build: add workflow to test installation of main package

---
type: pre_commit_static_analysis_report
description: Results of running static analysis checks when committing changes.
report:
  - task: lint_filenames
    status: passed
  - task: lint_editorconfig
    status: passed
  - task: lint_markdown
    status: na
  - task: lint_package_json
    status: na
  - task: lint_repl_help
    status: na
  - task: lint_javascript_src
    status: na
  - task: lint_javascript_cli
    status: na
  - task: lint_javascript_examples
    status: na
  - task: lint_javascript_tests
    status: na
  - task: lint_javascript_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: lint_python
    status: na
  - task: lint_r
    status: na
  - task: lint_c_src
    status: na
  - task: lint_c_examples
    status: na
  - task: lint_c_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: lint_c_tests_fixtures
    status: na
  - task: lint_shell
    status: na
  - task: lint_typescript_declarations
    status: na
  - task: lint_typescript_tests
    status: na
  - task: lint_license_headers
    status: passed
---

---
type: pre_push_report
description: Results of running various checks prior to pushing changes.
report:
  - task: run_javascript_examples
    status: na
  - task: run_c_examples
    status: na
  - task: run_cpp_examples
    status: na
  - task: run_javascript_readme_examples
    status: na
  - task: run_c_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_cpp_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_fortran_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_javascript_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_julia_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_python_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_r_benchmarks
    status: na
  - task: run_javascript_tests
    status: na
---

Author: Planeshifter

.github/workflows/workflow_test_published_package.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#/
+# @license Apache-2.0
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2024 The Stdlib Authors.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#/
+
+# Workflow name:
+name: test_published_package
+
+# Workflow triggers:
+on:
+  # Run workflow on a weekly schedule:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '0 0 * * 0'
+
+  # Allow workflow to be manually run:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# Workflow jobs:
+jobs:
+  test-published:
+    # Define a display name:
+    name: 'Test running examples of published package'
+
+    # Define the type of virtual host machine:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    # Define environment variables:
+    env:
+      SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL: ${{ secrets.SLACK_WEBHOOK_URL }}
+
+    # Define the job's steps:
+    steps:
+      # Checkout the repository:
+      - name: 'Checkout repository'
+        uses: actions/checkout@8ade135a41bc03ea155e62e844d188df1ea18608 # v4.1.0
+
+      # Install Node.js:
+      - name: 'Install Node.js'
+        uses: actions/setup-node@b39b52d1213e96004bfcb1c61a8a6fa8ab84f3e8 # v4.0.1
+        with:
+          node-version: 20
+        timeout-minutes: 5
+
+      # Create test directory and run examples:
+      - name: 'Create test directory and run examples'
+        run: |
+          cd ..
+          mkdir test-published
+          cd test-published
+
+          # Copy example file:
+          cp $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/examples/index.js .
+
+          # Create a minimal package.json
+          echo '{
+            "name": "test-published",
+            "version": "1.0.0",
+            "main": "index.js",
+            "dependencies": {}
+          }' > package.json
+
+          # Get package name and modify example file:
+          PACKAGE_NAME=$(jq -r '.name' $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/package.json)
+          ESCAPED_PACKAGE_NAME=$(echo "$PACKAGE_NAME" | sed 's/[\/&]/\\&/g')
+
+          sed -i "s/require( '.\/..\/lib' )/require( '$ESCAPED_PACKAGE_NAME' )/g" index.js
+
+          # Extract and install dependencies:
+          DEPS=$(grep -oP "require\(\s*'([^']+)'\s*\)" index.js | sed "s/require(\s*'//" | sed "s/'\s*)//" | grep -v "^\.")
+          for dep in $DEPS; do
+            npm install $dep --save
+          done
+
+          # Run the example:
+          node index.js
+
+      # Send Slack notification if job fails:
+      - name: 'Send notification to Slack in case of failure'
+        uses: 8398a7/action-slack@28ba43ae48961b90635b50953d216767a6bea486 # v3.16.2
+        with:
+          status: ${{ job.status }}
+          channel: '#npm-ci'
+        if: failure()