update-checkout: bump libcurl to 8.17.0 (#86321)

Following on from a discussion at
swiftlang/swift-docker#488 (comment),
this PR updates the following dependency for `main`, `6.3`, `next`,
and `rebranch`:

- libcurl from
[8.9.1](https://github.com/curl/curl/releases/tag/curl-8_9_1) (Jul 31,
2024) to [8.17.0](https://github.com/curl/curl/releases/tag/curl-8_17_0)
(Nov 5, 2025)

Given that this library processes untrusted input, keeping up
with the latest releases is probably a good idea.

Author: marcprux

utils/update_checkout/update-checkout-config.json

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
                 "swift-sdk-generator": "main",
                 "wasi-libc": "wasi-sdk-27",
                 "wasmkit": "0.1.6",
-                "curl": "curl-8_9_1",
+                "curl": "curl-8_17_0",
                 "libxml2": "v2.11.5",
                 "zlib": "v1.3.1",
                 "brotli": "v1.1.0",
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@
                 "swift-sdk-generator": "release/6.3",
                 "wasi-libc": "wasi-sdk-27",
                 "wasmkit": "0.1.6",
-                "curl": "curl-8_9_1",
+                "curl": "curl-8_17_0",
                 "libxml2": "v2.11.5",
                 "zlib": "v1.3.1",
                 "brotli": "v1.1.0",
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@
                 "swift-sdk-generator": "main",
                 "wasi-libc": "wasi-sdk-27",
                 "wasmkit": "0.1.6",
-                "curl": "curl-8_9_1",
+                "curl": "curl-8_17_0",
                 "libxml2": "v2.11.5",
                 "zlib": "v1.3.1",
                 "brotli": "v1.1.0",
@@ -739,7 +739,7 @@
                 "swift-sdk-generator": "main",
                 "wasi-libc": "wasi-sdk-27",
                 "wasmkit": "0.1.6",
-                "curl": "curl-8_9_1",
+                "curl": "curl-8_17_0",
                 "libxml2": "v2.11.5",
                 "zlib": "v1.3.1",
                 "brotli": "v1.1.0",