SCBBA.m

function [SC,errorFlags] = SCBBA(SC,BPMords,magOrds,varargin)
% SCBBA
% =====
%
% NAME
% ----
% SCBBA - Performs model independent beam based alignment
%
% SYNOPSIS
% --------
% `[SC, errorFlags] = SCBBA(SC, BPMords, magOrds, [, options])`
%
%
% DESCRIPTION
% -----------
% Perform a model independent beam based alignment procedure using either two-turn
% trajectories or closed orbit bumps.
% In two-turn mode, for each BPM the injected beam trajectory is varied within a
% user defined range and the corresponding magnet is exercised on a user
% defined vector of setpoints. If the initial trajectory variation causes beam
% losses, the trajectory variation is reduced until all injected beam
% trajectories reach the BBA-BPM. If the final trajectory variation at the
% considered BBA-BPM is below a user defined threshold, a quadrupole may be
% exercised to change the phase advance between the injection point and the
% BPM (see option `'quadOrdPhaseAdvance'`).
% In orbit mode an orbit bump is generated at each considered BPM using orbit feedback
% with weighting factors on a user defined window around the BBA BPM.
% Finally, for each injected beam trajectory or orbit bump step the offset variation due
% the change in magnet strength (see option `'magOrder'`) is recorded at the BPMs used
% for measurement. A polynomial fit (see option `'fitOrder'`) is used to determine the
% center of the BBA-BPM with respect to the used magnet.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
%
% `SC`::
%	SC base structure
% `BPMords`::
%	[2 x n] array of BPM ordinates
% `magOrds`::
%	[2 x n] array of magnet ordinates for the corresponding BPMs in `BPMords`
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
%
% `SC`::
%	SC base structure with updated BPM offsets
% `errorFlags`::
%	[2 x n] array of error flags for each BPM
%
%
% OPTIONS
% -------
% The following options can be specified as name-value pairs:
%
% `'mode'` (`SC.INJ.trackMode`)::
%    Orbit or two-turn trajectory mode (`'TBT'`)
% `'outlierRejectionAt'` (`Inf`)::
%    If the calculated BPM offset change is above the specified value, the measurement
%    is discarted and the BPM offset is not updated.
% `'fakeMeasForFailures'` (`1`)::
%    This option intends to mimic the operator's ability to identify errors in the
%    measurement procedure and adjust the fine tuning parameters for individual BPMs.
%	 After performing the measurement routine, the rms value of the difference between
%    the BPM offsets and the magnet centers is calculated for both planes for all
%    successful BPMs. If this flag is set to `1`, all BPM offsets at which the measurement
%    failed are artificially generated using a Gaussian distribution with two sigma cutoff
%    with the rms value as described above.
% `'dipCompensation'` (`1`)::
%	 Flag specifying if dipole compensation at combined function magnets should be used in
%    measurement. This works only if the considered magnet is equipped with a registered HCM.
%    If so, the HCM is used to compensate the bending angle change when changing the main
%    quadrupole coil. If this option is switched off, the HCM is not used and the 'real'
%    quadrupole center is determined in the measurement and the BPM offset is adjusted in
%    order to account for the difference between the real quadrupole center and its design
%    value.
% `'nSteps'` (`10`)::
%	 Number of different trajectories/orbit bump steps for each magnet setting
% `'fitOrder'` (`1`)::
%	 Order of polynominal fitting, e.g. `1` for linear, `2` for quadratic fit.
% `'magOrder'` (`2`)::
%	 Order of magnet setpoint change, e.g. `2` for quadrupole, `3` for sextupole etc.
% `'magSPvec'` (`[0.95 1.05]`)::
%	 Strength variation of magnets. Can be either 1xN array of setpoint variations
%    (applied to all specified magnets) or cell array of 1xN arrays with
%    size(magSPvec)==size(magOrds) such that each magnet has it's individual setpoint
%    variation array.
% `'magSPflag'` (`'rel'`)::
