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Merge pull request #188 from su2code/feature_fix_links
Fix links for Incompressible VandV case
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_vandv/SANDIA_jet.md

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| `INC_RANS` | 7.5.0 | Sem Bosmans |
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The details of the 2D Axisymmetric, Nonpremixed, Nonreacting, Variable Density, Turbulent Jet Flow are taken from [Sandia National Laboratories database](https://tnfworkshop.org/data-archives/simplejet/propanejet) $$^{1},^{2}$$.
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The details of the 2D Axisymmetric, Nonpremixed, Nonreacting, Variable Density, Turbulent Jet Flow are taken from [Sandia National Laboratories database](https://tnfworkshop.org/data-archives/simplejet/propanejet) <sup>[1](#ref1),[2](#ref2)</sup>.
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By comparing the results of SU2 simulations case against the experimental data, as well as OpenFOAM simulation results $$^{3}$$ (and MFSim $$^{4}$$), we can build a high degree of confidence that the composition-dependent model is implemented correctly in combination with the SST turbulence model. Therefore, the goal of this case is to validate the implementation of the composition-dependent model in SU2.
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By comparing the results of SU2 simulations case against the experimental data, as well as OpenFOAM simulation results <sup>[3](#ref3)</sup> (and MFSim <sup>[4](#ref4)</sup>), we can build a high degree of confidence that the composition-dependent model is implemented correctly in combination with the SST turbulence model. Therefore, the goal of this case is to validate the implementation of the composition-dependent model in SU2.
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## Problem Setup
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The problem consists of a turbulent propane jet mixing into coflowing air. The schematic overview of this problem is given in the figure below:
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<img src="/vandv_files/SANDIA_jet/images/VV_SETUP.png" alt="Schematic overview of the problem setup" />
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</p>
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The flow conditions are based on the Sandia experiment $$^{1}$$:
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The flow conditions are based on the Sandia experiment <sup>[1](#ref1)</sup>:
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- Temperature = 294 [K]
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- Thermodynamic pressure = 101325 [Pa]
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<img src="/vandv_files/SANDIA_jet/images/YD0_rho.png" alt="Mean density along Jet Centerline" />
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</p>
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The experimental results for the mean density are given in Sandia’s database, but these are directly computed from the mixture fraction by making use of the ratio between the density of propane and air. The ratio that is being used for this purpose is 1.6 $$^{2}$$, whereas the expected ratio is lower. The higher density ratio used in the post-processing of the experimental data results in a wider density range across the domain, which can partly explain the differences between the experimental data and the numerical results on the density along the jet centerline. Note that the spreading rate of a jet is independent of the initial density ratio $$^{2}$$.
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The experimental results for the mean density are given in Sandia’s database, but these are directly computed from the mixture fraction by making use of the ratio between the density of propane and air. The ratio that is being used for this purpose is 1.6 <sup>[2](#ref2)</sup>, whereas the expected ratio is lower. The higher density ratio used in the post-processing of the experimental data results in a wider density range across the domain, which can partly explain the differences between the experimental data and the numerical results on the density along the jet centerline. Note that the spreading rate of a jet is independent of the initial density ratio <sup>[2](#ref2)</sup>.
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<p align="center">
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<img src="/vandv_files/SANDIA_jet/images/Residuals_convergence.png" alt="Residuals Convergence for the Turbulent Jet Mixing" />
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### References
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$$^{1}$$ R.W. Schefer, "Data Base for a Turbulent, Nonpremixed, Nonreacting, Propane-Jet Flow", tech. rep., Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 2001.
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<a id="ref1">[1]</a> R.W. Schefer, "Data Base for a Turbulent, Nonpremixed, Nonreacting, Propane-Jet Flow", tech. rep., Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 2001.
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$$^{2}$$ R.W. Schefer, F.C. Gouldin, S.C. Johnson and W. Kollmann, "Nonreacting Turbulent Mixing Flows", tech. rep., Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 1986.
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<a id="ref2">[2]</a> R.W. Schefer, F.C. Gouldin, S.C. Johnson and W. Kollmann, "Nonreacting Turbulent Mixing Flows", tech. rep., Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 1986.
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$$^{3}$$ A. Aghajanpour and S. Khatibi, "Numerical Simulation of Velocity and Mixture Fraction Fiels in a Turbulent Non-reacting Propane Jet Flow Issuing into Parallel Co-Flowing Air in Isothermal Condition through OpenFOAM", 2023.
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<a id="ref3">[3]</a> A. Aghajanpour and S. Khatibi, "Numerical Simulation of Velocity and Mixture Fraction Fiels in a Turbulent Non-reacting Propane Jet Flow Issuing into Parallel Co-Flowing Air in Isothermal Condition through OpenFOAM", 2023.
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$$^{4}$$ V. Goncalves, G.M. Magalhaes and J.M. Vedovetto, "Urans Simulation of Turbulent Non-Premixed and Non-Reacting Propane Jet Flow", Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciencias Mecanicas - ABCM, 2021.
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<a id="ref4">[4]</a> V. Goncalves, G.M. Magalhaes and J.M. Vedovetto, "Urans Simulation of Turbulent Non-Premixed and Non-Reacting Propane Jet Flow", Associacao Brasileira de Engenharia e Ciencias Mecanicas - ABCM, 2021.

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