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| 1 | +<!-- |
| 2 | +
|
| 3 | +@license Apache-2.0 |
| 4 | +
|
| 5 | +Copyright (c) 2025 The Stdlib Authors. |
| 6 | +
|
| 7 | +Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); |
| 8 | +you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. |
| 9 | +You may obtain a copy of the License at |
| 10 | +
|
| 11 | + http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 |
| 12 | +
|
| 13 | +Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software |
| 14 | +distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, |
| 15 | +WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. |
| 16 | +See the License for the specific language governing permissions and |
| 17 | +limitations under the License. |
| 18 | +
|
| 19 | +--> |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +# factoriallnf |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +> Natural logarithm of the [factorial][factorial-function] of a single-precision floating-point number. |
| 24 | +
|
| 25 | +<section class="intro"> |
| 26 | + |
| 27 | +The natural logarithm of the factorial function may be expressed |
| 28 | + |
| 29 | +<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:factorialln_function" align="center" raw="f(n)=\ln (n!)" alt="Equation of the natural logarithm of the factorial."> --> |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +```math |
| 32 | +f(n)=\ln (n!) |
| 33 | +``` |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +<!-- </equation> --> |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +The [factorial function][factorial-function] may be defined as the product |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:factorial_function" align="center" raw="n! = \prod_{k=1}^n k" alt="Factorial function definition"> --> |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +```math |
| 42 | +n! = \prod_{k=1}^n k |
| 43 | +``` |
| 44 | + |
| 45 | +<!-- </equation> --> |
| 46 | + |
| 47 | +or according to the recurrence relation |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:factorial_recurrence_relation" align="center" raw="n! = \begin{cases}1 & \textrm{if } n = 0,\\(n-1)! \times n & \textrm{if } n > 1\end{cases}" alt="Factorial function recurrence relation"> --> |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +```math |
| 52 | +n! = \begin{cases}1 & \textrm{if } n = 0,\\(n-1)! \times n & \textrm{if } n > 1\end{cases} |
| 53 | +``` |
| 54 | + |
| 55 | +<!-- </equation> --> |
| 56 | + |
| 57 | +Following the convention for an [empty product][empty-product], in all definitions, |
| 58 | + |
| 59 | +<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:zero_factorial" align="center" raw="0! = 1" alt="Zero factorial"> --> |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | +```math |
| 62 | +0! = 1 |
| 63 | +``` |
| 64 | + |
| 65 | +<!-- </equation> --> |
| 66 | + |
| 67 | +The [Gamma][gamma-function] function extends the [factorial function][factorial-function] for non-integer values. |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | +<!-- <equation class="equation" label="eq:factorial_function_and_gamma" align="center" raw="n! = \Gamma(n+1)" alt="Factorial function extension via the Gamma function"> --> |
| 70 | + |
| 71 | +```math |
| 72 | +n! = \Gamma(n+1) |
| 73 | +``` |
| 74 | + |
| 75 | +<!-- </equation> --> |
| 76 | + |
| 77 | +The [factorial][factorial-function] of a **negative** integer is not defined. |
| 78 | + |
| 79 | +Evaluating the natural logarithm of [factorial function][factorial-function] is useful as the [factorial function][factorial-function] can overflow for large `n`. Thus, `factoriallnf( n )` is generally preferred to `lnf( n! )`. |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | +</section> |
| 82 | + |
| 83 | +<!-- /.intro --> |
| 84 | + |
| 85 | +<section class="usage"> |
| 86 | + |
| 87 | +## Usage |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +```javascript |
| 90 | +var factoriallnf = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/factoriallnf' ); |
| 91 | +``` |
| 92 | + |
| 93 | +#### factoriallnf( x ) |
| 94 | + |
| 95 | +Evaluates the natural logarithm of the [factorial][factorial-function] of a single-precision floating-point number. For input values other than negative integers, the function returns `ln( x! ) = ln( Γ(x+1) )`, where `Γ` is the [Gamma][gamma-function] function. For negative integers, the function returns `NaN`. |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +```javascript |
| 98 | +var v = factoriallnf( 3.0 ); |
| 99 | +// returns ~1.792 |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +v = factoriallnf( 2.4 ); |
| 102 | +// returns ~1.092 |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | +v = factoriallnf( -1.0 ); |
| 105 | +// returns NaN |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | +v = factoriallnf( -1.5 ); |