%	 Specify how magnet setpoint as specified by option 'magSPvec' should be changed,
%    e.g. relative or absolute (see *SCsetMags2SetPoints*).
% `'skewQuadrupole'` (`0`)::
%	 If true, it is assumed that a skew quadrupole is used. Thus, the BPM readings in the
%    dimension other than the trajectory/orbit excitation is used for evaluation.
% `'SingleCorrOrbit'` (`0`)::
%	 If true, the most efective single corrector based on the response matrix
%	 is used. This method is usually faster but less acurate than the orbit
%	 bump metod since the extra orbit around the machine adds non
%	 linearities.
% `'switchOffSext'` (`0`)::
%	 Flag specifying if sextupole coil in BBA magnet should be switched off
%    (e.g. if quadrupole trim coils are used).
% `'RMstruct'` (`[]`)::
%	 Structure containing pre-calculated response matrix etc. for orbit feedback
%    (orbit mode only). If empty the relevant arrays are calculated with default
%    parameters.
% `'orbBumpWindow'` (`5`)::
%	 Number of BPMs adjacent to BBA BPM (upstream and downstream) where the BPM weighting
%    in orbit feedback is set to zero to allow for a pseudo orbit bump (orbit mode only).
% `'useBPMreadingsForOrbBumpRef'` (`0`)::
%	 If true the actual BPM readings will be used for the reference when generating the
%    pseudo orbit bump (orbit mode only) instead of zeros. (See github issue #22)
% `'BBABPMtarget'` (`1E-3`)::
%	 Desired offset variation at BBA-BPM (BPM adjacent to magnet) which should be
%    achieved by trajectory change or orbit bump.
% `'minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM'` (`0.5E-3`)::
%	 Threshold of change of offset at BBA-BPM; if below BBA evaluation is not performed.
% `'minBPMrangeDownstream'` (`100E-6`)::
%	 Minimum change of offset at downstream BPMs to be included in calculation.
% `'nXPointsNeededAtMeasBPM'` (`3`)::
%	 Number of x-positions at BBA-BPM required for linear regression at
%	 measurement BPMs.
% `'maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs'` (`length(SC.ORD.BPM)`)::
%	 Number downstream BPMs considered in the data evaluation (2-turn mode only).
% `'minSlopeForFit'` (`0.03`)::
%	 Minimum fitted slope at measurement BPMs with respect to magnet change which
%    is still used in determining BPM center (a very small slope usually indicates
%    an unfortunate phase advance and can significantly affect the measurement if
%    not excluded). Only with linear fitting.
% `'maxStdForFittedCenters'` (`600E-6`)::
%	 If standard deviation of the fitted BPM centers as determined by all
%	 downstream BPMs exceeds this value, output will be `'nan'`.
% `'maxTrajChangeAtInjection'` (`[0.9E-3 0.9E-3]`)::
%	 Maximum offset [m] and kick [rad] change at injection (2-turn mode only).
% `'quadOrdPhaseAdvance'` (`[]`)::
%	 Magnet ordinate which is used to change the phase advance between injection
%    and BBA-BPM (2-turn mode only).
% `'quadStrengthPhaseAdvance'` (`[0.95 1.05]`)::
%	 Relative magnet strength variation used to change the phase advance between
%    injection and BBA-BPM (2-turn mode only).
% `'plotLines'` (0)::
%	 If true, each injected beam and intermediate BBA results will be plotted.
% `'plotResults'` (0)::
%    If true, final BBA results are plotted.
% `'verbose'` (0)::
%	 If true, debug information is printed.
%
% ERROR FLAGS
% -----------
% The [2 x n] array of error flags specify if and why the measurement failed for each BPM
% and may have the following value:
%
% (0):: All good
% (1):: Max. range at BBA-BPM to small (see option 'minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM')
% (2):: Max. range at downstream BPM to small (see option 'minBPMrangeOtherBPM')
% (3):: Fitted magnetic centers to far spread out (see option 'maxStdForFittedCenters')
% (4):: All downstream BPM measurements failed
% (5):: Unexpected error during data evaluation
% (6):: Calculated BPM offset change too large (see option 'outlierRejectionAt')
%
% SEE ALSO
% --------
% *SCsetMags2SetPoints*, *SCgetBPMreading*, *SCfeedbackRun*

