Optimization: use minimal-whitespace JSON separators in search index

[jayaddison]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
While trying to find out about something mostly unrelated in the Python JSON encoding documentation, I realized: we don't use the minimal whitespace representation when dumping our search index to JSON.

Describe the solution you'd like
Configure the documented minimal-whitespace separators when serializing the JSON searchindex.

For the self-built Sphinx documentation, this achieves a disk-space reduction for the search index from 574K to 500K.

Describe alternatives you've considered
N/A

Additional context
The Sphinx codebase does sometimes load from the existing searchindex.js file -- in order to support adjustments to the search index during incremental builds. So we do need to retain round-trip ability here; but that's OK, whitespace between separators in JSON should be insignificant (parser-wise).

[jayaddison]

I suppose it's possible here that on-the-wire compression may eliminate the on-disk space saving gains. Sigh. I'll confirm that soon before opening any pull request.

[jayaddison]

Search index size reduction for searchindex.js from the Sphinx self-built documentation, ordered by net difference, decreasing:

Compression Method	Baseline size (bytes)	Minimal-separator size (bytes)	Reduction
none	587136	511787	13%
zstd 1.5.6 (level 3)	142378	133931	6%
gzip 1.12 (level 6)	132225	126116	5%
gzip 1.12 (level 9)	128730	125003	3%
brotli 1.1.0 (level 11)	103727	101480	2%
zstd 1.5.6 (level 19)	108235	106181	2%

Edit: 1: clarify that the reduction is focused on the search index file.
Edit: 2: add brotli stats
Edit: 3: re-sort table by net size difference

[jayaddison]

It almost seems like minimal-whitespace separators may have been accidentally removed during 0830a04 -- they were in use before that (c4b660c).

[kartben]

Search index size reduction for searchindex.js from the Sphinx self-built documentation, ordered by net difference, decreasing:

Compression Method	Baseline size (bytes)	Minimal-separator size (bytes)	Reduction
none	587136	511787	13%
zstd 1.5.6 (level 3)	142378	133931	6%
gzip 1.12 (level 6)	132225	126116	5%
gzip 1.12 (level 9)	128730	125003	3%
zstd 1.5.6 (level 19)	108235	106181	2%

Would be curious about brotli numbers, if you ever find a minute to give it a try. Anyway, this is great!

[jayaddison]

Would be curious about brotli numbers, if you ever find a minute to give it a try. Anyway, this is great!

Sure thing; they are:

Compression Method	Baseline size (bytes)	Minimal-separator size (bytes)	Reduction
brotli 1.1.0 (level 11)	103727	101480	2%

(I'll go back and add another amendment to the previous message with that, too)

[jayaddison]

Implemented in #13062.