Auto merge of rust-lang#99943 - compiler-errors:tuple-trait, r=jackh726

Implement `std::marker::Tuple`, use it in `extern "rust-call"` and `Fn`-family traits

Implements rust-lang/compiler-team#537

I made a few opinionated decisions in this implementation, specifically:
1. Enforcing `extern "rust-call"` on fn items during wfcheck,
2. Enforcing this for all functions (not just ones that have bodies),
3. Gating this `Tuple` marker trait behind its own feature, instead of grouping it into (e.g.) `unboxed_closures`.

Still needing to be done:
1. Enforce that `extern "rust-call"` `fn`-ptrs are well-formed only if they have 1/2 args and the second one implements `Tuple`. (Doing this would fix ICE in rust-lang#66696.)
2. Deny all explicit/user `impl`s of the `Tuple` trait, kinda like `Sized`.
3. Fixing `Tuple` trait built-in impl for chalk, so that chalkification tests are un-broken.

Open questions:
1. Does this need t-lang or t-libs signoff?

Fixes rust-lang#99820

Author: bors

alloc/src/boxed.rs

@@ -158,6 +158,8 @@ use core::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 #[cfg(not(no_global_oom_handling))]
 use core::iter::FromIterator;
 use core::iter::{FusedIterator, Iterator};
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+use core::marker::Tuple;
 use core::marker::{Destruct, Unpin, Unsize};
 use core::mem;
 use core::ops::{
@@ -1979,6 +1981,7 @@ impl<I: ExactSizeIterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator> ExactSizeIterator for Box<I, A
 #[stable(feature = "fused", since = "1.26.0")]
 impl<I: FusedIterator + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FusedIterator for Box<I, A> {}
 
+#[cfg(bootstrap)]
 #[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
 impl<Args, F: FnOnce<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FnOnce<Args> for Box<F, A> {
     type Output = <F as FnOnce<Args>>::Output;
@@ -1988,20 +1991,48 @@ impl<Args, F: FnOnce<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FnOnce<Args> for Box<F, A> {
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+#[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
+impl<Args: Tuple, F: FnOnce<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FnOnce<Args> for Box<F, A> {
+    type Output = <F as FnOnce<Args>>::Output;
+
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_once(self, args: Args) -> Self::Output {
+        <F as FnOnce<Args>>::call_once(*self, args)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(bootstrap)]
 #[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
 impl<Args, F: FnMut<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FnMut<Args> for Box<F, A> {
     extern "rust-call" fn call_mut(&mut self, args: Args) -> Self::Output {
         <F as FnMut<Args>>::call_mut(self, args)
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+#[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
+impl<Args: Tuple, F: FnMut<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> FnMut<Args> for Box<F, A> {
+    extern "rust-call" fn call_mut(&mut self, args: Args) -> Self::Output {
+        <F as FnMut<Args>>::call_mut(self, args)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(bootstrap)]
 #[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
 impl<Args, F: Fn<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> Fn<Args> for Box<F, A> {
     extern "rust-call" fn call(&self, args: Args) -> Self::Output {
         <F as Fn<Args>>::call(self, args)
     }
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+#[stable(feature = "boxed_closure_impls", since = "1.35.0")]
+impl<Args: Tuple, F: Fn<Args> + ?Sized, A: Allocator> Fn<Args> for Box<F, A> {
+    extern "rust-call" fn call(&self, args: Args) -> Self::Output {
+        <F as Fn<Args>>::call(self, args)
+    }
+}
+
 #[unstable(feature = "coerce_unsized", issue = "27732")]
 impl<T: ?Sized + Unsize<U>, U: ?Sized, A: Allocator> CoerceUnsized<Box<U, A>> for Box<T, A> {}
 

alloc/src/lib.rs

@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@
 #![feature(trusted_len)]
 #![feature(trusted_random_access)]
 #![feature(try_trait_v2)]
+#![cfg_attr(not(bootstrap), feature(tuple_trait))]
 #![feature(unchecked_math)]
 #![feature(unicode_internals)]
 #![feature(unsize)]

core/src/const_closure.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 use crate::marker::Destruct;
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+use crate::marker::Tuple;
 
 /// Struct representing a closure with mutably borrowed data.
 ///
@@ -44,6 +46,7 @@ impl<'a, CapturedData: ?Sized, Function> ConstFnMutClosure<&'a mut CapturedData,
 
