) - The Microscopy Ontology (MO) extends the ontological framework of the PMDco. The MO facilitates semantic integration and the interoperable connection of diverse data sources from the fields of microscopy and microanalysis. Consequently, the MO paves the way for new, adaptable data applications and analyses across various experiments and studies - https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-7104,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-5371 + + OWLTime + Time Ontology in OWL (OWL-Time) + OWL-Time is an OWL-2 DL ontology of temporal concepts, for describing the temporal properties of resources in the world or described in Web pages. The ontology provides a vocabulary for expressing facts about topological (ordering) relations among instants and intervals, together with information about durations, and about temporal position including date-time information. Time positions and durations may be expressed using either the conventional (Gregorian) calendar and clock, or using another temporal reference system such as Unix-time, geologic time, or different calendars. + World Wide Web Consortium TTL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/materialdigital/microscopy-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file - Biology and Life Sciences - Microscopy - 2.0 + 15 November 2022 + W3C Software Notice and Document License + https://www.w3.org/TR/owl-time/ + Units and Measurements + Temporal Reasoning + 1.0 - - DSIM - Dislocation Simulation and Model Ontology (DSIM) - Dislocation simulation and model ontology (DSIM) is an ontology developed to model various concepts and relationships in the discrete dislocation dynamics domain and microscopy techniques used in the dislocation domain. The various concepts are the numerical representation of dislocation applied in the dislocation dynamic simulation and the pictorial concept of pixel applied in representing dislocation in the experimental image, eg., TEM image, SEM image, and FIM image. - Ahmad Zainul Ihsan + + PLDO + Planar Defects Ontology (PLDO) + PLDO is an ontology designed to describe planar defects in crystalline materials, such as grain boundaries and stacking faults, with a focus on their atomic-scale structure and properties. + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 OWL - 17.08.2023 - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/DSIM + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/OCDO/pldo Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 1.0 + Materials Defects + 1.0.0 - - BBCProvenance - BBC Provenance News Ontology (BBCProvenance) - An ontology to capture data about the provenance of data in an RDF Triple Store. This provenance is focused on the immediate providers and not the ultimate source, so for example, this would record that geodata was provided by the BBC Locator team, and not geonames. In the Linked Data Platform, this data is applied to contexts or named graphs. A named graph is, in effect, a 'fourth part' to a triple, hence the term 'quad store'. + + BBCCMS + BBC CMS Ontology (BBCCMS) + The Content Management Systems ontology defines the terms that LDP needs to interact with systems that produce content. The linked data platform contain semantic metadata for the creative content and also the things the BBC produces content about. The CMS ontology defines how these things and content are associated with other BBC instances of the same thing. LinkedData@bbc.co.uk TTL 2012-12-01 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/provenance-ontology + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/cms-ontology News and Media - Provenance - 1.9 + Content Management Systems + 3.7 + + + VOAF + Vocabulary of a Friend (VOAF) + The Vocabulary of a Friend (VOAF) is a vocabulary specification providing elements allowing the description of vocabularies (RDFS vocabularies or OWL ontologies). It is based on Dublin Core and VOID. + Bernard Vatant + RDF + 2013-05-24 + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://lov.linkeddata.es/vocommons/voaf/v2.3/ + Scholarly Knowledge + Social Network + 2.3 + + + Photovoltaics + EMMO Domain Ontology for Photovoltaics (Photovoltaics) + This ontology is describing Perovskite solar cells. + Casper Welzel Andersen, Simon Clark + TTL + Creative Commons license Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-photovoltaics + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 0.0.1 FOAF @@ -1221,199 +1144,152 @@ Social 0.1 - - Metadata4Ing - Metadata for Intelligent Engineering (Metadata4Ing) - The ontology Metadata4Ing provides a framework for the semantic description of research data and of the whole data generation process, embracing the object of investigation, all sample and data manipulation methods and tools, the data files themselves, and the roles of persons and institutions. The structure and application of the ontology are based on the principles of modularity and inheritance. - Metadata4Ing Workgroup - TTL - 2025-03-10 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://git.rwth-aachen.de/nfdi4ing/metadata4ing/metadata4ing - Scholarly Knowledge - Materials Science - 1.3.1 - - - MatOnto - Material Ontology (MatOnto) - The Material Ontology (MatOnto) is based on the upper level ontology, the BFO. - OWL - https://github.com/EngyNasr/MSE-Benchmark/blob/main/testCases/secondTestCase/MatOnto.owl - Materials Science and Engineering - Scholarly Knowledge - - - OPMW - Open Provenance Model for Workflows (OPMW) - The Open Provenance Model for Workflows (OPMW) is an ontology for describing workflow traces and their templates based on the Open Provenance Model. It has been designed as a profile for OPM, extending and reusing OPM's core ontologies OPMV (OPM-Vocabulary) and OPMO (OPM-Ontology). - http://delicias.dia.fi.upm.es/members/DGarijo/#me, http://www.isi.edu/~gil/ - OWL - 2014-12-22 - Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0) - https://www.opmw.org/model/OPMW_20141222/ - Scholarly Knowledge - Workflows - 3.1 - - - MSLE - Material Science Lab Equipment Ontology (MSLE) - The current ontology describes Material Science Lab Equipment. - TTL - Sep 15, 2022 - https://github.com/MehrdadJalali-AI/MSLE-Ontology - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 1.1 - - - LODE - Linking Open Descriptions of Events (LODE) - People conventionally refer to an action or occurrence taking place at a certain time at a specific location as an event. This notion is potentially useful for connecting individual facts recorded in the rapidly growing collection of linked data sets and for discovering more complex relationships between data. The LODE provide an overview and comparison of existing event models, looking at the different choices they make of how to represent events. It is a model for publishing records of events as Linked Data. A tools for populating this model and a prototype “event directory” web service, which can be used to locate stable URIs for events that have occurred, provide RDFS+OWL descriptions and link to related resources. - Ryan Shaw - RDF - 2020-10-31 - Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 - https://linkedevents.org/ontology/ - Events - 2020-10-31 - - - YAGO - YAGO Ontology (YAGO) - YAGO is a large semantic knowledge base, derived from Wikipedia, WordNet, and GeoNames. It contains knowledge about more than 10 million entities and contains more than 120 million facts about these entities. YAGO is special in several ways: It has a clean taxonomy, which was manually built, and it is the only knowledge base with such a large coverage, the clean taxonomy, and the extraction from Wikipedia, WordNet, and GeoNames. - Max Planck Institute for Informatics - TTL - April, 2024 - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://yago-knowledge.org/downloads/yago-4-5 - General Knowledge - People, Cities, Countries, Movies, Organizations - 4.5 - - - ASMO - Atomistic Simulation Methods Ontology (ASMO) - ASMO is an ontology that aims to define the concepts needed to describe commonly used atomic scale simulation methods, i.e. density functional theory, molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo methods, etc. ASMO uses the Provenance Ontology (PROV-O) to describe the simulation process. - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 - OWL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/asmo?tab=readme-ov-file#atomistic-simulation-methods-ontology-asmo - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 1.0.0 - - - SystemCapabilities - System Capabilities Ontology (SystemCapabilities) - This ontology describes system capabilities, operating ranges, and survival ranges. - W3C/OGC Spatial Data on the Web Working Group - OWL - 2017-05-14 - W3C Software and Document License - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SSNSYSTEM - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science, Engineering, Systems + + AFO + Allotrope Foundation Ontology (AFO) + The AFO is an ontology suite that provides a standard vocabulary and semantic model for the representation of laboratory analytical processes. The AFO suite is aligned at the upper layer to the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). The core domains modeled include, Equipment, Material, Process, and Results. This artifact contains all triples of Allotrope Foundation Merged Without QUDT Ontology Suite (REC/2023/12) together with triples inferred with HermiT. + Allotrope Foundation + TTL + 2024-06-28 + CC BY 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/AFO + Chemistry + Laboratory Analytical Processes + 2024-06 - - TimelineOntology - Timeline Ontology (TimelineOntology) - The Timeline Ontology is centered around the notion of timeline, seen here as a way to identify a temporal backbone. A timeline may support a signal, a video, a score, a work, etc. - Christopher Sutton, Yves Raimond, Matthias Mauch + + AgrO + Agronomy Ontology (AgrO) + An ontology is a formal representation of a disciplinary domain, representing a semantic standard that can be employed to annotate data where key concepts are defined, as well as the relationships that exist between those concepts (Gruber, 2009). Ontologies provide a common language for different kinds of data to be easily interpretable and interoperable allowing easier aggregation and analysis. The Agronomy Ontology (AgrO) provides terms from the agronomy domain that are semantically organized and can facilitate the collection, storage and use of agronomic data, enabling easy interpretation and reuse of the data by humans and machines alike. To fully understand the implications of varying practices within cropping systems and derive insights, it is often necessary to pull together information from data in different disciplinary domains. For example, data on field management, soil, weather and crop phenotypes may need to be aggregated to assess performance of particular crop under different management interventions. However, agronomic data are often collected, described, and stored in inconsistent ways, impeding data comparison, mining, interpretation reuse. The use of standards for metadata and data annotation play a key role in addressing these challenges. While the CG Core Metadata Schema provides a metadata standard to describe agricultural datasets, the Agronomy Ontology enables the description of agronomic data variables using standard terms. + The Crop Ontology Consortium RDF - 25th October 2007 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://github.com/motools/timelineontology - Arts and Humanities - Music Theory + 2022-11-02 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://agroportal.lirmm.fr/ontologies/AGRO?p=summary + Agriculture + Agronomy 1.0 - - PMDco - The Platform MaterialDigital core ontology (PMDco) - The PMD Core Ontology (PMDco) is a comprehensive framework for representing knowledge that encompasses fundamental concepts from the domains of materials science and engineering (MSE). The PMDco has been designed as a mid-level ontology to establish a connection between specific MSE application ontologies and the domain neutral concepts found in established top-level ontologies. The primary goal of the PMDco is to promote interoperability between diverse domains. - Jannis Grundmann + + MechanicalTesting + Mechanical Testing Ontology (MechanicalTesting) + A domain ontology for mechanical testing based on EMMO. + Fraunhofer IWM OWL - 2025-03-20 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/materialdigital/core-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file + https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-mechanical-testing Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 3.0.0-alpha1 + Mechanical Testing + 1.0.0 - - IOF - Industrial Ontology Foundry (IOF) - The IOF Core Ontology contains notions found to be common across multiple manufacturing domains. This file is an RDF implementation of these notions. The ontology utilizes the Basic Formal Ontology or BFO as a top-level ontology but also borrows terms from various domain-independent or mid-level ontologies. The purpose of the ontology is to serve as a foundation for ensuring consistency and interoperability across various domain-specific reference ontologies the IOF publishes. - IOF Core Working Group + + Wine + Wine Ontology (Wine) + A project to define an RDF style ontology for wines and the wine-industry RDF - 2020 - MIT - https://oagi.org/pages/Released-Ontologies - Industry - Manufacturing - 1.0 - - - GTS - Geologic Timescale model (GTS) - This is an RDF/OWL representation of the GeoSciML Geologic Timescale model, which has been adapted from the model described in Cox, S.J.D, & Richard, S.M. (2005) A formal model for the geologic timescale and GSSP, compatible with geospatial information transfer standards, Geosphere, Geological Society of America. - Simon J D Cox (simon.cox@csiro.au) of CSIRO - TTL - 2020-05-31 - Creative Commons 1.0 - https://raw.githack.com/CGI-IUGS/timescale-ont/master/html/gts.html - Geography - geospatial Information, Geology - 1.0 + https://github.com/UCDavisLibrary/wine-ontology + Food and Beverage + Wine - - TribAIn - Tribology and Artificial Intelligence Ontology (TribAIn) - TribAIn is an ontology for the description of tribological experiments and their results. It is designed to be used in the context of the TribAIn project, which aims to develop a knowledge-based system for the design of tribological systems. - Patricia Kügler + + BBCPolitics + BBC Politics News Ontology (BBCPolitics) + The Politics Ontology describes the concepts that occur in BBC politics news. + https://www.r4isstatic.com/ TTL + 2014-01-06 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/snow0815/tribAIn - Scholarly Knowledge + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/politics-ontology + News and Media + Politics + 0.9 - - MDS - Materials Data Science Ontology (MDS) - Materials Data Science (MDS) is an ontology encompassing multiple domains relevant to materials science, chemical synthesis and characterizations, photovoltaics and geospatial datasets. The terms used for classes, subclasses and instances are mapped to PMDCo and BFO Ontologies. - SDLE Research Center + + FSO + Flow Systems Ontology (FSO) + The Flow Systems Ontology (FSO) is an ontology for describing interconnected systems with material or energy flow connections, and their components. + Ali Kücükavci, Mads Holten Rasmussen, Ville Kukkonen TTL - 03/24/2024 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://matportal.org/ontologies/MDS + 2020-08-06 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/alikucukavci/FSO/ Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 0.3.0.0 + 0.1.0 - - FRBRoo - Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records - object-oriented (FRBRoo) - The FRBRoo (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records - object-oriented) initiative is a joint effort of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records international working groups to establish a formal ontology intended to capture and represent the underlying semantics of bibliographic information and to facilitate the integration, mediation, and interchange of bibliographic and museum information. - RDF - November 2015 + + LIFO + Life Ontology (LifO) + The Life Ontology (LifO) is an ontology of the life of organism. LifO represents the life processes of organisms and related entities and relations. LifO is a general purpose ontology that covers the common features associated with different organisms such as unicellular prokaryotes (e.g., E. coli) and multicellular organisms (e.g., human). + Yongqun "Oliver" He (YH) + OWL + March 11, 2018 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://ontome.net/namespace/6#summary - Scholarly Knowledge - Bibliographic Records - 2.4 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/LIFO + Biology and Life Sciences + General Purpose + 1.0.17 - - NCIt - NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) - NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) is a reference terminology that includes broad coverage of the cancer domain, including cancer related diseases, findings and abnormalities. The NCIt OBO Edition aims to increase integration of the NCIt with OBO Library ontologies. NCIt OBO Edition releases should be considered experimental. + + UO + Units of Measurement Ontology (UO) + Metrical units for use in conjunction with PATO. + KAUST + OWL + 2023-05-25 + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/UO + Units and Measurements + + + CSO + Computer Science Ontology (CSO) + The Computer Science Ontology (CSO) is a large-scale ontology of research areas in computer science. It provides a comprehensive vocabulary of research topics in computing, organized in a hierarchical structure. This class processes the Computer Science Ontology (CSO) with custom hooks for: - Topic-based class detection - superTopicOf relationships - contributesTo relationships + Knowledge Media Institute, Open University OWL - 2023-10-19 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/NCIT + https://cso.kmi.open.ac.uk/home + Scholarly Knowledge + Computer Science + 3.4 + + + AGROVOC + AGROVOC Multilingual Thesaurus (AGROVOC) + AGROVOC is a relevant Linked Open Data set about agriculture available for public use and facilitates access and visibility of data across domains and languages. It offers a structured collection of agricultural concepts, terms, definitions and relationships which are used to unambiguously identify resources, allowing standardized indexing processes and making searches more efficient. + Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations + RDF + August 12, 2024 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://agroportal.lirmm.fr/ontologies/AGROVOC + Agriculture + Agricultural Knowledge + 2024-04 + + + ENM + Environmental Noise Measurement Ontology (ENM) + The eNanoMapper project (https://www.enanomapper.net/), NanoCommons project (https://www.nanocommons.eu/) and ACEnano project (http://acenano-project.eu/) are creating a pan-European computational infrastructure for toxicological data management for ENMs, based on semantic web standards and ontologies. This ontology is an application ontology targeting the full domain of nanomaterial safety assessment. It re-uses several other ontologies including the NPO, CHEMINF, ChEBI, and ENVO. + eNanoMapper Consortium + OWL + 2025-02-17 + Creative Commons 3.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/ENM Medicine - Cancer, Oncology - 24.04e + Material Science and Engineering + 10.0 + + + Nomisma + Nomisma Ontology (Nomisma) + Nomisma Ontology is a collaborative project to provide stable digital representations of numismatic concepts according to the principles of Linked Open Data. These take the form of http URIs that provide access to the information about a concept in various formats. The project is a collaborative effort of the American Numismatic Society and the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World at New York University. + American Numismatic Society, Institute for the Study of the Ancient World + TTL + 2025-01-22 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.dainst.org/forschung/projekte/noslug/2098 + Arts and Humanities + Numismatics OIEManufacturing @@ -1426,27 +1302,81 @@ Materials Science and Engineering Materials - - IAO - Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) - The Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) is an ontology of information entities, originally driven by work by the OBI digital entity and realizable information entity branch. + + SPWorkflow + SMART Protocols Ontology: Workflow Module (SP-Workflow) + SP-Workflow module represents: i) the executable elements of a protocol; ii) the experimental actions and material entities that participates in instructions (sample/specimen, organisms, reagents, instruments); and iii) the order of execution of the instructions. + http://oxgiraldo.wordpress.com OWL - 2022-11-07 + 2013-07-01 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/SMARTProtocols/SMART-Protocols + Scholarly Knowledge + Workflows + 4.0 + + + PreMOn + Pre-Modern Ontology (PreMOn) + The PreMOn Ontology is an extension of lemon (W3C Ontology Lexicon Community Group, 2015) for representing predicate models and their mappings. The Core Module of the PreMOn Ontology defines the main abstractions for modelling semantic classes with their semantic roles, mappings between different predicate models, and annotations. + Francesco Corcoglioniti, Marco Rospocher <https://dkm.fbk.eu/rospocher> + OWL + 2018-02-15 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/IAO - General Knowledge - Information, Data, Knowledge + https://premon.fbk.eu/ontology/core# + Scholarly Knowledge + Linguistics + 2018a + + + MO + Microscopy Ontology (MO) + The Microscopy Ontology (MO) extends the ontological framework of the PMDco. The MO facilitates semantic integration and the interoperable connection of diverse data sources from the fields of microscopy and microanalysis. Consequently, the MO paves the way for new, adaptable data applications and analyses across various experiments and studies + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3717-7104,https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-5371 + TTL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/materialdigital/microscopy-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file + Biology and Life Sciences + Microscopy + 2.0 + + + BBCProgrammes + BBC Programmes Ontology (BBCProgrammes) + This ontology aims at providing a simple vocabulary for describing programmes. It covers brands, series (seasons), episodes, broadcast events, broadcast services,etc. Its development was funded by the BBC, and is heavily grounded on previous programmes data modelling work done there. + https://moustaki.org/foaf.rdf#moustaki + TTL + 2009/02/20 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/programmes-ontology + News and Media + Programmes + 1.1 - - UMBEL - Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer Vocabulary (UMBEL) - UMBEL is the Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer, designed to help content interoperate on the Web. UMBEL provides two valuable functions: First, it is a broad, general reference structure of 34,000 concepts, which provides a scaffolding to link and interoperate other datasets and domain vocabularies. Second, it is a base vocabulary for the construction of other concept-based domain ontologies, also designed for interoperation. - n3 - May 10, 2016 - https://github.com/structureddynamics/UMBEL/tree/master/Ontology - General Knowledge - Web Development - 1.50 + + CHAMEO + Characterisation Methodology Domain Ontology (CHAMEO) + An ontology for materials characterization which represents the evolution of the CHADA template in an ontological form, allowing to generate FAIR documentation of Characterisation Experiments and that has been used as a basis for the development of a number of technique-specific or application-specific ontologies in the materials characterisation domain. CHAMEO has been used as a foundation for the definition of the new CHADA template during the CWA. + https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4181-2852, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5174-8508, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9668-6961 + TTL + 2024-04-12 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-characterisation-methodology + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 1.0.0 + + + DOAP + The Description of a Project vocabulary (DOAP) + The Description of a Project vocabulary (DOAP), described using W3C RDF Schema and the Web Ontology Language to describe software projects, and in particular open source projects. + Edd Wilder-James + RDF + 2020-04-03 + Apache License 2.0 + https://github.com/ewilderj/doap/blob/master/schema/doap.rdf + Industry + Software WiLD @@ -1460,17 +1390,29 @@ Scholarly Knowledge Materials Science - - PSIMOD - Protein Modifications Ontology (PSIMOD) - PSI-MOD is an ontology developed by the Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI) that describes protein chemical modifications, logically linked by an is_a relationship in such a way as to form a direct acyclic graph (DAG). The PSI-MOD ontology has more than 45 top-level nodes, and provides alternative hierarchical paths for classifying protein modifications either by the molecular structure of the modification, or by the amino acid residue that is modified. + + EMMOCrystallography + Crystallography Ontology (EMMOCrystallography) + A crystallography domain ontology based on EMMO and the CIF core dictionary. It is implemented as a formal language. + TTL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-crystallography + Materials Science and Engineering + Crystallography + 0.0.1 + + + PMDco + The Platform MaterialDigital core ontology (PMDco) + The PMD Core Ontology (PMDco) is a comprehensive framework for representing knowledge that encompasses fundamental concepts from the domains of materials science and engineering (MSE). The PMDco has been designed as a mid-level ontology to establish a connection between specific MSE application ontologies and the domain neutral concepts found in established top-level ontologies. The primary goal of the PMDco is to promote interoperability between diverse domains. + Jannis Grundmann OWL - 2022-06-13 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 - https://github.com/HUPO-PSI/psi-mod-CV - Chemistry - Protein Modifications - 1.031.6 + 2025-03-20 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/materialdigital/core-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 3.0.0-alpha1 BIBFRAME @@ -1485,90 +1427,28 @@ Library, Museums, Archives 2.5.0 - - FSO - Flow Systems Ontology (FSO) - The Flow Systems Ontology (FSO) is an ontology for describing interconnected systems with material or energy flow connections, and their components. - Ali Kücükavci, Mads Holten Rasmussen, Ville Kukkonen - TTL - 2020-08-06 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/alikucukavci/FSO/ - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.1.0 - - - EURIO - EUropean Research Information Ontology (EURIO) - EURIO (EUropean Research Information Ontology) conceptualises, formally encodes and makes available in an open, structured and machine-readable format data about resarch projects funded by the EU's framework programmes for research and innovation. - Publications Office of the European Commission - RDF - 2023-10-19 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://op.europa.eu/de/web/eu-vocabularies/dataset/-/resource?uri=http://publications.europa.eu/resource/dataset/eurio - Scholarly Knowledge - Research Information - 2.4 - - - MAMBO - Molecules And Materials Basic Ontology (MAMBO) - MAMBO (Molecules And Materials Basic Ontology) is a domain ontology for molecular materials. Its main targets are: Allowing the retrieval of structured information regarding molecular materials and related applications (i.e. devices based on molecular materials) Supporting the development of new, complex workflows for modelling systems based on molecular materials (computational modelling and data-driven techniques) Integrating data generated via computational simulations and empirical experiments. + + BioPAX + Biological Pathways Exchange (BioPAX) + BioPAX is a standard language that aims to enable integration, exchange, visualization and analysis of biological pathway data. Specifically, BioPAX supports data exchange between pathway data groups and thus reduces the complexity of interchange between data formats by providing an accepted standard format for pathway data. OWL - General Public License v3.0 (GPL-3.0) - https://github.com/daimoners/MAMBO - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - - - SSN - Semantic Sensor Network Ontology (SSN) - The Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology is an ontology for describing sensors and their observations, the involved procedures, the studied features of interest, the samples used to do so, and the observed properties, as well as actuators. SSN follows a horizontal and vertical modularization architecture by including a lightweight but self-contained core ontology called SOSA (Sensor, Observation, Sample, and Actuator) for its elementary classes and properties. With their different scope and different degrees of axiomatization, SSN and SOSA are able to support a wide range of applications and use cases, including satellite imagery, large-scale scientific monitoring, industrial and household infrastructures, social sensing, citizen science, observation-driven ontology engineering, and the Web of Things. Both ontologies are described below, and examples of their usage are given. - W3C/OGC Spatial Data on the Web Working Group - TTL - 2017-04-17 - http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document - https://github.com/w3c/sdw-sosa-ssn/tree/482484fe2edc1ba8aa7f19214a72bdb77123e833 - Materials Science and Engineering - Sensor Networks + 16 April 2015 + http://www.biopax.org/ + Biology and Life Sciences + Bioinformatics 1.0 - - MassSpectrometry - Mass Spectrometry Ontology (MassSpectrometry) - A structured controlled vocabulary for the annotation of experiments concerned with proteomics mass spectrometry. - Andreas Bertsch - OWL - 12:02:2025 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/MS - Chemistry - Mass Spectrometry, Proteomics - - - MechanicalTesting - Mechanical Testing Ontology (MechanicalTesting) - A domain ontology for mechanical testing based on EMMO. - Fraunhofer IWM - OWL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-mechanical-testing - Materials Science and Engineering - Mechanical Testing - 1.0.0 - - - BVCO - Battery Value Chain Ontology (BVCO) - Basically, Battery Value Chain Ontology (BVCO) aims to model processes along the Battery value chain. Processes are holistic perspective elements that transform inputs/educts (matter, energy, information) into output/products (matter, energy, information) with the help of tools (devices, algorithms). They can be decomposed into sub-processes and have predecessor and successor processes. - Lukas Gold, Simon Stier + + CopyrightOnto + Copyright Ontology (CopyrightOnto) + The Copyright Ontology tries to formalise the copyright domain as a way to facilitate automated (or computer-supported) copyright management through the whole content value chain, as it is shaped by copyright law. Therefore, it does not focus just on the last step, end-users permissions to consume content, like many rights languages and ontologies do. + Rhizomik TTL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/Battery-Value-Chain-Ontology/ontology - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.4.3 + 2019-09 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://rhizomik.net/ontologies/copyrightonto/ + Law + Legal Knowledge DBpedia @@ -1579,117 +1459,33 @@ 2008-11-17 Creative Commons 3.0 https://wiki.dbpedia.org/ - General Knowledge - Knowledge Graph - - - AGROVOC - AGROVOC Multilingual Thesaurus (AGROVOC) - AGROVOC is a relevant Linked Open Data set about agriculture available for public use and facilitates access and visibility of data across domains and languages. It offers a structured collection of agricultural concepts, terms, definitions and relationships which are used to unambiguously identify resources, allowing standardized indexing processes and making searches more efficient. - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - RDF - August 12, 2024 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://agroportal.lirmm.fr/ontologies/AGROVOC - Agriculture - Agricultural Knowledge - 2024-04 - - - ChEBI - Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) - Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) is a dictionary of molecular entities focused on ‘small’ chemical compounds. The term ‘molecular entity’ refers to any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer, etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. The molecular entities in question are either products of nature or synthetic products used to intervene in the processes of living organisms. ChEBI incorporates an ontological classification, whereby the relationships between molecular entities or classes of entities and their parents and/or children are specified. - OWL - 01/01/2025 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/ - Chemistry - Chemical Entities - 239 - - - OBI - Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) - The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) helps you communicate clearly about scientific investigations by defining more than 2500 terms for assays, devices, objectives, and more. - OWL - 2025-01-09 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/tree/master - Medicine - Biomedical Investigations - - - BBCFood - BBC Food Ontology (BBCFood) - The Food Ontology is a simple lightweight ontology for publishing data about recipes, including the foods they are made from and the foods they create as well as the diets, menus, seasons, courses and occasions they may be suitable for. Whilst it originates in a specific BBC use case, the Food Ontology should be applicable to a wide range of recipe data publishing across the web. - TTL - 2014/03/18 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/food-ontology - News and Media - Food and Beverage - 0.1 - - - BBCCMS - BBC CMS