| 108 | +// returns ~1.266 |
| 109 | +``` |
| 110 | + |
| 111 | +If provided `NaN`, the function returns `NaN`. |
| 112 | + |
| 113 | +```javascript |
| 114 | +var v = factoriallnf( NaN ); |
| 115 | +// returns NaN |
| 116 | +``` |
| 117 | + |
| 118 | +</section> |
| 119 | + |
| 120 | +<!-- /.usage --> |
| 121 | + |
| 122 | +<section class="examples"> |
| 123 | + |
| 124 | +## Examples |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +<!-- eslint no-undef: "error" --> |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | +```javascript |
| 129 | +var uniform = require( '@stdlib/random/array/uniform' ); |
| 130 | +var logEachMap = require( '@stdlib/console/log-each-map' ); |
| 131 | +var factoriallnf = require( '@stdlib/math/base/special/factoriallnf' ); |
| 132 | + |
| 133 | +var opts = { |
| 134 | + 'dtype': 'float32' |
| 135 | +}; |
| 136 | +var x = uniform( 100, -10.0, 50.0, opts ); |
| 137 | + |
| 138 | +logEachMap( 'factoriallnf(%0.4f) = %0.4f', x, factoriallnf ); |
| 139 | +``` |
| 140 | + |
| 141 | +</section> |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +<!-- /.examples --> |
| 144 | + |
| 145 | +<!-- C interface documentation. --> |
| 146 | + |
| 147 | +* * * |
| 148 | + |
| 149 | +<section class="c"> |
| 150 | + |
| 151 | +## C APIs |
| 152 | + |
| 153 | +<!-- Section to include introductory text. Make sure to keep an empty line after the intro `section` element and another before the `/section` close. --> |
| 154 | + |
| 155 | +<section class="intro"> |
| 156 | + |
| 157 | +</section> |
| 158 | + |
| 159 | +<!-- /.intro --> |
| 160 | + |
| 161 | +<!-- C usage documentation. --> |
| 162 | + |
| 163 | +<section class="usage"> |
| 164 | + |
| 165 | +### Usage |
| 166 | + |
| 167 | +```c |
| 168 | +#include "stdlib/math/base/special/factoriallnf.h" |
| 169 | +``` |
| 170 | + |
| 171 | +#### stdlib_base_factoriallnf( x ) |
| 172 | + |
| 173 | +Evaluates the natural logarithm of the [factorial][factorial-function] of a single-precision floating-point number. For input values other than negative integers, the function returns `ln( x! ) = ln( Γ(x+1) )`, where `Γ` is the [Gamma][gamma-function] function. For negative integers, the function returns `NaN`. |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +```c |
| 176 | +float out = stdlib_base_factoriallnf( 3.0f ); |
| 177 | +// returns ~1.792f |
| 178 | + |
| 179 | +out = stdlib_base_factoriallnf( -1.5f ); |
| 180 | +// returns ~1.266f |
| 181 | +``` |
| 182 | + |
| 183 | +The function accepts the following arguments: |
| 184 | + |
| 185 | +- **x**: `[in] float` input value. |
| 186 | + |
| 187 | +```c |
| 188 | +float stdlib_base_factoriallnf( const float x ); |
| 189 | +``` |
| 190 | +
|
| 191 | +</section> |
| 192 | +
|
| 193 | +<!-- /.usage --> |
| 194 | +
|
| 195 | +<!-- C API usage notes. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. --> |
| 196 | +
|
| 197 | +<section class="notes"> |
| 198 | +
|
| 199 | +</section> |
| 200 | +
|
| 201 | +<!-- /.notes --> |
| 202 | +
|
| 203 | +<!-- C API usage examples. --> |
| 204 | +
|
| 205 | +<section class="examples"> |
| 206 | +
|
| 207 | +### Examples |
| 208 | +
|
| 209 | +```c |
| 210 | +#include "stdlib/math/base/special/factoriallnf.h" |
| 211 | +#include <stdio.h> |
| 212 | +
|
| 213 | +int main( void ) { |
| 214 | + const float x[] = { 2.0f, 3.0f, 5.0f, 8.0f }; |
| 215 | +
|
| 216 | + float y; |
| 217 | + int i; |
| 218 | + for ( i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { |
| 219 | + y = stdlib_base_factoriallnf( x[ i ] ); |
| 220 | + printf( "factoriallnf(%f) = %f\n", x[ i ], y ); |
| 221 | + } |
| 222 | +} |
| 223 | +``` |
| 224 | + |
| 225 | +</section> |
| 226 | + |
| 227 | +<!-- /.examples --> |
| 228 | + |
| 229 | +</section> |
| 230 | + |
| 231 | +<!-- /.c --> |
| 232 | + |
| 233 | +<!-- Section for related `stdlib` packages. Do not manually edit this section, as it is automatically populated. --> |
| 234 | + |
| 235 | +<section class="related"> |
| 236 | + |
| 237 | +</section> |
| 238 | + |
| 239 | +<!-- /.related --> |
| 240 | + |
| 241 | +<!-- Section for all links. Make sure to keep an empty line after the `section` element and another before the `/section` close. --> |
| 242 | + |
| 243 | +<section class="links"> |
| 244 | + |
| 245 | +[gamma-function]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_Function |
| 246 | + |
| 247 | +[factorial-function]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial |
| 248 | + |
| 249 | +[empty-product]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empty_product |
| 250 | + |
| 251 | +<!-- <related-links> --> |
| 252 | + |
| 253 | +<!-- </related-links> --> |
| 254 | + |
| 255 | +</section> |
| 256 | + |
| 257 | +<!-- /.links --> |
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