 macro_rules! impl_fn_mut_tuple {
     ($($var:ident)*) => {
+        #[cfg(bootstrap)]
         #[allow(unused_parens)]
         impl<'a, $($var,)* ClosureArguments, Function, ClosureReturnValue> const
             FnOnce<ClosureArguments> for ConstFnMutClosure<($(&'a mut $var),*), Function>
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@ macro_rules! impl_fn_mut_tuple {
             self.call_mut(args)
             }
         }
+        #[cfg(bootstrap)]
         #[allow(unused_parens)]
         impl<'a, $($var,)* ClosureArguments, Function, ClosureReturnValue> const
             FnMut<ClosureArguments> for ConstFnMutClosure<($(&'a mut $var),*), Function>
@@ -68,6 +72,32 @@ macro_rules! impl_fn_mut_tuple {
                 (self.func)(($($var),*), args)
             }
         }
+        #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+        #[allow(unused_parens)]
+        impl<'a, $($var,)* ClosureArguments: Tuple, Function, ClosureReturnValue> const
+            FnOnce<ClosureArguments> for ConstFnMutClosure<($(&'a mut $var),*), Function>
+        where
+            Function: ~const Fn(($(&mut $var),*), ClosureArguments) -> ClosureReturnValue+ ~const Destruct,
+        {
+            type Output = ClosureReturnValue;
+
+            extern "rust-call" fn call_once(mut self, args: ClosureArguments) -> Self::Output {
+            self.call_mut(args)
+            }
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+        #[allow(unused_parens)]
+        impl<'a, $($var,)* ClosureArguments: Tuple, Function, ClosureReturnValue> const
+            FnMut<ClosureArguments> for ConstFnMutClosure<($(&'a mut $var),*), Function>
+        where
+            Function: ~const Fn(($(&mut $var),*), ClosureArguments)-> ClosureReturnValue,
+        {
+            extern "rust-call" fn call_mut(&mut self, args: ClosureArguments) -> Self::Output {
+                #[allow(non_snake_case)]
+                let ($($var),*) = &mut self.data;
+                (self.func)(($($var),*), args)
+            }
+        }
     };
 }
 impl_fn_mut_tuple!(A);

core/src/intrinsics.rs

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
 #![allow(missing_docs)]
 
 use crate::marker::DiscriminantKind;
+#[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+use crate::marker::Tuple;
 use crate::mem;
 
 // These imports are used for simplifying intra-doc links
@@ -2169,11 +2171,75 @@ extern "rust-intrinsic" {
     /// `unreachable_unchecked` is actually being reached. The bug is in *crate A*,
     /// which violates the principle that a `const fn` must behave the same at
     /// compile-time and at run-time. The unsafe code in crate B is fine.
+    #[cfg(bootstrap)]
     #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_eval_select", issue = "none")]
     pub fn const_eval_select<ARG, F, G, RET>(arg: ARG, called_in_const: F, called_at_rt: G) -> RET
     where
         G: FnOnce<ARG, Output = RET>,
         F: FnOnce<ARG, Output = RET>;
+
+    /// Selects which function to call depending on the context.
+    ///
+    /// If this function is evaluated at compile-time, then a call to this
+    /// intrinsic will be replaced with a call to `called_in_const`. It gets
+    /// replaced with a call to `called_at_rt` otherwise.
+    ///
+    /// # Type Requirements
+    ///
+    /// The two functions must be both function items. They cannot be function
+    /// pointers or closures. The first function must be a `const fn`.
+    ///
+    /// `arg` will be the tupled arguments that will be passed to either one of
+    /// the two functions, therefore, both functions must accept the same type of
+    /// arguments. Both functions must return RET.
+    ///
+    /// # Safety
+    ///
+    /// The two functions must behave observably equivalent. Safe code in other
+    /// crates may assume that calling a `const fn` at compile-time and at run-time
+    /// produces the same result. A function that produces a different result when
+    /// evaluated at run-time, or has any other observable side-effects, is
+    /// *unsound*.
+    ///
+    /// Here is an example of how this could cause a problem:
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// #![feature(const_eval_select)]
+    /// #![feature(core_intrinsics)]
+    /// use std::hint::unreachable_unchecked;
+    /// use std::intrinsics::const_eval_select;
+    ///
+    /// // Crate A
+    /// pub const fn inconsistent() -> i32 {
+    ///     fn runtime() -> i32 { 1 }
+    ///     const fn compiletime() -> i32 { 2 }
+    ///
+    ///     unsafe {
+    //          // ⚠ This code violates the required equivalence of `compiletime`
+    ///         // and `runtime`.
+    ///         const_eval_select((), compiletime, runtime)
+    ///     }
+    /// }
+    ///
+    /// // Crate B
+    /// const X: i32 = inconsistent();
+    /// let x = inconsistent();
+    /// if x != X { unsafe { unreachable_unchecked(); }}
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// This code causes Undefined Behavior when being run, since the
+    /// `unreachable_unchecked` is actually being reached. The bug is in *crate A*,
+    /// which violates the principle that a `const fn` must behave the same at
+    /// compile-time and at run-time. The unsafe code in crate B is fine.
+    #[cfg(not(bootstrap))]
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_eval_select", issue = "none")]
+    pub fn const_eval_select<ARG: Tuple, F, G, RET>(
+        arg: ARG,
+        called_in_const: F,
+        called_at_rt: G,
+    ) -> RET
+    where
+        G: FnOnce<ARG, Output = RET>,
+        F: FnOnce<ARG, Output = RET>;
 }
 
 // Some functions are defined here because they accidentally got made