Add preliminary performance tester

mado-perf is a standalone benchmarking program, modeled after x11perf,
that evaluates the performance of compositing functions.

Expected output format:
       2000 reps @   0.0140 msec (  71523084.1/sec): 1x1 argb32 source
       2000 reps @   0.0140 msec (  71523084.1/sec): 1x1 argb32 source
       2000 reps @   0.0130 msec (  77032700.4/sec): 1x1 argb32 source
       ...
       2000 reps @   0.0140 msec (  71523084.1/sec): 1x1 argb32 source
      80000 trep @   0.5578 msec (  73726930.6/sec): 1x1 argb32 source

Co-authored-by: Ben You <[email protected]>

Author: jserv

.gitignore

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 *.a
 demo-*
 .demo-*
+mado-perf
+.mado-perf
 font-edit
 .font-edit
 

Makefile

@@ -131,6 +131,18 @@ libtwin.a_cflags-y += $(shell pkg-config --cflags neatvnc aml pixman-1)
 TARGET_LIBS += $(shell pkg-config --libs neatvnc aml pixman-1)
 endif
 
+# Performance tester
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_PERF_TEST), y)
+target-$(CONFIG_PERF_TEST) += mado-perf
+mado-perf_depends-y += $(target.a-y)
+mado-perf_files-y += tools/perf.c
+mado-perf_includes-y := include
+mado-perf_ldflags-y := \
+	$(target.a-y) \
+	$(TARGET_LIBS)
+endif
+
 # Standalone application
 
 ifeq ($(CONFIG_DEMO_APPLICATIONS), y)

configs/Kconfig

@@ -159,4 +159,9 @@ config TOOL_FONTEDIT
     default y
     depends on TOOLS
 
+config PERF_TEST
+    bool "Build performance tester"
+    default y
+    depends on TOOLS
+
 endmenu

