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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: src/connections/destinations/catalog/actions-google-analytics-4/index.md
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When you have Segment installed, you can use your existing tracking implementation to fulfill your data collection needs with Google Analytics 4. Segment will send your data server-side to [Google's Measurement Protocol API](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/protocol/ga4){:target='_blank'}.
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> Google Analytics 4 does not officially support a pure server-to-server integration, however Segment continues to monitor the capabilities of the Measurement Protocol API and will make updates accordingly to achieve a reasonable level of reporting for our mutual customers. Segment does not have plans to build a device-mode integration with Gtag for Google Analytics 4.
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> Google Analytics 4 doesn't officially support a pure server-to-server integration. However, Segment monitors the capabilities of the Measurement Protocol API and updates accordingly to achieve a reasonable level of reporting for mutual customers. Segment doesn't plan to build a device-mode integration with Gtag for Google Analytics 4.
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> success "Good to know"
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> This page is about the [Actions-framework](/docs/connections/destinations/actions/) Google Analytics 4 destination. There's also a page about the [non-Actions Google Universal Analytics destination](/docs/connections/destinations/catalog/google-analytics/). Both of these destinations receive data _from_ Segment.
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> In all cases, event names in GA4 are case sensitive. The Custom Event action includes a **Lowercase Event Name** option, to ensure consistency of all events sent to Google. For more information, see Google's articles [Google Analytics 4 event name rules](https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/10085872?hl=en&ref_topic=9756175#event-name-rules){:target='_blank'} and [Event name limitations](https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/protocol/ga4/sending-events?client_type=firebase){:target="_blank"}.
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#### Custom Dimensions & Metrics
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With Google Analytics 4, you must create custom dimensions and metrics within the Google Analytics 4 interface and link parameters to the corresponding dimension or metric. When creating the dimension or metric, you can either select a parameter from the list of already collected fields or enter the name of the parameter you plan to collect in the future. Custom dimensions can be either event-scoped or user-scoped, and custom metrics must always be event-scoped. To send parameters to Google Analytics 4, use the Event Parameters or User Properties object available on every action. Google will silently drop any events that include nested parameters so please ensure you are only passing flat key-value pairs in the Event Parameters and User Properties objects.
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#### Custom Dimensions and Metrics
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With Google Analytics 4, you must create custom dimensions and metrics within the Google Analytics 4 interface and link parameters to the corresponding dimension or metric. When creating the dimension or metric, you can either select a parameter from the list of already collected fields or enter the name of the parameter you plan to collect in the future. Custom dimensions can be either event-scoped or user-scoped, and custom metrics must always be event-scoped. To send parameters to Google Analytics 4, use the Event Parameters or User Properties object available on every action. Only pass flat key-value pairs in the Event Parameters and User Properties objects. Google silently drops any events that include nested parameters.
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To achieve parity with Universal Analytics, you'll probably want to create the same custom dimensions that you defined in Universal Analytics. Additionally, many of the values that you tracked as event dimensions in Universal Analytics, particularly event category and event label, should be recreated in Google Analytics 4 as custom dimensions. For more information, see Google’s [Google Analytics 4 Custom dimensions and metrics](https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/10075209){:target='_blank'}.
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#### Tracking Active Users & Sessions
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#### Tracking Active Users and Sessions
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The Google Analytics 4 reports will only display active users who engage with your site for a non-zero amount of time. To ensure users are rendered in reports, Segment sets the `engagement_time_msec` parameter to 1 by default. If you track engagement time on your Segment events, you can use the **Engagement Time in Milliseconds** field mapping to set `engagement_time_msec` to a different value.
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If you choose to integrate with Google Analytics 4 client-side (using Gtag outside of Segment) _and_ also use Segment's Google Analytics 4 destination to send events through the API, you can track sessions server-side. When using Gtag, [Google generates a `session_id` and `session_number` when a session begins](https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/9191807?hl=en){:target='_blank'}. The `session_id` and `session_number` generated on the client can be passed as Event Parameters to stitch events sent through the API with the same session that was collected client-side.
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