Ontology (BBCCMS) - The Content Management Systems ontology defines the terms that LDP needs to interact with systems that produce content. The linked data platform contain semantic metadata for the creative content and also the things the BBC produces content about. The CMS ontology defines how these things and content are associated with other BBC instances of the same thing. - LinkedData@bbc.co.uk - TTL - 2012-12-01 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/cms-ontology - News and Media - Content Management Systems - 3.7 - - - PO - Plant Ontology (PO) - The Plant Ontology (PO) is a structured vocabulary and database resource that links plant anatomy, morphology and growth and development to plant genomics data. - OWL - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/Planteome/plant-ontology - Agriculture - Plant Anatomy, Morphology, Growth and Development - - - VIBSO - Vibrational Spectroscopy Ontology (VIBSO) - The Vibration Spectroscopy Ontology defines technical terms with which research data produced in vibrational spectroscopy experiments can be semantically enriched, made machine readable and FAIR. - VIBSO Workgroup - OWL - 2024-09-23 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/vibso - Chemistry - Spectroscopy - 2024-09-23 - - - SWEET - Semantic Web for Earth and Environment Technology Ontology (SWEET) - The Semantic Web for Earth and Environment Technology Ontology (SWEET) is an investigation in improving discovery and use of Earth science data, through software understanding of the semantics of web resources. SWEET is a collection of ontologies conceptualizing a knowledge space for Earth system science, represented using the web ontology language (OWL). It includes both orthogonal concepts (space, time, Earth realms, physical quantities, etc.) and integrative science knowledge concepts (phenomena, events, etc.). - NASA, JPL, Caltech + General Knowledge + Knowledge Graph + + + PPlan + Ontology for Provenance and Plans (P-Plan) + The Ontology for Provenance and Plans (P-Plan) is an extension of the PROV-O ontology [PROV-O] created to represent the plans that guided the execution of scientific processes. P-Plan describes how the plans are composed and their correspondence to provenance records that describe the execution itself. + http://www.isi.edu/~gil/ OWL - July 14, 2022 + 2014-03-12 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/SWEET - Ecology and Environment - Earth Science, Geoscience - 3.6.0 + https://vocab.linkeddata.es/p-plan/index.html + Scholarly Knowledge + 1.3 - - AS2 - Activity Streams 2.0 Ontology (AS2) - The Activity Streams 2.0 ontology is a vocabulary for describing social activities and actions. It is based on the Activity Streams 2.0 specification and provides a set of classes and properties for describing activities on the web. - TTL - 23 May 2017 - W3C Document License - https://github.com/w3c/activitystreams?tab=License-1-ov-file#readme - Social Sciences - Social - 2.0 + + EMMO + The Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) + The Elementary Multiperspective Material Ontology (EMMO) is the result of a multidisciplinary effort within the EMMC, aimed at the development of a standard representational ontology framework based on current materials modelling and characterization knowledge. Instead of starting from general upper level concepts, as done by other ontologies, the EMMO development started from the very bottom level, using the actual picture of the physical world coming from applied sciences, and in particular from physics and material sciences. + European Materials Modelling Council (EMMC) + OWL + 2024-03 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://emmo-repo.github.io/ + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Modelling + 1.0.0-rc3 iCalendar @@ -1704,56 +1500,116 @@ Calendar and Scheduling 1.14 - - CopyrightOnto - Copyright Ontology (CopyrightOnto) - The Copyright Ontology tries to formalise the copyright domain as a way to facilitate automated (or computer-supported) copyright management through the whole content value chain, as it is shaped by copyright law. Therefore, it does not focus just on the last step, end-users permissions to consume content, like many rights languages and ontologies do. - Rhizomik + + PODO + Point Defects Ontology (PODO) + PODO focuses on the description of point defects in crystalline materials. + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 + OWL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/OCDO/podo + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 1.0.0 + + + BMO + Building Material Ontology (BMO) + Building Material Ontology defines the main concepts of building material, types, layers, and properties. + Janakiram Karlapudi, Prathap Valluru TTL - 2019-09 + 2019-12-10 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://matportal.org/ontologies/BUILDMAT + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials + 0.1 + + + MOP + Molecular Process Ontology (MOP) + MOP is the molecular process ontology. It contains the molecular processes that underlie the name reaction ontology RXNO, for example cyclization, methylation and demethylation. + OWL + 2022-05-11 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://rhizomik.net/ontologies/copyrightonto/ - Law - Legal Knowledge + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/MOP + Chemistry + Chemistry, Molecular Biology + 2022-05-11 - - BBCProgrammes - BBC Programmes Ontology (BBCProgrammes) - This ontology aims at providing a simple vocabulary for describing programmes. It covers brands, series (seasons), episodes, broadcast events, broadcast services,etc. Its development was funded by the BBC, and is heavily grounded on previous programmes data modelling work done there. - https://moustaki.org/foaf.rdf#moustaki - TTL - 2009/02/20 + + DUO + Data Use Ontology (DUO) + DUO is an ontology which represent data use conditions. + OWL + 2025-02-17 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/programmes-ontology - News and Media - Programmes - 1.1 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/DUO/ + Scholarly Knowledge + 1.0 - - BIO - BIO: A vocabulary for biographical information (BIO) - The BIO vocabulary contains terms useful for finding out more about people and their backgrounds and has some cross-over into genealogical information. The approach taken is to describe a person's life as a series of interconnected key events, around which other information can be woven. This vocabulary defines the event framework and supplies a set of core event types that cover many use cases, but it is expected that it will be extended in other vocabularies to suit their needs. The intention of this vocabulary is to describe biographical events of people and this intention carries through to the definitions of the properties and classes which are person-centric rather than neutral. For example the Employment event puts the person being employed as the principal agent in the event rather than the employer. - Ian Davis and David Galbraith + + DublinCore + Dublin Core Vocabulary (DublinCore) + The Dublin Core Schema is a small set of vocabulary terms that can be used to describe several kinds of resources. Dublin Core Metadata may be used for multiple purposes, from simple resource description, to combining metadata vocabularies of different metadata standards, to providing interoperability for metadata vocabularies in the Linked Data cloud and Semantic Web implementations. + The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative RDF - 2010-05-10 + February 17, 2017 Public Domain - https://vocab.org/bio/ - Social Sciences - Biographical Information - 0.1 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/DC + General Knowledge + Metadata + 1.1 - - BBCPolitics - BBC Politics News Ontology (BBCPolitics) - The Politics Ontology describes the concepts that occur in BBC politics news. - https://www.r4isstatic.com/ + + BBCCoreConcepts + BBC Core Concepts Ontology (BBCCoreConcepts) + The generic BBC ontology for people, places, events, organisations, themes which represent things that make sense across the BBC. This model is meant to be generic enough, and allow clients (domain experts) link their own concepts e.g., athletes or politicians using rdfs:sublClassOf the particular concept. + jeremy.tarling@bbc.co.uk, tom.hodgkinson@bbc.co.uk TTL - 2014-01-06 + 2019-11-21 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/politics-ontology + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/core-concepts-ontology News and Media - Politics - 0.9 + Core Concepts + 1.30 + + + BBCFood + BBC Food Ontology (BBCFood) + The Food Ontology is a simple lightweight ontology for publishing data about recipes, including the foods they are made from and the foods they create as well as the diets, menus, seasons, courses and occasions they may be suitable for. Whilst it originates in a specific BBC use case, the Food Ontology should be applicable to a wide range of recipe data publishing across the web. + TTL + 2014/03/18 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/food-ontology + News and Media + Food and Beverage + 0.1 + + + MMO + Materials Mechanics Ontology (MMO) + The materials mechanics ontology is an application-level ontology that was created for supporting named entity recognition tasks for materials fatigue domain. The ontology covers some fairly general MSE concepts that could prospectively be merged into PMDco or other upper materials ontologies such as descriptions of crystallographic defects and microstructural entities. Furthermore, concepts related to the materials fatigue subdomain are also heavily incorporated. + Akhil Thomas, Ali Riza Durmaz + RDF + 2024-01-30 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://iwm-micro-mechanics-public.pages.