tools/perf.c

@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+/*
+ * Twin - A Tiny Window System
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan
+ * All rights reserved.
+ */
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "twin.h"
+
+#define TEST_PIX_WIDTH 1200
+#define TEST_PIX_HEIGHT 800
+#define MIN_TEST_REPS 40
+#define TARGET_TEST_TIME 500000 /* 0.5 seconds in microseconds */
+
+/* Maximum repetitions to prevent excessive runtime */
+#define MAX_REPS 2000000
+/* Size-based calibration limits */
+#define MAX_REPS_LARGE 20000   /* For operations >= 100x100 */
+#define MAX_REPS_MEDIUM 200000 /* For operations >= 10x10 */
+
+static twin_pixmap_t *src32, *dst32, *mask8;
+static int test_width, test_height;
+
+/* Sync time adjustment calculation */
+static double sync_time_adjustment = 0.0;
+
+static void test_argb32_source_argb32(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_PIXMAP, .u.pixmap = src32};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_SOURCE,
+                   test_width, test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_argb32_over_argb32(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_PIXMAP, .u.pixmap = src32};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_argb32_over_argb32_mask(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_PIXMAP, .u.pixmap = src32};
+    twin_operand_t masko = {.source_kind = TWIN_PIXMAP, .u.pixmap = mask8};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, &masko, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER,
+                   test_width, test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_source_argb32(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0x80ff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_SOURCE,
+                   test_width, test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_over_argb32(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0x80ff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_over_argb32_mask(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0x80ff0000};
+    twin_operand_t masko = {.source_kind = TWIN_PIXMAP, .u.pixmap = mask8};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, &masko, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER,
+                   test_width, test_height);
+}
+
+/* Test with different alpha levels */
+static void test_solid_over_argb32_25(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0x40ff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_over_argb32_50(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0x80ff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_over_argb32_75(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0xc0ff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+static void test_solid_over_argb32_opaque(void)
+{
+    twin_operand_t srco = {.source_kind = TWIN_SOLID, .u.argb = 0xffff0000};
+    twin_composite(dst32, 0, 0, &srco, 0, 0, NULL, 0, 0, TWIN_OVER, test_width,
+                   test_height);
+}
+
+/* Measure sync time by calling gettimeofday() repeatedly */
+static void measure_sync_time(void)
+{
+    struct timeval start, end;
+    int reps = 10000;
+
+    gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
+    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
+        gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
+    gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
+
+    uint64_t start_us = (uint64_t) start.tv_sec * 1000000U + start.tv_usec;
+    uint64_t end_us = (uint64_t) end.tv_sec * 1000000U + end.tv_usec;
+
+    sync_time_adjustment = ((double) (end_us - start_us)) / reps / 1000.0;
+}
+
+/* Calibrate test repetitions to run for approximately TARGET_TEST_TIME */
+static int calibrate_reps(void (*test_func)(void))
+{
+    struct timeval start, end;
+    int reps = 1000; /* Start with a reasonable base */
+    uint64_t elapsed_us;
+    int area = test_width * test_height;
+    int max_reps_for_size;
+    uint64_t target_time_for_size;
+
+    /* Adjust limits based on operation size */
+    if (area >= 10000) { /* 100x100 or larger */
+        max_reps_for_size = MAX_REPS_LARGE;
+        target_time_for_size = TARGET_TEST_TIME / 2; /* 250ms for large ops */
+        reps = 200;           /* Start smaller for large operations */
+    } else if (area >= 100) { /* 10x10 or larger */
+        max_reps_for_size = MAX_REPS_MEDIUM;
+        target_time_for_size =
+            TARGET_TEST_TIME * 3 / 4; /* 375ms for medium ops */
+        reps = 1000;
+    } else { /* Small operations (1x1, etc.) */
+        max_reps_for_size = MAX_REPS;
+        target_time_for_size = TARGET_TEST_TIME; /* Full 500ms for tiny ops */
+        reps = 2000;
+    }
+
+    /* Start with a reasonable number and scale up gradually */
+    do {
+        gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
+        for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
+            test_func();
+        gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
+
+        elapsed_us = ((uint64_t) end.tv_sec * 1000000U + end.tv_usec) -
+                     ((uint64_t) start.tv_sec * 1000000U + start.tv_usec);
+
+        /* If too fast, increase reps but cap at size-appropriate MAX_REPS */
+        if (elapsed_us < target_time_for_size / 4 &&
+            reps < max_reps_for_size / 4) {
+            reps *= 4;
+        } else if (elapsed_us < target_time_for_size / 2 &&
+                   reps < max_reps_for_size / 2) {
+            reps *= 2;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    } while (reps < max_reps_for_size);
+
+    /* Calculate final repetitions for target time, but respect size limits */
+    if (elapsed_us > 0 && reps < max_reps_for_size) {
+        int target_reps =
+            (int) ((double) reps * target_time_for_size / elapsed_us);
+        reps =
+            (target_reps > max_reps_for_size) ? max_reps_for_size : target_reps;
+    }
+
