coredump: correctly take tmpfs size into account for compression

We calculate the amount of uncompressed data we can write by taking the limits
into account and halving it to ensure there's room for switching to compression
on the fly when storing cores on a tmpfs (eg: due read-only rootfs).

But the logic is flawed, as taking into account the size of the tmpfs storage
was applied after the halving, so in practice when an uncompressed core file
was larger than the tmpfs, we fill it and then fail.

Rearrange the logic so that the halving is done after taking into account
the tmpfs size.

(cherry picked from commit e6b2508)
(cherry picked from commit a946258)
(cherry picked from commit 3dacca1)
(cherry picked from commit 523f91c)
(cherry picked from commit d427f8a)

Author: bluca

src/coredump/coredump.c

@@ -560,17 +560,21 @@ static int save_external_coredump(
                                                   bus_error_message(&error, r));
                 }
 
+                /* First, ensure we are not going to go over the cgroup limit */
                 max_size = MIN(cgroup_limit, max_size);
-                max_size = LESS_BY(max_size, 1024U) / 2; /* Account for 1KB metadata overhead for compressing */
-                max_size = MAX(PROCESS_SIZE_MIN, max_size); /* Impose a lower minimum */
-
-                /* tmpfs might get full quickly, so check the available space too.
-                 * But don't worry about errors here, failing to access the storage
-                 * location will be better logged when writing to it. */
+                /* tmpfs might get full quickly, so check the available space too. But don't worry about
+                 * errors here, failing to access the storage location will be better logged when writing to
+                 * it. */
                 if (statvfs("/var/lib/systemd/coredump/", &sv) >= 0)
                         max_size = MIN((uint64_t)sv.f_frsize * (uint64_t)sv.f_bfree, max_size);
-
-                log_debug("Limiting core file size to %" PRIu64 " bytes due to cgroup memory limits.", max_size);
+                /* Impose a lower minimum, otherwise we will miss the basic headers. */
+                max_size = MAX(PROCESS_SIZE_MIN, max_size);
+                /* Ensure we can always switch to compressing on the fly in case we are running out of space
+                 * by keeping half of the space/memory available, plus 1KB metadata overhead from the
+                 * compression algorithm. */
+                max_size = LESS_BY(max_size, 1024U) / 2;
+
+                log_debug("Limiting core file size to %" PRIu64 " bytes due to cgroup and/or filesystem limits.", max_size);
         }
 
         r = copy_bytes(input_fd, fd, max_size, 0);