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/materials-mechanics-ontology/index-en.html + Materials Science and Engineering + Scholarly Knowledge + 1.0.1 + + + AUTO + Automotive Ontology (AUTO) + The AUTOMOTIVE ONTOLOGY (AUTO) defines the shared conceptual structures in the automotive industry. It is an OWL ontology. It is built upon the auto schema.org extension created by the W3C Automotive Ontology Community Group. AUTO's development process follows the best practices established by the EDMC FIBO Community. + EDM Council + RDF + 2021-03-01 + MIT + https://github.com/edmcouncil/auto/tree/master + Industry + Automotive MFOEM @@ -1766,68 +1622,101 @@ Medicine Emotion - - VOAF - Vocabulary of a Friend (VOAF) - The Vocabulary of a Friend (VOAF) is a vocabulary specification providing elements allowing the description of vocabularies (RDFS vocabularies or OWL ontologies). It is based on Dublin Core and VOID. - Bernard Vatant - RDF - 2013-05-24 - Creative Commons 3.0 - https://lov.linkeddata.es/vocommons/voaf/v2.3/ + + SPDocument + SMART Protocols Ontology: Document Module (SP-Document) + SMART Protocols Ontology: Document Module is an ontology designed to represent metadata used to report an experimental protocol. + http://oxgiraldo.wordpress.com + OWL + 2013-07-01 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/SMARTProtocols/SMART-Protocols Scholarly Knowledge - Social Network - 2.3 + Materials Science + 4.0 - - AMOntology - Additive Manufacturing Ontology (AMOntology) - The AM ontology has been developed following two major milestones. The ontology developed within the first milestone includes AMProcessOntology, ModelOntology and AMOntology files. AMProcessOntology contains the set of entities used to capture knowledge about additive manufacturing processes. ModelOntology contains the set of entities used to capture knowledge about modeling concepts that represent (possibly) multi-physics multi-scale processes. AMOntology uses AMProcessOntology and ModelOntology files to describe entities that capture knowledge about characteristics of computational models for AM processes. - Iassou Souroko, Ali Riza Durmaz + + SSN + Semantic Sensor Network Ontology (SSN) + The Semantic Sensor Network (SSN) ontology is an ontology for describing sensors and their observations, the involved procedures, the studied features of interest, the samples used to do so, and the observed properties, as well as actuators. SSN follows a horizontal and vertical modularization architecture by including a lightweight but self-contained core ontology called SOSA (Sensor, Observation, Sample, and Actuator) for its elementary classes and properties. With their different scope and different degrees of axiomatization, SSN and SOSA are able to support a wide range of applications and use cases, including satellite imagery, large-scale scientific monitoring, industrial and household infrastructures, social sensing, citizen science, observation-driven ontology engineering, and the Web of Things. Both ontologies are described below, and examples of their usage are given. + W3C/OGC Spatial Data on the Web Working Group TTL - 2023-05-10 - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/iassouroko/AMontology + 2017-04-17 + http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/2015/copyright-software-and-document + https://github.com/w3c/sdw-sosa-ssn/tree/482484fe2edc1ba8aa7f19214a72bdb77123e833 Materials Science and Engineering - Manufacturing + Sensor Networks 1.0 - - DublinCore - Dublin Core Vocabulary (DublinCore) - The Dublin Core Schema is a small set of vocabulary terms that can be used to describe several kinds of resources. Dublin Core Metadata may be used for multiple purposes, from simple resource description, to combining metadata vocabularies of different metadata standards, to providing interoperability for metadata vocabularies in the Linked Data cloud and Semantic Web implementations. - The Dublin Core Metadata Initiative - RDF - February 17, 2017 - Public Domain - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/DC - General Knowledge - Metadata - 1.1 + + VIBSO + Vibrational Spectroscopy Ontology (VIBSO) + The Vibration Spectroscopy Ontology defines technical terms with which research data produced in vibrational spectroscopy experiments can be semantically enriched, made machine readable and FAIR. + VIBSO Workgroup + OWL + 2024-09-23 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/vibso + Chemistry + Spectroscopy + 2024-09-23 + + + ENVO + Environment Ontology (ENVO) + ENVO is an expressive, community ontology which helps humans, machines, and semantic web applications understand environmental entities of all kinds, from microscopic to intergalactic scales. As a FAIR-compliant resource, it promotes interoperability through the concise, controlled description of all things environmental. + Pier Luigi Buttigieg (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4366-3088) + OWL + 2024-07-01 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://obofoundry.org/ontology/envo.html + Ecology and Environment + Environment, Ecosystems, Habitats + 2024-07-01 + + + RXNO + Reaction Ontology (RXNO) + RXNO is the name reaction ontology. It contains more than 500 classes representing organic reactions such as the Diels–Alder cyclization. + OWL + 2021-12-16 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/rsc-ontologies/rxno + Chemistry - - OIECharacterisation - Open Innovation Environment Characterisation (OIECharacterisation) - EMMO-compliant, domain-level OIE ontology tackling the areas of characterization methods. - Daniele Toti, Gerhard Goldbeck, Pierluigi Del Nostro + + OIESoftware + Open Innovation Environment Software (OIESoftware) + EMMO-compliant, domain-level OIE ontology tackling the areas of software products. + Adham Hashibon, Daniele Toti, Emanuele Ghedini, Georg J. Schmitz, Gerhard Goldbeck, Jesper Friis, Pierluigi Del Nostro TTL Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) https://github.com/emmo-repo/OIE-Ontologies/ Materials Science and Engineering Materials + 0.1 - - AgrO - Agronomy Ontology (AgrO) - An ontology is a formal representation of a disciplinary domain, representing a semantic standard that can be employed to annotate data where key concepts are defined, as well as the relationships that exist between those concepts (Gruber, 2009). Ontologies provide a common language for different kinds of data to be easily interpretable and interoperable allowing easier aggregation and analysis. The Agronomy Ontology (AgrO) provides terms from the agronomy domain that are semantically organized and can facilitate the collection, storage and use of agronomic data, enabling easy interpretation and reuse of the data by humans and machines alike. To fully understand the implications of varying practices within cropping systems and derive insights, it is often necessary to pull together information from data in different disciplinary domains. For example, data on field management, soil, weather and crop phenotypes may need to be aggregated to assess performance of particular crop under different management interventions. However, agronomic data are often collected, described, and stored in inconsistent ways, impeding data comparison, mining, interpretation reuse. The use of standards for metadata and data annotation play a key role in addressing these challenges. While the CG Core Metadata Schema provides a metadata standard to describe agricultural datasets, the Agronomy Ontology enables the description of agronomic data variables using standard terms. - The Crop Ontology Consortium - RDF - 2022-11-02 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://agroportal.lirmm.fr/ontologies/AGRO?p=summary - Agriculture - Agronomy - 1.0 + + ONTORULE + Ontology for the Steel Domain (ONTORULE) + This deliverable consists of the ontology developed in ONTORULE for the steel industry use case. It is presented as an attachment to this document as an html document which was generated by SpecGen from the OWL file. The original OWL file is also included. This document describes the different concepts and attributes included in the ontology. For a better understanding of the decisions taken at the time of representing the knowledge in the ontology, the reader is encouraged to also read the document D5.4. + Diego Daz + TTL + 2010-05-31 + N/A + https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ISE-FIZKarlsruhe/mseo.github.io/master/Ontology_files/ONTORULEsteel.ttl + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + + + NanoMine + NanoMine Ontology (NanoMine) + Polymer Nanocomposites based ontology which enable researchers to develop and test broad-reaching hypotheses about how inter-relationships between different materials processing methods and composition result in specific changes in material properties. + TTL + APACHE 2.0 + https://github.com/tetherless-world/nanomine-ontology + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science GPO @@ -1840,252 +1729,354 @@ Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - - OntoKin - Chemical Kinetics Ontology (OntoKin) - OntoKin is an ontology developed for representing chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms. - IEEE - OWL - 08 February 2022 + + BVCO + Battery Value Chain Ontology (BVCO) + Basically, Battery Value Chain Ontology (BVCO) aims to model processes along the Battery value chain. Processes are holistic perspective elements that transform inputs/educts (matter, energy, information) into output/products (matter, energy, information) with the help of tools (devices, algorithms). They can be decomposed into sub-processes and have predecessor and successor processes. + Lukas Gold, Simon Stier + TTL + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/Battery-Value-Chain-Ontology/ontology + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + 0.4.3 + + + BBCBusiness + BBC Business News Ontology (BBCBusiness) + The Business News Ontology describes the concepts that occur in BBC business news. + https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/internet/authors/Jeremy_Tarling, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/amaalmohamed + TTL + 2014-11-09 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.ontologyportal.org/ - Chemistry - 1.0 + https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/business-news-ontology + News and Media + Business News + 0.5 - - FIX - FIX Ontology (FIX) - An ontology of physico-chemical methods and properties. + + OntoCAPE + Ontology of Computer-Aided Process Engineering (OntoCAPE) + OntoCAPE is a large-scale ontology for the domain of Computer Aided Process Engineering (CAPE). Represented in a formal, machine-interpretable ontology language, OntoCAPE captures consensual knowledge of the process engineering domain in a generic way such that it can be reused and shared by groups of people and across software systems. On the basis of OntoCAPE, novel software support for various engineering activities can be developed; possible applications include the systematic management and retrieval of simulation models and design documents, electronic procurement of plant equipment, mathematical modeling, as well as the integration of design data from distributed sources. + RWTH Aachen University OWL - 2020-04-13 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/FIX - Chemistry - Chemicals, Properties - 2020-04-13 + GNU General Public License. + https://www.avt.rwth-aachen.de/cms/avt/forschung/sonstiges/software/~ipts/ontocape/?lidx=1 + Materials Science and Engineering + Manufacturing + 2.0 - - LexInfo - LexInfo (LexInfo) - LexInfo allows us to associate linguistic information to elements in an ontology with respect to any level of linguistic description and expressivity. LexInfo has been implemented as an OWL ontology and is available together with an API. - RDF - Apache 2.0 - https://lexinfo.net/index.html - Scholarly Knowledge - Linguistics - 3.0 + + MGED + MGED Ontology (MGED) + An ontology for microarray experiments in support of MAGE v.1. Concepts, definitions, terms, and resources for standardized description of a microarray experiment in support of MAGE v.1. The MGED ontology is divided into the MGED Core ontology which is intended to be stable and in synch with MAGE v.1; and the MGED Extended ontology which adds further associations and classes not found in MAGE v.1 + Chris Stoeckert, Helen Parkinson, Trish Whetzel, Paul Spellman, Catherine A. Ball, Joseph White, John Matese, Liju Fan, Gilberto Fragoso, Mervi Heiskanen, Susanna Sansone, Helen Causton, Laurence Game, Chris Taylor + OWL + Feb. 9, 2007 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://mged.sourceforge.net/ontologies/MGEDontology.php/ + Biology and Life Sciences + Domain Ontology + 1.3.1.1 - - ChMO - Chemical Methods Ontology (ChMO) - The Chemical Methods Ontology contains more than 3000 classes and describes methods used to: - collect data in chemical experiments, such as mass spectrometry and electron microscopy. - prepare and separate material for further analysis, such as sample ionisation, chromatography, and electrophoresis - synthesise materials, such as epitaxy and continuous vapour