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Input check

p = inputParser;
addOptional(p,'mode',SC.INJ.trackMode);
addOptional(p,'outlierRejectionAt',Inf);
addOptional(p,'fakeMeasForFailures',0);
addOptional(p,'dipCompensation',1);
addOptional(p,'nSteps',10);
addOptional(p,'fitOrder',1);
addOptional(p,'magOrder',2);
addOptional(p,'magSPvec',[0.95,1.05]);
addOptional(p,'magSPflag','rel');
addOptional(p,'skewQuadrupole',0);
addOptional(p,'switchOffSext',0);
addOptional(p,'SingleCorrOrbit',0);
addOptional(p,'RMstruct',[]);
addOptional(p,'orbBumpWindow',5);
addOptional(p,'useBPMreadingsForOrbBumpRef',0);
addOptional(p,'BBABPMtarget',1E-3);
addOptional(p,'minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM',500E-6);
addOptional(p,'minBPMrangeOtherBPM',100E-6);
addOptional(p,'maxStdForFittedCenters',600E-6);
addOptional(p,'nXPointsNeededAtMeasBPM',3);
addOptional(p,'maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs',length(SC.ORD.BPM));
addOptional(p,'minSlopeForFit',0.03);
addOptional(p,'maxTrajChangeAtInjection',[.9E-3 .9E-3]);
addOptional(p,'quadOrdPhaseAdvance',[ ]);
addOptional(p,'quadStrengthPhaseAdvance',[0.95 1.05]);
addOptional(p,'plotLines',0);
addOptional(p,'plotResults',0);
addOptional(p,'verbose',0);
parse(p,varargin{:});
par = p.Results;


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Initialization

if any(size(BPMords)~=size(magOrds))
    error('Input arrays for BPMs and magnets must be same size.')
end

if strcmp(par.mode,'TBT') && SC.INJ.nTurns~=2
    fprintf('Setting number of turns to 2.\n')
    SC.INJ.nTurns = 2;
end

% Expand setpoint variation array
if ~iscell(par.magSPvec)
    par.magSPvec = repmat({par.magSPvec},size(magOrds));
end

% Save initial BPM offset errors (for plotting)
initOffsetErrors = getBPMoffsetFromMag(SC,BPMords,magOrds);

% Initialize error flags
errorFlags = nan(size(BPMords));

% Offset and kick angle variation at injection (for trajectory mode)
kickVec0  = par.maxTrajChangeAtInjection' .* repmat(linspace(-1,1,par.nSteps),2,1);

% Save initial injection trajectory (for trajectory mode)
initialZ0 = SC.INJ.Z0;

% Calculate all relevant arrays for orbit correction if not supplied by user
if strcmp(par.mode,'ORB')
    if isempty(par.RMstruct)
        fprintf('Calculating orbit response matrix and dispersion.\n')
        par.RMstruct.RM        = SCgetModelRM(SC,SC.ORD.BPM,SC.ORD.CM,'trackMode','ORB','useIdealRing',1);
        par.RMstruct.eta       = SCgetModelDispersion(SC,SC.ORD.BPM,SC.ORD.Cavity);
        par.RMstruct.scaleDisp = 1E7;
        par.RMstruct.BPMords   = SC.ORD.BPM;
        par.RMstruct.CMords    = SC.ORD.CM;
        par.RMstruct.MinvCO    = SCgetPinv([par.RMstruct.RM par.RMstruct.scaleDisp*par.RMstruct.eta],'alpha',5);
    end
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Perform BBA routine

% Loop over BPMs
for jBPM=1:size(BPMords,2) % jBPM: Index of BPM adjacent to magnet for BBA

    % Horizontal/vertical
    for nDim=1:size(BPMords,1)
        if par.verbose;fprintf('BBA-BPM %d/%d, nDim = %d\n',jBPM,size(BPMords,2),nDim);end

        % Save initial machine state (for convenience)
        SC0 = SC;

        % Get BPM index-ordinate pairing
        BPMind = find(BPMords(nDim,jBPM)==SC.ORD.BPM);

        % Define ordinate of magnet for BBA
        mOrd = magOrds(nDim,jBPM);

