diff --git a/spring-ai-vector-store/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/observation/AbstractObservationVectorStore.java b/spring-ai-vector-store/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/observation/AbstractObservationVectorStore.java
index 52c8106a48e..39e46d7d6f7 100644
--- a/spring-ai-vector-store/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/observation/AbstractObservationVectorStore.java
+++ b/spring-ai-vector-store/src/main/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/observation/AbstractObservationVectorStore.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ public AbstractObservationVectorStore(AbstractVectorStoreBuilder<?> builder) {
 	 */
 	@Override
 	public void add(List<Document> documents) {
-
+		validateNonTextDocuments(documents);
 		VectorStoreObservationContext observationContext = this
 			.createObservationContextBuilder(VectorStoreObservationContext.Operation.ADD.value())
 			.build();
@@ -85,6 +85,17 @@ public void add(List<Document> documents) {
 			.observe(() -> this.doAdd(documents));
 	}
 
+	private void validateNonTextDocuments(List<Document> documents) {
+		if (documents == null)
+			return;
+		for (Document document : documents) {
+			if (document != null && !document.isText()) {
+				throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+						"Only text documents are supported for now. One of the documents contains non-text content.");
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	@Override
 	public void delete(List<String> deleteDocIds) {
 
diff --git a/spring-ai-vector-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/SimpleVectorStoreTests.java b/spring-ai-vector-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/SimpleVectorStoreTests.java
index 85fe0b384c6..3600d4e13c3 100644
--- a/spring-ai-vector-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/SimpleVectorStoreTests.java
+++ b/spring-ai-vector-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/SimpleVectorStoreTests.java
@@ -32,13 +32,18 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.CleanupMode;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
 
+import org.springframework.ai.content.Media;
 import org.springframework.ai.document.Document;
 import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
+import org.springframework.core.io.ByteArrayResource;
 import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
+import org.springframework.util.MimeType;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
@@ -259,4 +264,15 @@ void shouldHandleNullVectors() {
 			.hasMessage("Vectors must not be null");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFailNonTextDocuments() {
+		Media media = new Media(MimeType.valueOf("image/png"), new ByteArrayResource(new byte[] { 0x00 }));
+
+		Document imgDoc = Document.builder().media(media).metadata(Map.of("fileName", "pixel.png")).build();
+
+		Exception exception = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> this.vectorStore.add(List.of(imgDoc)));
+		assertEquals("Only text documents are supported for now. One of the documents contains non-text content.",
+				exception.getMessage());
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStoreIT.java b/vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStoreIT.java
index 2a943e895a1..84b79f0edb2 100644
--- a/vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStoreIT.java
+++ b/vector-stores/spring-ai-qdrant-store/src/test/java/org/springframework/ai/vectorstore/qdrant/QdrantVectorStoreIT.java
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.EnabledIfEnvironmentVariable;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.EnabledIfEnvironmentVariables;
 import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Container;
 import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Testcontainers;
 import org.testcontainers.qdrant.QdrantContainer;
 
+import org.springframework.ai.content.Media;
 import org.springframework.ai.document.Document;
 import org.springframework.ai.document.DocumentMetadata;
 import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
@@ -49,8 +49,12 @@
 import org.springframework.boot.SpringBootConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.boot.test.context.runner.ApplicationContextRunner;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.core.io.ByteArrayResource;
+import org.springframework.util.MimeType;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
 /**
  * @author Anush Shetty
@@ -59,6 +63,7 @@
  * @author Thomas Vitale
  * @author Soby Chacko
  * @author Jonghoon Park
+ * @author Kim San
  * @since 0.8.1
  */
 @Testcontainers
@@ -334,6 +339,20 @@ void shouldConvertLongToString() {
 		});
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void testNonTextDocuments() {
+		this.contextRunner.run(context -> {
+			QdrantVectorStore vectorStore = context.getBean(QdrantVectorStore.class);
+			Media media = new Media(MimeType.valueOf("image/png"), new ByteArrayResource(new byte[] { 0x00 }));
+
+			Document imgDoc = Document.builder().media(media).metadata(Map.of("fileName", "pixel.png")).build();
+
+			Exception exception = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> vectorStore.add(List.of(imgDoc)));
+			assertEquals("Only text documents are supported for now. One of the documents contains non-text content.",
+					exception.getMessage());
+		});
+	}
+
 	@SpringBootConfiguration
 	public static class TestApplication {