deposition It also describes the instruments used in these experiments, such as mass spectrometers and chromatography columns and their outputs. + + Juso + Juso Ontology (Juso) + Juso Ontology is a Web vocabulary for describing geographical addresses and features. + James G. Kim, LiST Inc. + TTL + 2015-11-10 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://rdfs.co/juso/0.1.1/html + Geography + geographical knowledge + 0.1.1 + + + GEO + Geographical Entities Ontology (GEO) + Geographical Entities Ontology (GEO) is an inventory of geopolitical entities (such as sovereign states and their administrative subdivisions) as well as various geographical regions (including but not limited to the specific ones over which the governments have jurisdiction) + William R Hogan OWL - 2022-04-19 + 2019-02-17 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/rsc-ontologies/rsc-cmo - Chemistry + https://github.com/mcwdsi/geographical-entity-ontology/blob/master/geo-all.owl + Geography + Geographic Knowledge - - CDCO - Crystallographic Defect Core Ontology (CDCO) - CDCO defines the common terminology shared across all types of crystallographic defects, providing a unified framework for data integration in materials science. - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 + + HPOnt + The Heat Pump Ontology (HPOnt) + The Heat Pump Ontology (HPOnt) aims to formalize and represent all the relevant information of Heat Pumps. The HPOnt has been developed as part of the REACT project which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 824395. + REACT project team OWL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/cdco + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://react2020.github.io/REACT-ONTOLOGY/HPOnt/index-en.html/ Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 1.0.0 + 0.2 - - Wine - Wine Ontology (Wine) - A project to define an RDF style ontology for wines and the wine-industry + + MAT + Material Properties Ontology (MAT) + The Material Properties Ontology aims to provide the vocabulary to describe the building components, materials, and their corresponding properties, relevant within the construction industry. More specifically, the building elements and properties covered in this ontology support applications focused on the design of building renovation projects. + María Poveda-Villalón, Serge Chávez-Feria RDF - https://github.com/UCDavisLibrary/wine-ontology - Food and Beverage - Wine + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://bimerr.iot.linkeddata.es/def/material-properties/ + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Properties + 0.0.8 - - BBC - BBC Ontology (BBC) - The BBC ontology codifies the logic that connects web documents, BBC products and platforms for which content is available. Currently, there are 10 major products in Future Media which produce content for BBC online. The majority of those contain more products dedicated in thematic areas, for example Education propositions are part of the K&L (Knowledge and Learning) product portfolio. - LinkedData@bbc.co.uk + + MSEO + Materials Science and Engineering Ontology (MSEO) + MSEO utilizes the IOF Ontology stack giving materials scientists and engineers the ability to represent their experiments and resulting data. The goal is to create machine and human readable sematic data which can be easily digested by other science domains. It is a product of the joint venture Materials Open Lab Project between the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) and the Fraunhofer Group MATERIALS and uses the BWMD ontology created by Fraunhofer IWM as a starting point. + Thomas Hanke, Fraunhofer IWM TTL - 2012-12-01 + MIT License + https://github.com/Mat-O-Lab/MSEO + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science + + + ATOL + Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock (ATOL) + ATOL (Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock) is an ontology of characteristics defining phenotypes of livestock in their environment (EOL). ATOL aims to: - provide a reference ontology of phenotypic traits of farm animals for the international scientific and educational - communities, farmers, etc.; - deliver this reference ontology in a language which can be used by computers in order to support database management, semantic analysis and modeling; - represent traits as generic as possible for livestock vertebrates; - make the ATOL ontology as operational as possible and closely related to measurement techniques; - structure the ontology in relation to animal production. + INRAE, France + OWL + May 11, 2020 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/bbc-ontology/ - News and Media - News - 1.37 + https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/ATOL + Agriculture + Animal Science + 6.0 - - FoodOn - Food Ontology (FoodON) - FoodOn, the food ontology, contains vocabulary for naming food materials and their anatomical and taxonomic origins, from raw harvested food to processed food products, for humans and domesticated animals. It provides a neutral and ontology-driven standard for government agencies, industry, nonprofits and consumers to name and reference food products and their components throughout the food supply chain. + + REX + Physico-chemical process ontology (REX) + REX is an ontology of physico-chemical processes, i.e. physico-chemical changes occurring in course of time. REX includes both microscopic processes (involving molecular entities or subatomic particles) and macroscopic processes. Some biochemical processes from Gene Ontology (GO Biological process) can be described as instances of REX. + University of Warsaw + OWL + 2025-03-11 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/REX + Chemistry + 1.0 + + + GO + Gene Ontology (GO) + The Gene Ontology (GO) Provides structured controlled vocabularies for the annotation of gene products with respect to their molecular function, cellular component, and biological role. + OWL + 2024-11-03 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://geneontology.org/docs/download-ontology/ + Biology and Life Sciences + Molecular Biology, Genetics + + + OntoKin + Chemical Kinetics Ontology (OntoKin) + OntoKin is an ontology developed for representing chemical kinetic reaction mechanisms. + IEEE + OWL + 08 February 2022 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://www.ontologyportal.org/ + Chemistry + 1.0 + + + IAO + Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) + The Information Artifact Ontology (IAO) is an ontology of information entities, originally driven by work by the OBI digital entity and realizable information entity branch. OWL - 2025-01-16 + 2022-11-07 Creative Commons 4.0 - http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/foodon.owl - Agriculture - Diet, Metabolomics, and Nutrition + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/IAO + General Knowledge + Information, Data, Knowledge - - CiTO - Citation Typing Ontology (CiTO) - The Citation Typing Ontology (CiTO) is an ontology that enables characterization of the nature or type of citations, both factually and rhetorically. - Silvio Peroni, David Shotton + + PATO + Phenotype and Trait Ontology (PATO) + An ontology of phenotypic qualities (properties, attributes or characteristics). OWL - 2018-02-16 + 2025-02-01 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/SPAROntologies/cito/tree/master/docs/current - Scholarly Knowledge - Scholarly Communication - 2.8.1 + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/PATO + Biology and Life Sciences + Biology + 1.2 - - MatVoc - Materials Vocabulary (MatVoc) - The official ontology produced in the context of the STREAM project. - Tatyana Sheveleva, Javad Chamanara - RDF - 2022-12-12 - MIT License - https://stream-project.github.io/#overv + + CIFCore + Crystallographic Information Framework Core Dictionary (CIFCore) + (1) to explain the historical development of CIF dictionaries to define in a machine-actionable manner the contents of data files covering various aspects of crystallography and related structural sciences; (2) to demonstrate some of the more complex types of information that can be handled with this approach. + TTL + May 24, 2023 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/CIF-ontology?tab=readme-ov-file Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 1.0.0 + 0.1.0 - - SUMO - Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) - The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) and its domain ontologies form the largest formal public ontology in existence today. They are being used for research and applications in search, linguistics and reasoning. SUMO is the only formal ontology that has been mapped to all of the WordNet lexicon. + + PO + Plant Ontology (PO) + The Plant Ontology (PO) is a structured vocabulary and database resource that links plant anatomy, morphology and growth and development to plant genomics data. OWL - 2025-02-17 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.ontologyportal.org/ - Upper Ontology - 1.0 + https://github.com/Planteome/plant-ontology + Agriculture + Plant Anatomy, Morphology, Growth and Development - - SPDocument - SMART Protocols Ontology: Document Module (SP-Document) - SMART Protocols Ontology: Document Module is an ontology designed to represent metadata used to report an experimental protocol. - http://oxgiraldo.wordpress.com + + Conference + Conference Ontology (Conference) + The conference-ontology is a new self-contained ontology for modeling knowledge about conferences. The conference-ontology adopts the best ontology design practices (e.g., Ontology Design Patterns, ontology reuse and interlinking) and guarantees interoperability with SWC ontology and all other pertinent vocabularies. + Aldo Gangemi et al. + OWL + 2016/04/30 + Creative Commons 3.0 + http://www.scholarlydata.org/ontology/conference-ontology.owl + Events + Conferences + + + LDO + Line Defect Ontology (LDO) + LDO is an ontology designed to describe line defects in crystalline materials, such as dislocations and disclinations. + https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 OWL - 2013-07-01 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/SMARTProtocols/SMART-Protocols - Scholarly Knowledge - Materials Science - 4.0 + https://github.com/OCDO/ldo + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Defects + 1.0.0 - - AFO - Allotrope Foundation Ontology (AFO) - The AFO is an ontology suite that provides a standard vocabulary and semantic model for the representation of laboratory analytical processes. The AFO suite is aligned at the upper layer to the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). The core domains modeled include, Equipment, Material, Process, and Results. This artifact contains all triples of Allotrope Foundation Merged Without QUDT Ontology Suite (REC/2023/12) together with triples inferred with HermiT. - Allotrope Foundation - TTL - 2024-06-28 - CC BY 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/AFO - Chemistry - Laboratory Analytical Processes - 2024-06 + + EFO + Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) + The Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) provides a systematic description of many experimental variables available in EBI databases, and for projects such as the GWAS catalog. It combines parts of several biological ontologies, such as UBERON anatomy, ChEBI chemical compounds, and Cell Ontology. The scope of EFO is to support the annotation, analysis