        % Switch off sextupole coil at BBA magnet?
        if par.switchOffSext
            % Switch off sextupole coil
            SC = SCsetMags2SetPoints(SC,mOrd,2,3,0,'method','abs');
            % Run orbit feedback
            [SC,~] = SCfeedbackRun(SC,par.RMstruct.MinvCO,...
                'target',0,...
                'maxsteps',50,...
                'scaleDisp',par.RMstruct.scaleDisp,...
                'verbose',par.verbose,...
                'BPMords',par.RMstruct.BPMords,...
                'CMords',par.RMstruct.CMords,...
                'eps',1E-6);
        end


        switch par.mode
            case 'ORB'
                % Get orbit bump at BBA BPM
                [CMords,CMvec] = getOrbitBump(SC,mOrd,BPMords(nDim,jBPM),nDim,par);

                % Perform data measurement
                [BPMpos,tmpTra] = dataMeasurement(SC,mOrd,BPMind,jBPM,nDim,par,CMords,CMvec);

            case 'TBT'
                % Scale maximum initial trajectory variation before beam gets lost
                [kickVec, BPMrange] = scaleInjectionToReachBPM(SC,BPMind,nDim,initialZ0,kickVec0,par);

                % Check if offset range at BBA-BPM is to small and vary phase advance
                if ~isempty(par.quadOrdPhaseAdvance) && BPMrange < par.BBABPMtarget
                    [SC,kickVec] = scanPhaseAdvance(SC,BPMind,nDim,initialZ0,kickVec0,par);
                end

                % Perform data measurement
                [BPMpos,tmpTra] = dataMeasurement(SC,mOrd,BPMind,jBPM,nDim,par,initialZ0,kickVec);
        end

        % Perform data evaluation
        [OffsetChange,errorFlags(nDim,jBPM)] = dataEvaluation(SC,BPMords,jBPM,BPMpos,tmpTra,nDim,mOrd,par);

        % Reset machine (should ideally be done by setting all magnet setpoints to intial values)
        SC = SC0;

        % Outlier rejection
        if  OffsetChange > par.outlierRejectionAt
            OffsetChange          = nan;
            errorFlags(nDim,jBPM) = 6;
        end

        % Check if BPM center could be identified in measurement
        if ~isnan(OffsetChange)
            % Apply BBA results
            SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.Offset(nDim) = SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.Offset(nDim) + OffsetChange;
        end

    end

    % Plot BBA results
    if par.plotResults
        plotBBAResults(SC,initOffsetErrors,errorFlags,jBPM,BPMords,magOrds)
    end
end

% Fake measurement to deal with failed BPMs
if par.fakeMeasForFailures
    SC = fakeMeasurement(SC,BPMords,magOrds,errorFlags);
end
% 	% Remove outliers
% 	SC = removeOutliers(SC,BPMords,magOrds,par);
end

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Data measurement
function [BPMpos,tmpTra] = dataMeasurement(SC,mOrd,BPMind,jBPM,nDim,par,varargin)
% This function performs the data measurement by looping through the magnet
% setpoints and changing either the injected beam trajectory or the CMs to create
% a local orbit bump.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `mOrd`:: 	ordinate of BBA magnet
% `BPMind`:: Index of BBA BPM within SC.ORD.BPM
% `nDim`:: Hor/Ver plane
% `par`:: Auxiliary structure
% `varargin{1}`:: Either CM ordinates or initial injected trajectory
% `varargin{2}`:: Either CM setpoint matrix or injected trajectory offset and angle variations
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `BPMpos`:: Offset variation at BBA BPM
% `tmpTra`:: All other BPM readings throught the measurement

% Check if skew quadrupole is used
if par.skewQuadrupole
    magType = 1;
    if nDim==1
        measDim = 2;
    else
        measDim = 1;
    end
else
    magType = 2;
    measDim = nDim;
end


switch par.mode
    case 'ORB'

        % Used CM ordinates and setpoint matrix
        CMords = varargin{1};
        CMvec  = varargin{2};

        % Measurement steps per magnet setting
        nMsteps = size(CMvec{nDim},1);

        % Prealocate x and y data
        tmpTra = nan(nMsteps,length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}),length(SC.ORD.BPM));
        BPMpos = nan(nMsteps,length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}));

    case 'TBT'
        % Initial trajectory and kick variations
        initialZ0 = varargin{1};
        kickVec   = varargin{2};

        % Measurment steps per magnet setting
        nMsteps = size(kickVec,2);

        % Prealocate x and y data
        tmpTra = nan(nMsteps,length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}),par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs);
        BPMpos = nan(nMsteps,length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}));
end

