feature symfony#52369 [DependencyInjection] Add urlencode function to EnvVarProcessor (crtl)

This PR was squashed before being merged into the 7.1 branch.

Discussion
----------

[DependencyInjection] Add `urlencode` function to `EnvVarProcessor`

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Branch?       | 6.4
| Bug fix?      | no
| New feature?  | yes
| Deprecations? | no
| License       | MIT

This PR adds `urlencode` to the default `EnvVarProcessor` to allow encoding environment variables in config files.
The comes handy when environment variables are provided by the OS and not through .env because those values are often not  compatible with DSN syntax for doctrine or mailer components.

In my case our app was deployed on an AWS stack and environment variables for SMPT and database where automatically provided in the deployment process and replaced in the respective .env files.
Because those values where not encoded they would cause issues with DSN format requireing me to commit them in my `.env.prod` which circumvents the purpose of the whole system.

Usage:
```yaml
# config/packages/mailer.yaml
framework:
    mailer:
        dsn: 'smtp://%env(urlencode:SMTP_USER)%:%env(urlencode:SMTP_PASSWORD)%@%env(urlencode:SMTP_HOST)%?encryption=%env(SMTP_ENCRYPTION)%&port=%env(SMTP_PORT)%&auth_mode=login'
```

Commits
-------

1439858 [DependencyInjection] Add `urlencode` function to `EnvVarProcessor`

Author: fabpot

src/Symfony/Component/DependencyInjection/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ CHANGELOG
  * Deprecate `ContainerAwareInterface` and `ContainerAwareTrait`, use dependency injection instead
  * Add `defined` env var processor that returns `true` for defined and neither null nor empty env vars
  * Add `#[AutowireLocator]` and `#[AutowireIterator]` attributes
+ * Add `urlencode` env var processor that url encodes a string value
 
 6.3
 ---

src/Symfony/Component/DependencyInjection/EnvVarProcessor.php

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ public static function getProvidedTypes(): array
             'enum' => \BackedEnum::class,
             'shuffle' => 'array',
             'defined' => 'bool',
+            'urlencode' => 'string',
         ];
     }
 
@@ -344,6 +345,10 @@ public function getEnv(string $prefix, string $name, \Closure $getEnv): mixed
             return trim($env);
         }
 
+        if ('urlencode' === $prefix) {
+            return rawurlencode($env);
+        }
+
         throw new RuntimeException(sprintf('Unsupported env var prefix "%s" for env name "%s".', $prefix, $name));
     }
 }

src/Symfony/Component/DependencyInjection/Tests/Compiler/RegisterEnvVarProcessorsPassTest.php

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ public function testSimpleProcessor()
             'enum' => [\BackedEnum::class],
             'shuffle' => ['array'],
             'defined' => ['bool'],
+            'urlencode' => ['string'],
         ];
 
         $this->assertSame($expected, $container->getParameterBag()->getProvidedTypes());

src/Symfony/Component/DependencyInjection/Tests/EnvVarProcessorTest.php

@@ -959,6 +959,17 @@ public function testGetEnvDefined(bool $expected, callable $callback)
         $this->assertSame($expected, (new EnvVarProcessor(new Container()))->getEnv('defined', 'NO_SOMETHING', $callback));
     }
 
+    public function testGetEnvUrlencode()
+    {
+        $processor = new EnvVarProcessor(new Container());
+
+        $result = $processor->getEnv('urlencode', 'URLENCODETEST', function () {
+            return 'foo: Data123!@-_ + bar: Not the same content as Data123!@-_ +';
+        });
+
+        $this->assertSame('foo%3A%20Data123%21%40-_%20%2B%20bar%3A%20Not%20the%20same%20content%20as%20Data123%21%40-_%20%2B', $result);
+    }
+
     public static function provideGetEnvDefined(): iterable
     {
         yield 'Defined' => [true, fn () => 'foo'];