Add filter-based deletion to Qdrant vector store

Add string-based filter deletion alongside the Filter.Expression-based deletion
for Qdrant vector store, providing consistent deletion capabilities with
other vector store implementations.

Key changes:
- Add delete(Filter.Expression) implementation using Qdrant's filter API
- Leverage existing QdrantFilterExpressionConverter for filter translation
- Use Qdrant's native deleteAsync with filter capabilities
- Add comprehensive integration tests for filter deletion
- Support both simple and complex filter expressions

This maintains consistency with other vector store implementations while
utilizing Qdrant's native filtering capabilities for efficient metadata-based
deletion.

Signed-off-by: Soby Chacko <[email protected]>

Author: sobychacko

vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStore.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2023-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2023-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -32,20 +32,20 @@
 import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.ScoredPoint;
 import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.SearchPoints;
 import io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.UpdateStatus;
+import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
 
 import org.springframework.ai.document.Document;
 import org.springframework.ai.document.DocumentMetadata;
-import org.springframework.ai.embedding.BatchingStrategy;
 import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
 import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingOptionsBuilder;
-import org.springframework.ai.embedding.TokenCountBatchingStrategy;
 import org.springframework.ai.model.EmbeddingUtils;
 import org.springframework.ai.observation.conventions.VectorStoreProvider;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.AbstractVectorStoreBuilder;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.SearchRequest;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.observation.AbstractObservationVectorStore;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.observation.VectorStoreObservationContext;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
+import org.springframework.core.log.LogAccessor;
 import org.springframework.util.Assert;
 
 /**
@@ -122,10 +122,12 @@
  * @author Josh Long
  * @author Soby Chacko
  * @author Thomas Vitale
- * @since 0.8.1
+ * @since 1.0.0
  */
 public class QdrantVectorStore extends AbstractObservationVectorStore implements InitializingBean {
 
+	private static final LogAccessor logger = new LogAccessor(LogFactory.getLog(QdrantVectorStore.class));
+
 	public static final String DEFAULT_COLLECTION_NAME = "vector_store";
 
 	private static final String CONTENT_FIELD_NAME = "doc_content";
@@ -214,6 +216,29 @@ public Optional<Boolean> doDelete(List<String> documentIds) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	@Override
+	protected void doDelete(org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.filter.Filter.Expression filterExpression) {
+		Assert.notNull(filterExpression, "Filter expression must not be null");
+
+		try {
+			Filter filter = this.filterExpressionConverter.convertExpression(filterExpression);
+
+			io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.UpdateResult response = this.qdrantClient
+				.deleteAsync(this.collectionName, filter)
+				.get();
+
+			if (response.getStatus() != io.qdrant.client.grpc.Points.UpdateStatus.Completed) {
+				throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to delete documents by filter: " + response.getStatus());
+			}
+
+			logger.debug("Deleted documents matching filter expression");
+		}
+		catch (Exception e) {
+			logger.error(e, "Failed to delete documents by filter: " + e.getMessage());
+			throw new IllegalStateException("Failed to delete documents by filter", e);
+		}
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Performs a similarity search on the vector store.
 	 * @param request The {@link SearchRequest} object containing the query and other

vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStoreIT.java

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2023-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2023-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.UUID;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 import io.qdrant.client.QdrantClient;
 import io.qdrant.client.QdrantGrpcClient;
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@
 import org.springframework.ai.mistralai.api.MistralAiApi;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.SearchRequest;
 import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.VectorStore;
+import org.springframework.ai.vectorstore.filter.Filter;
 import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.runner.ApplicationContextRunner;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
@@ -52,6 +54,7 @@
  * @author Josh Long
  * @author Eddú Meléndez
  * @author Thomas Vitale
+ * @author Soby Chacko
  * @since 0.8.1
  */
 @Testcontainers
@@ -256,6 +259,91 @@ public void searchThresholdTest() {
 		});
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void deleteByFilter() {
+		this.contextRunner.run(context -> {
+			VectorStore vectorStore = context.getBean(VectorStore.class);
+
+			var bgDocument = new Document("The World is Big and Salvation Lurks Around the Corner",
+					Map.of("country", "Bulgaria", "number", 3));
+			var nlDocument = new Document("The World is Big and Salvation Lurks Around the Corner",
+					Map.of("country", "Netherlands", "number", 90));
+
+			vectorStore.add(List.of(bgDocument, nlDocument));
+
+			Filter.Expression filterExpression = new Filter.Expression(Filter.ExpressionType.EQ,
+					new Filter.Key("country"), new Filter.Value("Bulgaria"));
+
+			vectorStore.delete(filterExpression);
+
+			List<Document> results = vectorStore
+				.similaritySearch(SearchRequest.builder().query("The World").topK(5).similarityThresholdAll().build());
+
+			assertThat(results).hasSize(1);
+			assertThat(results.get(0).getMetadata()).containsEntry("country", "Netherlands");
+
+			vectorStore.delete(List.of(nlDocument.getId()));
+		});
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void deleteWithStringFilterExpression() {
+		this.contextRunner.run(context -> {
+			VectorStore vectorStore = context.getBean(VectorStore.class);
+
+			var bgDocument = new Document("The World is Big and Salvation Lurks Around the Corner",
+					Map.of("country", "Bulgaria", "number", 3));
+			var nlDocument = new Document("The World is Big and Salvation Lurks Around the Corner",
+					Map.of("country", "Netherlands", "number", 90));
+
+			vectorStore.add(List.of(bgDocument, nlDocument));
+
+			vectorStore.delete("number > 50");
+
+			List<Document> results = vectorStore
+				.similaritySearch(SearchRequest.builder().query("The World").topK(5).similarityThresholdAll().build());
+
+			assertThat(results).hasSize(1);
+			assertThat(results.get(0).getMetadata()).containsEntry("country", "Bulgaria");
+
+			vectorStore.delete(List.of(bgDocument.getId()));
+		});
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void deleteWithComplexFilterExpression() {
+		this.contextRunner.run(context -> {
+			VectorStore vectorStore = context.getBean(VectorStore.class);
+
+			var doc1 = new Document("Content 1", Map.of("type", "A", "priority", 1));
+			var doc2 = new Document("Content 2", Map.of("type", "A", "priority", 2));
+			var doc3 = new Document("Content 3", Map.of("type", "B", "priority", 1));
+
+			vectorStore.add(List.of(doc1, doc2, doc3));
+
+			// Complex filter expression: (type == 'A' AND priority > 1)
+			Filter.Expression priorityFilter = new Filter.Expression(Filter.ExpressionType.GT,
+					new Filter.Key("priority"), new Filter.Value(1));
+			Filter.Expression typeFilter = new Filter.Expression(Filter.ExpressionType.EQ, new Filter.Key("type"),
+					new Filter.Value("A"));
+			Filter.Expression complexFilter = new Filter.Expression(Filter.ExpressionType.AND, typeFilter,
+					priorityFilter);
+
+			vectorStore.delete(complexFilter);
+
+			var results = vectorStore
+				.similaritySearch(SearchRequest.builder().query("Content").topK(5).similarityThresholdAll().build());
+
+			assertThat(results).hasSize(2);
+			assertThat(results.stream().map(doc -> doc.getMetadata().get("type")).collect(Collectors.toList()))
+				.containsExactlyInAnyOrder("A", "B");
+			assertThat(results.stream().map(doc -> doc.getMetadata().get("priority")).collect(Collectors.toList()))
+				.containsExactlyInAnyOrder(1L, 1L);
+
+			vectorStore.delete(List.of(doc1.getId(), doc3.getId()));
+		});
+	}
+
 	@SpringBootConfiguration
 	public static class TestApplication {