diff --git a/sphinx/addnodes.py b/sphinx/addnodes.py
index e92d32a0ef8..7061f67c09d 100644
--- a/sphinx/addnodes.py
+++ b/sphinx/addnodes.py
@@ -259,7 +259,11 @@ def astext(self):
 
 
 class desc_parameter(nodes.Part, nodes.Inline, nodes.FixedTextElement):
-    """Node for a single parameter."""
+    """Node for a single parameter.
+
+    If the parent `desc_parameterlist` node has ``multi_line_parameter_list = True``,
+    set ``on_new_line = True`` to display on a new line.
+    """
 
 
 class desc_optional(nodes.Part, nodes.Inline, nodes.FixedTextElement):
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/python.py b/sphinx/domains/python.py
index 3fda5270351..c95558af948 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/python.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/python.py
@@ -265,6 +265,13 @@ def _parse_arglist(
     params['multi_line_parameter_list'] = multi_line_parameter_list
     sig = signature_from_str('(%s)' % arglist)
     last_kind = None
+
+    if multi_line_parameter_list and env is not None:
+        max_param_line_length = env.config.python_maximum_signature_line_length
+        single_param_per_line = env.config.python_single_param_per_line_in_multiline_signatures
+        line_length = 0
+        is_first_param = True
+
     for param in sig.parameters.values():
         if param.kind != param.POSITIONAL_ONLY and last_kind == param.POSITIONAL_ONLY:
             # PEP-570: Separator for Positional Only Parameter: /
@@ -300,6 +307,13 @@ def _parse_arglist(
             node += nodes.inline('', param.default, classes=['default_value'],
                                  support_smartquotes=False)
 
+        if multi_line_parameter_list: # TODO: for every params +=... -> define func?
+            param_str_length = len(node.astext()) + 2
+            line_length += param_str_length
+            if single_param_per_line or is_first_param or line_length > max_param_line_length:
+                is_first_param = False
+                node['on_new_line'] = True
+                line_length = param_str_length
         params += node
         last_kind = param.kind
 
@@ -311,7 +325,10 @@ def _parse_arglist(
 
 
 def _pseudo_parse_arglist(
-    signode: desc_signature, arglist: str, multi_line_parameter_list: bool = False,
+    signode: desc_signature,
+    arglist: str,
+    env: BuildEnvironment | None = None,
+    multi_line_parameter_list: bool = False,
 ) -> None:
     """"Parse" a list of arguments separated by commas.
 