and visualization of data handled by many groups at the EBI and as the core ontology for Open Targets. EFO is developed by the EMBL-EBI Samples, Phenotypes and Ontologies Team (SPOT). + OWL + 2025-02-17 + Apache 2.0 + https://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo + Biology and Life Sciences + Biology + 3.75.0 - - MMO - Materials Mechanics Ontology (MMO) - The materials mechanics ontology is an application-level ontology that was created for supporting named entity recognition tasks for materials fatigue domain. The ontology covers some fairly general MSE concepts that could prospectively be merged into PMDco or other upper materials ontologies such as descriptions of crystallographic defects and microstructural entities. Furthermore, concepts related to the materials fatigue subdomain are also heavily incorporated. - Akhil Thomas, Ali Riza Durmaz + + PRotein + Protein Ontology (PRO) + The PRotein Ontology (PRO) formally defines taxon-specific and taxon-neutral protein-related entities in three major areas: proteins related by evolution; proteins produced from a given gene; and protein-containing complexes. RDF - 2024-01-30 + 08:08:2024 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://iwm-micro-mechanics-public.pages.fraunhofer.de/ontologies/materials-mechanics-ontology/index-en.html - Materials Science and Engineering - Scholarly Knowledge - 1.0.1 - - - Common - Common Ontology (Common) - Ontology for the representation of commons elements in the Trias ontology - Jhon Toledo, Miguel Angel García, Oscar Corcho - RDF - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://w3id.org/mobility/trias/common/0.1.0 - Education - Computer Science - 0.1.0 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/pr.owl + Medicine + Protein + 1.2 - - ATOL - Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock (ATOL) - ATOL (Animal Trait Ontology for Livestock) is an ontology of characteristics defining phenotypes of livestock in their environment (EOL). ATOL aims to: - provide a reference ontology of phenotypic traits of farm animals for the international scientific and educational - communities, farmers, etc.; - deliver this reference ontology in a language which can be used by computers in order to support database management, semantic analysis and modeling; - represent traits as generic as possible for livestock vertebrates; - make the ATOL ontology as operational as possible and closely related to measurement techniques; - structure the ontology in relation to animal production. - INRAE, France + + OBI + Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) + The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) helps you communicate clearly about scientific investigations by defining more than 2500 terms for assays, devices, objectives, and more. OWL - May 11, 2020 + 2025-01-09 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/ATOL - Agriculture - Animal Science - 6.0 + https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/tree/master + Medicine + Biomedical Investigations - - PPlan - Ontology for Provenance and Plans (P-Plan) - The Ontology for Provenance and Plans (P-Plan) is an extension of the PROV-O ontology [PROV-O] created to represent the plans that guided the execution of scientific processes. P-Plan describes how the plans are composed and their correspondence to provenance records that describe the execution itself. - http://www.isi.edu/~gil/ + + QUDV + Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Values (QUDV) + The SysML QUDV (Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Values) modelLibrary is specified in a UML/SysML class/block diagram. In order to generalize its potential usage and alignment with other standardization efforts concerning quantities and units, it is of interest to verify that the QUDV model can also be represented in the form of an ontology using a formal ontology definition language. + SysML OWL - 2014-03-12 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://vocab.linkeddata.es/p-plan/index.html - Scholarly Knowledge - 1.3 + 2009-10-30 + Apache License 2.0 + https://www.omgwiki.org/OMGSysML/doku.php?id=sysml-qudv:qudv_owl + Units and Measurements + 2009-10-30 - - DoCO - Document Components Ontology (DoCO) - DoCO, the Document Components Ontology, is an OWL 2 DL ontology that provides a general-purpose structured vocabulary of document elements. DoCO has been designed as a general unifying ontological framework for describing different aspects related to the content of scientific and other scholarly texts. Its primary goal has been to improve the interoperability and shareability of academic documents (and related services) when multiple formats are actually used for their storage. - David Shotton and Silvio Peroni + + BIO + BIO: A vocabulary for biographical information (BIO) + The BIO vocabulary contains terms useful for finding out more about people and their backgrounds and has some cross-over into genealogical information. The approach taken is to describe a person's life as a series of interconnected key events, around which other information can be woven. This vocabulary defines the event framework and supplies a set of core event types that cover many use cases, but it is expected that it will be extended in other vocabularies to suit their needs. The intention of this vocabulary is to describe biographical events of people and this intention carries through to the definitions of the properties and classes which are person-centric rather than neutral. For example the Employment event puts the person being employed as the principal agent in the event rather than the employer. + Ian Davis and David Galbraith RDF - 2015-07-03 - Creative Commons 4.0 - http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/doco - Education - document components - 1.3 + 2010-05-10 + Public Domain + https://vocab.org/bio/ + Social Sciences + Biographical Information + 0.1 - - GFO - General Formal Ontology (GFO) - The General Formal Ontology is a top-level ontology for conceptual modeling, which is being constantly further developed by Onto-Med. It includes elaborations of categories like objects, processes, time and space, properties, relations, roles, functions, facts, and situations. Moreover, we are working on an integration with the notion of levels of reality in order to more appropriately capture entities in the material, mental, and social areas. + + GTS + Geologic Timescale model (GTS) + This is an RDF/OWL representation of the GeoSciML Geologic Timescale model, which has been adapted from the model described in Cox, S.J.D, & Richard, S.M. (2005) A formal model for the geologic timescale and GSSP, compatible with geospatial information transfer standards, Geosphere, Geological Society of America. + Simon J D Cox (simon.cox@csiro.au) of CSIRO + TTL + 2020-05-31 + Creative Commons 1.0 + https://raw.githack.com/CGI-IUGS/timescale-ont/master/html/gts.html + Geography + geospatial Information, Geology + 1.0 + + + ChEBI + Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) + Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) is a dictionary of molecular entities focused on ‘small’ chemical compounds. The term ‘molecular entity’ refers to any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer, etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. The molecular entities in question are either products of nature or synthetic products used to intervene in the processes of living organisms. ChEBI incorporates an ontological classification, whereby the relationships between molecular entities or classes of entities and their parents and/or children are specified. OWL - 2024-11-18 + 01/01/2025 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://onto-med.github.io/GFO/release/2024-11-18/index-en.html - Upper Ontology + https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/ + Chemistry + Chemical Entities + 239 - - MaterialInformation - Material Information Ontology (MaterialInformation) - The Material Information ontology is divided into smaller ontologies (partitions). The partitions are Environment, Geometry, Material Information, Manufacturing Process, Property, Substance, Unit Dimension, Structure, Equation and Physical Constant. - Toshihiro Ashino + + RO + Relation Ontology (RO) + The Relations Ontology (RO) is a collection of OWL relations (ObjectProperties) intended for use across a wide variety of biological ontologies. + OWL + 2024-04-24 + CC0 + http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro.owl + General Knowledge + Relations + 2024-04-24 + + + MDO + Materials Design Ontology (MDO) + MDO is an ontology for materials design field, representing the domain knowledge specifically related to solid-state physics and computational materials science. + Materials Design Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) OWL - https://github.com/EngyNasr/MSE-Benchmark/blob/main/testCases/secondTestCase/MaterialInformation.owl + 2022-08-02 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://github.com/LiUSemWeb/Materials-Design-Ontology/tree/master/ Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science + Materials Design + 1.1 - - CMSO - Computational Material Sample Ontology (CMSO) - CMSO is an ontology that aims to describe computational materials science samples (or structures), including crystalline defects. Initially focusing on the description at the atomic scale. - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 + + SystemCapabilities + System Capabilities Ontology (SystemCapabilities) + This ontology describes system capabilities, operating ranges, and survival ranges. + W3C/OGC Spatial Data on the Web Working Group OWL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/cmso/tree/main + 2017-05-14 + W3C Software and Document License + https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/SSNSYSTEM Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Science - 0.0.1 + Materials Science, Engineering, Systems DataCite @@ -2100,134 +2091,143 @@ Metadata 3.1 - - LDO - Line Defect Ontology (LDO) - LDO is an ontology designed to describe line defects in crystalline materials, such as dislocations and disclinations. - https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7564-7990 - OWL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/OCDO/ldo - Materials Science and Engineering - Materials Defects - 1.0.0 + + PTO + Product Types Ontology (PTO) + The Product Types Ontology is designed to be used in combination with GoodRelations, a standard vocabulary for the commercial aspects of offers. + Martin Hepp + RDF + 2025-02-21 + Creative Commons 3.0 + http://www.productontology.org/ + Industry + 1.0 - - MSEO - Materials Science and Engineering Ontology (MSEO) - MSEO utilizes the IOF Ontology stack giving materials scientists and engineers the ability to represent their experiments and resulting data. The goal is to create machine and human readable sematic data which can be easily digested by other science domains. It is a product of the joint venture Materials Open Lab Project between the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM) and the Fraunhofer Group MATERIALS and uses the BWMD ontology created by Fraunhofer IWM as a starting point. - Thomas Hanke, Fraunhofer IWM + + Atomistic + Atomistic Ontology (Atomistic) + An EMMO-based domain ontology for atomistic and electronic modelling. + Francesca L. Bleken, Jesper Friis TTL - MIT License - https://github.com/Mat-O-Lab/MSEO + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-atomistic Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science + 0.0.2 - - BFO - Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) - The Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) is a small, upper-level ontology that describes the basic types of entities in the world and how they relate to each other. - University at Buffalo - OWL - 2020 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://github.com/BFO-ontology/BFO-2020/ - Upper Ontology - Basic - 2.0 - - - NMRCV - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Controlled Vocabulary (NMRCV) - This artefact is an MSI-approved controlled vocabulary primarily developed under COSMOS EU and PhenoMeNal EU governance. The nmrCV is supporting the nmrML XML format with standardized terms. nmrML is a vendor agnostic open access NMR raw data standard. Its primaly role is analogous to the mzCV for the PSI-approved mzML XML format. It uses BFO2.0 as its Top level. This CV was derived from two predecessors (The NMR CV from the David Wishart Group, developed by Joseph Cruz) and the MSI nmr CV developed by Daniel Schober at the EBI. This simple taxonomy of terms (no DL semantics used) serves the nuclear magnetic resonance markup language (nmrML) with meaningful descriptors to amend the nmrML xml file with CV terms. Metabolomics scientists are encouraged to use this CV to annotrate their raw and experimental context data, i.e. within nmrML. The approach to have an exchange syntax mixed of an xsd and CV stems from the PSI mzML effort. The reason to branch out from an xsd into a CV is, that in areas where the terminology is likely to change faster than the nmrML xsd could be updated and aligned, an externally and decentrallised maintained CV can accompensate for such dynamics in a more flexible way. A second reason for this set-up is that semantic validity of CV terms used in an nmrML XML instance (allowed CV terms, position/relation to each other, cardinality) can be validated by rule-based proprietary validators: By means of cardinality specifications and XPath expressions defined in an XML mapping file (an instances of the CvMappingRules.xsd ), one can define what ontology terms are allowed in a specific location of the data model. - Daniel Schober + + PROCO + PROcess Chemistry Ontology (PROCO) + PROCO (PROcess Chemistry Ontology) is a formal ontology that aims to standardly represent entities and relations among entities in the domain of process chemistry. + Anna Dun, Wes A. Schafer, Yongqun "Oliver" He (YH), Zachary Dance OWL - 2017-10-19 + 04-14-2022 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/NMRCV + https://github.com/proco-ontology/PROCO Chemistry - 1.1.0 + Chemicals, Processes + 04-14-2022 - - BBCSport - BBC Sport Ontology (BBCSport) - The Sport Ontology is a simple lightweight ontology for publishing data about competitive sports events. The terms in this ontology allow data to be published about: The structure of sports tournaments as a series of eventsThe competing of agents in a competitionThe type of discipline a event involvesThe award associated with the competition and how received it...etc Whilst it originates in a specific BBC use case, the Sport Ontology should be applicable to a wide range of competitive sporting events data publishing use cases. Care has been taken to try and ensure interoperability with more general ontologies in use. In particular, it draws heavily upon the events ontology. - https://uk.linkedin.com/pub/jem-rayfield/27/b19/757, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/paulwilton, https://www.blockslabpillar.com, https://www.linkedin.com/in/tfgrahame, https://uk.linkedin.com/pub/stuart-williams/8/684/351, https://uk.linkedin.com/in/brianwmcbride - TTL - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport-ontology - News and Media - Sport - 3.2 + + LODE + Linking Open Descriptions of Events (LODE) + People conventionally refer to an action or occurrence taking place at a certain time at a specific location as an event. This notion is potentially useful for connecting individual facts recorded in the rapidly growing collection of linked data sets and for discovering more complex relationships between data. The LODE provide an overview and comparison of existing event models, looking at the different choices they make of how to represent events. It is a model for publishing records of events as Linked Data. A tools for populating this model and a prototype “event directory” web service, which can be used to locate stable URIs for events that have occurred, provide RDFS+OWL descriptions and link to related resources. + Ryan Shaw + RDF + 2020-10-31 + Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 + https://linkedevents.org/ontology/ + Events + 2020-10-31 - - REX - Physico-chemical process ontology (REX) - REX is an ontology of physico-chemical processes, i.e. physico-chemical changes occurring in course of time. REX includes both microscopic processes (involving molecular entities or subatomic particles) and macroscopic processes. Some biochemical processes from Gene Ontology (GO Biological process) can be described as instances of REX. - University of Warsaw + + MOLTENSILE + Matolab Tensile Test Ontology (MOL_TENSILE) + An ontology for describing the tensile test process, made in the Materials Open Lab Project. + Markus Schilling, markus.schilling@bam.de; Philipp von Hartrott, philipp.von.hartrott@iwm.fraunhofer.de + RDF + 04/16/2021 + Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) + https://matportal.org/ontologies/MOL_TENSILE + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Testings + 0.4 + + + MAMBO + Molecules And Materials Basic Ontology (MAMBO) + MAMBO (Molecules And Materials Basic Ontology) is a domain ontology for molecular materials. Its main targets are: Allowing the retrieval of structured information regarding molecular materials and related applications (i.e. devices based on molecular materials) Supporting the development of new, complex workflows for modelling systems based on molecular materials (computational modelling and data-driven techniques) Integrating data generated via computational simulations and empirical experiments. OWL - 2025-03-11 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/REX - Chemistry - 1.0 + General Public License v3.0 (GPL-3.0) + https://github.com/daimoners/MAMBO + Materials Science and Engineering + Materials Science - - SAREF - Smart Applications REFerence ontology (SAREF) - The Smart Applications REFerence (SAREF) suite of ontologies forms a shared model of consensus intended to enable semantic interoperability between solutions from different providers and among various activity sectors in the Internet of Things (IoT), thus contributing to the development of data spaces. SAREF is published as a set of open standards produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine communications (SmartM2M). - ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine communications (SmartM2M) + + DoCO + Document Components Ontology (DoCO) + DoCO, the Document Components Ontology, is an OWL 2 DL ontology that provides a general-purpose structured vocabulary of document elements. DoCO has been designed as a general unifying ontological framework for describing different aspects related to the content of scientific and other scholarly texts. Its primary goal has been to improve the interoperability and shareability of academic documents (and related services) when multiple formats are actually used for their storage. + David Shotton and Silvio Peroni RDF - 2020-12-31 - https://saref.etsi.org/core/v3.2.1/ - Web and Internet - interoperability - 3.2.1 + 2015-07-03 + Creative Commons 4.0 + http://www.sparontologies.net/ontologies/doco + Education + document components + 1.3 - - DUO - Data Use Ontology (DUO) - DUO is an ontology which represent data use conditions. + + UMBEL + Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer Vocabulary (UMBEL) + UMBEL is the Upper Mapping and Binding Exchange Layer, designed to help content interoperate on the Web. UMBEL provides two valuable functions: First, it is a broad, general reference structure of 34,000 concepts, which provides a scaffolding to link and interoperate other datasets and domain vocabularies. Second, it is a base vocabulary for the construction of other concept-based domain ontologies, also designed for interoperation. + n3 + May 10, 2016 + https://github.com/structureddynamics/UMBEL/tree/master/Ontology + General Knowledge + Web Development + 1.50 + + + DOLCE + Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) + The Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering (DOLCE) is a foundational ontology that provides a conceptual framework for the formalization of domain ontologies. + Laboratory for Applied Ontology, ISTC-CNR OWL - 2025-02-17 Creative Commons 4.0 - https://terminology.tib.eu/ts/ontologies/DUO/ - Scholarly Knowledge - 1.0 + https://www.loa.istc.cnr.it/index.php/dolce/ + Upper Ontology + Linguistics, Cognitive Science - - BBCCoreConcepts - BBC Core Concepts Ontology (BBCCoreConcepts) - The generic BBC ontology for people, places, events, organisations, themes which represent things that make sense across the BBC. This model is meant to be generic enough, and allow clients (domain experts) link their own concepts e.g., athletes or politicians using rdfs:sublClassOf the particular concept. - jeremy.tarling@bbc.co.uk, tom.hodgkinson@bbc.co.uk - TTL - 2019-11-21 - Creative Commons 4.0 - https://www.bbc.co.uk/ontologies/core-concepts-ontology - News and Media - Core Concepts - 1.30 + + MatOnto + Material Ontology (MatOnto) + The Material Ontology (MatOnto) is based on the upper level ontology, the BFO. + OWL + https://github.com/EngyNasr/MSE-Benchmark/blob/main/testCases/secondTestCase/MatOnto.owl + Materials Science and Engineering + Scholarly Knowledge - - Atomistic - Atomistic Ontology (Atomistic) - An EMMO-based domain ontology for atomistic and electronic modelling. - Francesca L. Bleken, Jesper Friis - TTL - Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) - https://github.com/emmo-repo/domain-atomistic + + DISO + Dislocation Ontology (DISO) + DISO is an ontology that defines the linear defect, in particular dislocation concepts and relations between them in crystalline materials. + Ahmad Zainul Ihsan + OWL + 21.03.202 + Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International (CC BY 3.0) + https://github.com/Materials-Data-Science-and-Informatics/dislocation-ontology Materials Science and Engineering Materials Science - 0.0.2 + 1.0 - - EXPO - Ontology of Scientific Experiments (EXPO) - Formalise generic knowledge about scientific experimental design, methodology, and results representation. + + GFO + General Formal Ontology (GFO) + The General Formal Ontology is a top-level ontology for conceptual modeling, which is being constantly further developed by Onto-Med. It includes elaborations of categories like objects, processes, time and space, properties, relations, roles, functions, facts, and situations. Moreover, we are working on an integration with the notion of levels of reality in order to more appropriately capture entities in the material, mental, and social areas. OWL - Academic Free License (AFL) - https://expo.sourceforge.net/ - Scholarly Knowledge - Scientific Experiments + 2024-11-18 + Creative Commons 4.0 + https://onto-med.github.io/GFO/release/2024-11-18/index-en.html + Upper Ontology \ No newline at end of file