diff --git a/doc/changes/dev/13428.bugfix.rst b/doc/changes/dev/13428.bugfix.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..513bbcf697b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/changes/dev/13428.bugfix.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Preserve event-to-epoch mapping when exporting EEGLAB .set files by `Scott Huberty`_
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/mne/export/_eeglab.py b/mne/export/_eeglab.py
index 459207f0616..c73243b0311 100644
--- a/mne/export/_eeglab.py
+++ b/mne/export/_eeglab.py
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 # License: BSD-3-Clause
 # Copyright the MNE-Python contributors.
 
+from inspect import getfullargspec
+
 import numpy as np
 
 from ..annotations import _sync_onset
@@ -64,6 +66,11 @@ def _export_epochs(fname, epochs):
     else:
         annot = None
 
+    # https://github.com/jackz314/eeglabio/pull/18
+    kwargs = dict()
+    if "epoch_indices" in getfullargspec(eeglabio.epochs.export_set).kwonlyargs:
+        kwargs["epoch_indices"] = epochs.selection
+
     eeglabio.epochs.export_set(
         fname,
         data=epochs.get_data(picks=ch_names),
@@ -75,6 +82,7 @@ def _export_epochs(fname, epochs):
         event_id=epochs.event_id,
         ch_locs=cart_coords,
         annotations=annot,
+        **kwargs,
     )
 
 
diff --git a/mne/export/tests/test_export.py b/mne/export/tests/test_export.py
index 6f712923c7d..743491f26c9 100644
--- a/mne/export/tests/test_export.py
+++ b/mne/export/tests/test_export.py
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     _check_edfio_installed,
     _record_warnings,
     _resource_path,
+    check_version,
     object_diff,
 )
 
@@ -534,7 +535,7 @@ def test_export_raw_edf_does_not_fail_on_empty_header_fields(tmp_path):
     raw.export(tmp_path / "test.edf", add_ch_type=True)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.xfail(reason="eeglabio (usage?) bugs that should be fixed")
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not check_version("eeglabio", "0.1.2"), reason="fixed by 0.1.2")
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("preload", (True, False))
 def test_export_epochs_eeglab(tmp_path, preload):
     """Test saving an Epochs instance to EEGLAB's set format."""
diff --git a/mne/io/eeglab/eeglab.py b/mne/io/eeglab/eeglab.py
index b5b57588acd..83148666ffa 100644
--- a/mne/io/eeglab/eeglab.py
+++ b/mne/io/eeglab/eeglab.py
@@ -631,13 +631,14 @@ def __init__(
                     event_type = "/".join([str(et) for et in ep.eventtype])
                     event_name.append(event_type)
                     # store latency of only first event
-                    event_latencies.append(events[ev_idx].latency)
+                    # -1 to account for Matlab 1-based indexing of samples
+                    event_latencies.append(events[ev_idx].latency - 1)
                     ev_idx += len(ep.eventtype)
                     warn_multiple_events = True
                 else:
                     event_type = ep.eventtype
                     event_name.append(ep.eventtype)
-                    event_latencies.append(events[ev_idx].latency)
+                    event_latencies.append(events[ev_idx].latency - 1)
                     ev_idx += 1
 
                 if event_type not in unique_ev: