bundle update (rails#50516)

This commit is meant to accomplish two things:
- update gems with precompiled C extensions (nokogiri) so that Rails'
  lockfile can be `bundle install`d on Ruby 3.3
- remove some Gemfile conditionals for Ruby < 3 now that 3.1 is the
  minimum version

Additionally, a requirement is added to ignore mdl 0.13.0 because it
raises false positive warnings. The commit introducing those warnings
has been reverted but there has not been a release since the revert.

Author: skipkayhil

Gemfile

@@ -3,24 +3,15 @@
 source "https://rubygems.org"
 gemspec
 
-if RUBY_VERSION < "3"
-  gem "minitest", ">= 5.15.0", "< 5.16"
-else
-  gem "minitest", ">= 5.15.0"
-end
+gem "minitest", ">= 5.15.0"
 
 # We need a newish Rake since Active Job sets its test tasks' descriptions.
 gem "rake", ">= 13"
 
 gem "sprockets-rails", ">= 2.0.0"
 gem "propshaft", ">= 0.1.7"
 gem "capybara", ">= 3.39"
-if RUBY_VERSION < "3"
-  gem "selenium-webdriver", "<= 4.9.0"
-  gem "webdrivers"
-else
-  gem "selenium-webdriver", ">= 4.11.0"
-end
+gem "selenium-webdriver", ">= 4.11.0"
 
 gem "rack-cache", "~> 1.2"
 gem "stimulus-rails"
@@ -62,7 +53,7 @@ group :rubocop do
 end
 
 group :mdl do
-  gem "mdl", require: false
+  gem "mdl", "!= 0.13.0", require: false
 end
 
 group :doc do