@@ -321,10 +338,17 @@ def _pseudo_parse_arglist(
     """
     paramlist = addnodes.desc_parameterlist()
     paramlist['multi_line_parameter_list'] = multi_line_parameter_list
+    if multi_line_parameter_list and env is not None:
+        max_param_line_length = env.config.python_maximum_signature_line_length
+        single_param_per_line = env.config.python_single_param_per_line_in_multiline_signatures
+        line_length = 0
+        is_first_param = True
+
     stack: list[Element] = [paramlist]
     try:
         for argument in arglist.split(','):
             argument = argument.strip()
+            param_str_length = len(argument) + 2 # TODO: + closing optionals?
             ends_open = ends_close = 0
             while argument.startswith('['):
                 stack.append(addnodes.desc_optional())
@@ -340,8 +364,17 @@ def _pseudo_parse_arglist(
                 ends_open += 1
                 argument = argument[:-1].strip()
             if argument:
-                stack[-1] += addnodes.desc_parameter(
-                    '', '', addnodes.desc_sig_name(argument, argument))
+                node = addnodes.desc_parameter(
+                    '', '', addnodes.desc_sig_name(argument, argument),
+                )
+                if multi_line_parameter_list:
+                    line_length += param_str_length
+                    goes_over_max_line_length = line_length > max_param_line_length
+                    if single_param_per_line or is_first_param or goes_over_max_line_length:
+                        is_first_param = False
+                        node['on_new_line'] = True
+                        line_length = param_str_length
+                stack[-1] += node
             while ends_open:
                 stack.append(addnodes.desc_optional())
                 stack[-2] += stack[-1]
@@ -576,11 +609,11 @@ def handle_signature(self, sig: str, signode: desc_signature) -> tuple[str, str]
             except SyntaxError:
                 # fallback to parse arglist original parser.
                 # it supports to represent optional arguments (ex. "func(foo [, bar])")
-                _pseudo_parse_arglist(signode, arglist, multi_line_parameter_list)
+                _pseudo_parse_arglist(signode, arglist, self.env, multi_line_parameter_list)
             except NotImplementedError as exc:
                 logger.warning("could not parse arglist (%r): %s", arglist, exc,
                                location=signode)
-                _pseudo_parse_arglist(signode, arglist, multi_line_parameter_list)
+                _pseudo_parse_arglist(signode, arglist, self.env, multi_line_parameter_list)
         else:
             if self.needs_arglist():
                 # for callables, add an empty parameter list
@@ -1520,6 +1553,7 @@ def setup(app: Sphinx) -> dict[str, Any]:
     app.add_config_value('python_use_unqualified_type_names', False, 'env')
     app.add_config_value('python_maximum_signature_line_length', None, 'env',
                          types={int, None})
+    app.add_config_value('python_single_param_per_line_in_multiline_signatures', True, 'env')
     app.add_config_value('python_display_short_literal_types', False, 'env')
     app.connect('object-description-transform', filter_meta_fields)
     app.connect('missing-reference', builtin_resolver, priority=900)
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/html5.py b/sphinx/writers/html5.py
index e7d932286c5..e41d9084271 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/html5.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/html5.py
@@ -165,7 +165,6 @@ def visit_desc_parameterlist(self, node: Element) -> None:
         if self.multi_line_parameter_list:
             self.body.append('\n\n')
             self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'dl'))
-            self.param_separator = self.param_separator.rstrip()
 
     def depart_desc_parameterlist(self, node: Element) -> None:
         if node.get('multi_line_parameter_list'):
@@ -179,12 +178,14 @@ def depart_desc_parameterlist(self, node: Element) -> None:
     #     foo([a, ]b, c[, d])
     #
     def visit_desc_parameter(self, node: Element) -> None:
-        on_separate_line = self.multi_line_parameter_list
+        on_separate_line = node.get('on_new_line')
         if on_separate_line and not (self.is_first_param and self.optional_param_level > 0):
+            if not self.is_first_param:
+                self.body.append('</dd>\n')
             self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'dd', ''))
         if self.is_first_param:
             self.is_first_param = False
-        elif not on_separate_line and not self.required_params_left:
+        elif not self.multi_line_parameter_list and not self.required_params_left:
             self.body.append(self.param_separator)
         if self.optional_param_level == 0:
             self.required_params_left -= 1
@@ -206,7 +207,8 @@ def depart_desc_parameter(self, node: Element) -> None:
             opt_param_left_at_level = self.params_left_at_level > 0
             if opt_param_left_at_level or is_required and (is_last_group or next_is_required):
                 self.body.append(self.param_separator)
-                self.body.append('</dd>\n')
+                if not opt_param_left_at_level and is_last_group:
+                    self.body.append('</dd>\n')
 
         elif self.required_params_left:
             self.body.append(self.param_separator)
@@ -225,17 +227,14 @@ def visit_desc_optional(self, node: Element) -> None:
                 self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'dd', ''))
                 self.body.append('<span class="optional">[</span>')
             # Else, if there remains at least one required parameter, append the
-            # parameter separator, open a new bracket, and end the line.
+            # parameter separator and open a new bracket.
             elif self.required_params_left:
                 self.body.append(self.param_separator)
                 self.body.append('<span class="optional">[</span>')
-                self.body.append('</dd>\n')
-            # Else, open a new bracket, append the parameter separator,
-            # and end the line.
+            # Else, open a new bracket and append the parameter separator.
             else:
                 self.body.append('<span class="optional">[</span>')
                 self.body.append(self.param_separator)
-                self.body.append('</dd>\n')
         else:
             self.body.append('<span class="optional">[</span>')
 
@@ -248,8 +247,9 @@ def depart_desc_optional(self, node: Element) -> None:
                 self.body.append(self.param_separator)
             self.body.append('<span class="optional">]</span>')
             # End the line if we have just closed the last bracket of this
-            # optional parameter group.
-            if self.optional_param_level == 0:
+            # optional parameter group and there is no group left.
+            is_last_group = self.param_group_index + 1 == len(self.list_is_required_param)
+            if self.optional_param_level == 0 and is_last_group:
                 self.body.append('</dd>\n')
         else:
             self.body.append('<span class="optional">]</span>')
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/text.py b/sphinx/writers/text.py
index 8e3d9df240d..303a37d3737 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/text.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/text.py
@@ -605,19 +605,19 @@ def visit_desc_parameterlist(self, node: Element) -> None:
         self.required_params_left = sum(self.list_is_required_param)
         self.param_separator = ', '
         self.multi_line_parameter_list = node.get('multi_line_parameter_list', False)
-        if self.multi_line_parameter_list:
-            self.param_separator = self.param_separator.rstrip()
 
     def depart_desc_parameterlist(self, node: Element) -> None:
         self.add_text(')')
 
     def visit_desc_parameter(self, node: Element) -> None:
-        on_separate_line = self.multi_line_parameter_list
+        on_separate_line = node.get('on_new_line')
         if on_separate_line and not (self.is_first_param and self.optional_param_level > 0):
+            if not self.is_first_param:
+                self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
             self.new_state()
         if self.is_first_param:
             self.is_first_param = False
-        elif not on_separate_line and not self.required_params_left:
+        elif not self.multi_line_parameter_list and not self.required_params_left:
             self.add_text(self.param_separator)
         if self.optional_param_level == 0:
             self.required_params_left -= 1
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ def visit_desc_parameter(self, node: Element) -> None:
         self.add_text(node.astext())
 
         is_required = self.list_is_required_param[self.param_group_index]
-        if on_separate_line:
+        if self.multi_line_parameter_list:
             is_last_group = self.param_group_index + 1 == len(self.list_is_required_param)
             next_is_required = (
                 not is_last_group
@@ -636,7 +636,8 @@ def visit_desc_parameter(self, node: Element) -> None:
             opt_param_left_at_level = self.params_left_at_level > 0
             if opt_param_left_at_level or is_required and (is_last_group or next_is_required):
                 self.add_text(self.param_separator)
-                self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
+                if not opt_param_left_at_level and is_last_group:
+                    self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
 
         elif self.required_params_left:
             self.add_text(self.param_separator)
@@ -656,17 +657,14 @@ def visit_desc_optional(self, node: Element) -> None:
                 self.new_state()
                 self.add_text('[')
             # Else, if there remains at least one required parameter, append the
-            # parameter separator, open a new bracket, and end the line.
+            # parameter separator and open a new bracket.
             elif self.required_params_left:
                 self.add_text(self.param_separator)
                 self.add_text('[')
-                self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
-            # Else, open a new bracket, append the parameter separator, and end the
-            # line.
+            # Else, open a new bracket and append the parameter separator.
             else:
                 self.add_text('[')
                 self.add_text(self.param_separator)
-                self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
         else:
             self.add_text('[')
 
@@ -678,9 +676,10 @@ def depart_desc_optional(self, node: Element) -> None:
             if self.optional_param_level == self.max_optional_param_level - 1:
                 self.add_text(self.param_separator)
             self.add_text(']')
-            # End the line if we have just closed the last bracket of this group of
-            # optional parameters.
-            if self.optional_param_level == 0:
+            # End the line if we have just closed the last bracket of this
+            # optional parameter group and there is no group left.
+            is_last_group = self.param_group_index + 1 == len(self.list_is_required_param)
+            if self.optional_param_level == 0 and is_last_group:
                 self.end_state(wrap=False, end=None)
 
         else: