feature #59904 [Routing] Add alias in {foo:bar} syntax in route parameter (eltharin)

This PR was squashed before being merged into the 7.3 branch.

Discussion
----------

[Routing] Add alias in `{foo:bar}` syntax in route parameter

| Q             | A
| ------------- | ---
| Branch?       | 7.3
| Bug fix?      | no
| New feature?  | yes
| Deprecations? | no
| License       | MIT

Since symfony/symfony#54720 we can/have to write route parameters with "destination" as slug:bar,

but if we have two properties with same name example :

`/search-book/{name:author}/{name:category}`

we get the error message : Route pattern "/search-book/{name}/{name}" cannot reference variable name "name" more than once.

Actually to prevent this error we have to use MapEntity as :

```php
    public function bookSearch(
        #[MapEntity(mapping: ['authorName' => 'name'])]
        Author $author,
        #[MapEntity(mapping: ['categoryName' => 'name'])]
        Category $category): Response
    {
```

and we have to remove Mapped Route Parameters :

`#[Route('/search-book/{authorName}/{categoryName}')`

This PR proposal is to remove MapEntity attributes and keep Mapped Route Parameters by adding an alias on it :

`/search-book/{authorName:author.name}/{categoryName:category.name}`

With that, EntityValueResolver will search name in author Entity and name in Category Entity.

We can have url with : `{{ path('bookSearch', {authorName: 'KING', categoryName: 'Horror'}) }}`

Commits
-------

4e2c6386912 [Routing] Add alias in `{foo:bar}` syntax in route parameter

Author: fabpot

EventListener/RouterListener.php

@@ -117,7 +117,14 @@ public function onKernelRequest(RequestEvent $event): void
                 $attributes = [];
 
                 foreach ($parameters as $parameter => $value) {
-                    $attribute = $mapping[$parameter] ?? $parameter;
+                    if (!isset($mapping[$parameter])) {
+                        $attribute = $parameter;
+                    } elseif (\is_array($mapping[$parameter])) {
+                        [$attribute, $parameter] = $mapping[$parameter];
+                        $mappedAttributes[$attribute] = '';
+                    } else {
+                        $attribute = $mapping[$parameter];
+                    }
 
                     if (!isset($mappedAttributes[$attribute])) {
                         $attributes[$attribute] = $value;

Tests/EventListener/RouterListenerTest.php

@@ -323,5 +323,49 @@ public static function provideRouteMapping(): iterable
                 ],
             ],
         ];
+
+        yield [
+            [
+                'conference' => ['slug' => 'vienna-2024'],
+            ],
+            [
+                'slug' => 'vienna-2024',
+                '_route_mapping' => [
+                    'slug' => [
+                        'conference',
+                        'slug',
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ];
+
+        yield [
+            [
+                'article' => [
+                    'id' => 'abc123',
+                    'date' => '2024-04-24',
+                    'slug' => 'symfony-rocks',
+                ],
+            ],
+            [
+                'id' => 'abc123',
+                'date' => '2024-04-24',
+                'slug' => 'symfony-rocks',
+                '_route_mapping' => [
+                    'id' => [
+                        'article',
+                        'id'
+                    ],
+                    'date' => [
+                        'article',
+                        'date',
+                    ],
+                    'slug' => [
+                        'article',
+                        'slug',
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ];
     }
 }