+    return reps > 0 ? (area >= 10000 ? 200 : area >= 100 ? 1000 : 2000) : reps;
+}
+
+static void run_test_series(const char *test_name,
+                            void (*test_func)(void),
+                            int width,
+                            int height)
+{
+    test_width = width;
+    test_height = height;
+
+    /* Calibrate repetitions */
+    int reps = calibrate_reps(test_func);
+
+    /* Run multiple test iterations */
+    double total_rate = 0.0;
+    int num_runs = MIN_TEST_REPS;
+
+    for (int run = 0; run < num_runs; run++) {
+        struct timeval start, end;
+
+        gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
+        for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++)
+            test_func();
+        gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
+
+        uint64_t start_us = (uint64_t) start.tv_sec * 1000000U + start.tv_usec;
+        uint64_t end_us = (uint64_t) end.tv_sec * 1000000U + end.tv_usec;
+
+        double elapsed_ms =
+            ((double) (end_us - start_us)) / 1000.0 - sync_time_adjustment;
+        double rate = (elapsed_ms > 0.0) ? (reps * 1000.0) / elapsed_ms : 0.0;
+
+        printf("   %8d reps @ %8.4f msec (%12.1f/sec): %s\n", reps, elapsed_ms,
+               rate, test_name);
+
+        total_rate += rate;
+    }
+
+    /* Print summary */
+    uint64_t total_reps = (uint64_t) reps * num_runs;
+    double avg_rate = total_rate / num_runs;
+    /* Calculate actual average time from the total rate */
+    double avg_time = (avg_rate > 0.0) ? (total_reps * 1000.0) / avg_rate : 0.0;
+
+    printf("%11" PRIu64 " trep @ %8.4f msec (%12.1f/sec): %s\n", total_reps,
+           avg_time, avg_rate, test_name);
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+static void run_basic_tests(void)
+{
+    /* Basic pixmap composition tests */
+    run_test_series("1x1 argb32 source", test_argb32_source_argb32, 1, 1);
+    run_test_series("1x1 argb32 over", test_argb32_over_argb32, 1, 1);
+    run_test_series("1x1 argb32 over mask", test_argb32_over_argb32_mask, 1, 1);
+
+    run_test_series("10x10 argb32 source", test_argb32_source_argb32, 10, 10);
+    run_test_series("10x10 argb32 over", test_argb32_over_argb32, 10, 10);
+    run_test_series("10x10 argb32 over mask", test_argb32_over_argb32_mask, 10,
+                    10);
+
+    run_test_series("100x100 argb32 source", test_argb32_source_argb32, 100,
+                    100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 argb32 over", test_argb32_over_argb32, 100, 100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 argb32 over mask", test_argb32_over_argb32_mask,
+                    100, 100);
+}
+
+static void run_solid_tests(void)
+{
+    /* Solid color composition tests */
+    run_test_series("1x1 solid source", test_solid_source_argb32, 1, 1);
+    run_test_series("1x1 solid over", test_solid_over_argb32, 1, 1);
+    run_test_series("1x1 solid over mask", test_solid_over_argb32_mask, 1, 1);
+
+    run_test_series("10x10 solid source", test_solid_source_argb32, 10, 10);
+    run_test_series("10x10 solid over", test_solid_over_argb32, 10, 10);
+    run_test_series("10x10 solid over mask", test_solid_over_argb32_mask, 10,
+                    10);
+
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid source", test_solid_source_argb32, 100, 100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over", test_solid_over_argb32, 100, 100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over mask", test_solid_over_argb32_mask, 100,
+                    100);
+}
+
+static void run_alpha_tests(void)
+{
+    /* Alpha transparency tests */
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over 25%", test_solid_over_argb32_25, 100,
+                    100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over 50%", test_solid_over_argb32_50, 100,
+                    100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over 75%", test_solid_over_argb32_75, 100,
+                    100);
+    run_test_series("100x100 solid over opaque", test_solid_over_argb32_opaque,
+                    100, 100);
+}
+
+static void run_large_tests(void)
+{
+    /* Large area tests */
+    run_test_series("500x500 argb32 source", test_argb32_source_argb32, 500,
+                    500);
+    run_test_series("500x500 argb32 over", test_argb32_over_argb32, 500, 500);
+    run_test_series("500x500 solid over", test_solid_over_argb32, 500, 500);
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+    time_t now;
+    char hostname[256];
+
+    /* Print header similar to x11perf */
+    time(&now);
+    if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) != 0)
+        strcpy(hostname, "localhost");
+
+    printf("Mado performance tester on %s\n", hostname);
+    printf("%s", ctime(&now));
+
+    /* Measure sync time adjustment */
+    measure_sync_time();
+    printf("Sync time adjustment is %.4f msecs.\n\n", sync_time_adjustment);
+
+    /* Create test pixmaps */
+    src32 = twin_pixmap_from_file("assets/tux.png", TWIN_ARGB32);
+    assert(src32);
+    dst32 = twin_pixmap_create(TWIN_ARGB32, TEST_PIX_WIDTH, TEST_PIX_HEIGHT);
+    assert(dst32);
+    mask8 = twin_pixmap_create(TWIN_A8, TEST_PIX_WIDTH, TEST_PIX_HEIGHT);
+    assert(mask8);
+
+    /* Fill destination pixmap */
+    twin_fill(dst32, 0x80112233, TWIN_SOURCE, 0, 0, TEST_PIX_WIDTH,
+              TEST_PIX_HEIGHT);
+
+    /* Create gradient mask for masking tests */
+    twin_fill(mask8, 0x80808080, TWIN_SOURCE, 0, 0, TEST_PIX_WIDTH,
+              TEST_PIX_HEIGHT);
+
+    /* Pre-touch data */
+    test_width = 1;
+    test_height = 1;
+    test_argb32_source_argb32();
+
+    /* Run comprehensive test series */
+    run_basic_tests();
+    run_solid_tests();
+    run_alpha_tests();
+    run_large_tests();
+
+    /* Cleanup */
+    twin_pixmap_destroy(src32);
+    twin_pixmap_destroy(dst32);
+    twin_pixmap_destroy(mask8);
+
+    return 0;
+}