Introduce `onRetryPolicyInterruption()` callback in `RetryListener`

[sbrannen]

Overview

As mentioned in #35434, in RetryTemplate, if we encounter an InterruptedException while sleeping for the configured back-off duration, we throw a RetryException with the InterruptedException as the cause.

However, that RetryException currently propagates to the caller without notifying the registered RetryListener.

Thus, we should introduce a new onRetryPolicyInterruption() callback in RetryListener as a companion to the existing onRetryPolicyExhaustion() callback.

Related Issues

• Include exceptions for previous attempts in RetryException thrown for an InterruptedException #35434