% Loop over different magnet settings
for nQ=1:length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM})

    % Set magnet to different setpoints
    SC = SCsetMags2SetPoints(SC,mOrd,magType,par.magOrder,par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}(nQ),...
        'method',par.magSPflag,...
        'dipCompensation',par.dipCompensation);

    % Loop over different trajectories
    for nKick=1:nMsteps

        switch par.mode
            case 'ORB'
                % Set CM
                for nD=1:2
                    SC = SCsetCMs2SetPoints(SC,CMords{nD},CMvec{nD}(nKick,:),nD,'abs');
                end
            case 'TBT'
                % Vary initial trajectory
                SC.INJ.Z0(2*nDim)   = initialZ0(2*nDim  ) + kickVec(2,nKick); % kick angle
                SC.INJ.Z0(2*nDim-1) = initialZ0(2*nDim-1) + kickVec(1,nKick); % offset
        end

        % Calculate beam reading
        B = SCgetBPMreading(SC);

        % JUST FOR PLOTTING
        if par.plotLines; plotBBAstep(SC,BPMind,jBPM,nDim,nQ,mOrd,nKick,par);end

        % Save BBA-BPM readings
        BPMpos(nKick,nQ) = B(nDim,BPMind);

        switch par.mode
            case 'ORB'
                % Save all BPM readings
                tmpTra(nKick,nQ,:) = B(measDim, : );
            case 'TBT'
                % Save downstream BPM readings
                tmpTra(nKick,nQ,:) = B(measDim, (BPMind+1):(BPMind+par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs) );
        end
    end
end
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Data evaluation
function [OffsetChange,Error] = dataEvaluation(SC,BPMords,jBPM,BPMpos,tmpTra,nDim,mOrd,par)
% This function calculates the BPM offset from the measured data by identifying the zero
% crossing of each offset change. If 'par.plotLines=1', measurement details are plotted.
% Note: it is recommended to comment out the line 'SCplotBPMreading(SC,B,T1);' in the
% function SCgetBPMreading() for performance reasons if detailed plotting is requested.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `BPMind`:: Index of BBA BPM within SC.ORD.BPM
% `nDim`:: Hor/Ver plane
% `initialZ0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory
% `kickVec0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory change
% `par`:: Auxiliary structure
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `OffsetChange`:: Calculated BPM offset change (to be added on lattice element)
% `Error`:: Flag specifying if and why measurement failed. Values are:
%           (0): All good
%           (1): Max. range at BBA-BPM to small (see option 'minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM')
%           (2): Max. range at downstream BPM to small (see option 'minBPMrangeOtherBPM')
%           (3): Fitted magnetic centers to far spread out (see option 'maxStdForFittedCenters')
%           (4): All downstream BPM measurements failed
%           (5): Unexpected error

% Plot measurement details
if par.plotLines;figure(56),clf;hold on; p(1)=plot3(0,1E6*SC.RING{mOrd}.T2(2*nDim-1),0,'rD','MarkerSize',40,'MarkerFaceColor','b'); hold on;set(gca,'box','on');end

% Initialize output
OffsetChange = nan;
Error        = 5;

% Initialize arrays
tmpCenter = nan(1,(size(tmpTra,2)-1)*par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs);
tmpNorm   = nan(1,(size(tmpTra,2)-1)*par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs);
tmpRangeX = zeros(1,(size(tmpTra,2)-1)*par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs);
tmpRangeY = zeros(1,(size(tmpTra,2)-1)*par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs);

i = 0;
% Loop over downstream BPMs
for nBPM=1:par.maxNumOfDownstreamBPMs

    % y-data: downstream trajectory differences with respect to magnet setting
    y0 = diff(tmpTra(:,:,nBPM),1,2);
    % x data: BBA-BPM readings
    x0 = repmat(mean(BPMpos,2),1,size(y0,2));

    % Loop over different magnet differences
    for nKick=1:size(y0,2)
        i = i+1;

        % Current x and y data
        y = y0(:,nKick);
        x = x0(:,nKick);

        % Remove nan readings
        x(isnan(y)) = [];
        y(isnan(y)) = [];

        % Skip if BPM signal does not exist
        if isempty(x) || isempty(y)
            continue
        end

        % Calculate maximum trajectory change at BPMs
        tmpRangeX(i) = abs(min(x)-max(x));
        tmpRangeY(i) = abs(min(y)-max(y));

        % Initialize linear regression solution
        sol = nan(1,2);

        % Check if sufficient transmission and signal is achieved
        if length(x)>=par.nXPointsNeededAtMeasBPM ...           % Enough different points at BBA-BPM
                && tmpRangeX(i) > par.minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM ...  % Range at BBA-BPM        > par.minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM
                && tmpRangeY(i) > par.minBPMrangeOtherBPM       % Range at downstream BPM > pra.minBPMrangeOtherBPM

            if par.fitOrder==1
                % Linear regression
                sol = [ones(size(x)),x]\y;
                % Convert to polyfit convention (for plotting)
                sol = sol([2 1]);

                % Check if fitted slope is to small
                if abs(sol(1)) < par.minSlopeForFit
                    sol(1) = nan;
                end

                % Calculate fitted magnetic center
                tmpCenter(i) = -sol(2)/sol(1);
                tmpNorm(i)   = 1/sqrt(sum((sol(1)*x+sol(2)-y).^2));

            else
                % Polynom fit
                [sol,S] = polyfit(x,y,par.fitOrder);

                % Calculate fitted magnetic center
                if par.fitOrder==2
                    tmpCenter(i) = - (sol(2)/(2*sol(1)));
                else
                    % Assume smallest root is the one
                    tmpCenter(i) = min(abs(roots(sol)));
                end
                tmpNorm(i)   = 1/S.normr;


            end

            % 				% Plot individual fit (helps with debugging)
            % 				figure(42);clf;hold on
            % 				plot(1E6*x,1E3*y,'x')
            % 				plot(1E6*x,1E3*polyval(sol,x))
            % 				plot(1E6*tmpCenter(i),1E3*polyval(sol,tmpCenter(i)),'kO')
            % 				title(sprintf('Goodness of fit: %.1e',tmpNorm(i)))
            % 				xlabel('BBA BPM offset [um]');ylabel('Downstream BPM offset change [mm]')
            % 				legend({'Data','Fit','Root'});drawnow

        end


        % Just plotting
        if par.plotLines
            p(2)=plot3(repmat(jBPM+nBPM,size(x)),1E6*x,1E3*y,'ko');
            tmp=plot3(repmat(jBPM+nBPM,size(x)),1E6*x,1E3*polyval(sol,x),'k-');p(3)=tmp(1);
            p(4)=plot3(jBPM+nBPM,1E6*tmpCenter(nBPM),0,'Or','MarkerSize',10);
        end

    end
end


% Check if measurement requirements have been met
if (max(tmpRangeX) < par.minBPMrangeAtBBABBPM)
    % Max. range at BBA-BPM to small
    Error = 1;
elseif max(tmpRangeY) < par.minBPMrangeOtherBPM
    % Max. range at downstream BPM to small
    Error = 2;
elseif std(tmpCenter,'omitnan') > par.maxStdForFittedCenters
    % Fitted magnetic centers to far spread out
    Error = 3;
elseif isempty(find(~isnan(tmpCenter),1))
    % All downstream BPM measurements failed
    Error = 4;
else
    % Calculate mean magnetic center
    OffsetChange = sum(tmpCenter.*tmpNorm,'omitnan')/sum(tmpNorm,'omitnan');
    Error = 0;
end

% Check if dipole compensation is not used (for combined function quadrupoles)
if ~par.dipCompensation && nDim==1 && SC.RING{mOrd}.NomPolynomB(2)~=0
    % Read magnet properties
    if isfield(SC.RING{mOrd},'BendingAngle')
        B = SC.RING{mOrd}.BendingAngle;
    else
        B = 0;
    end
    if SC.RING{mOrd}.Length == 0
        L = 1;
    else
        L = SC.RING{mOrd}.Length;
    end
    K = SC.RING{mOrd}.NomPolynomB(2);
    KL = K*L;

    % Adjust for design quadrupole offset
    OffsetChange = OffsetChange + B/KL;
end


% Just plotting
if par.plotLines
    p(5)=plot3(0,1E6*OffsetChange,0,'kD','MarkerSize',30,'MarkerFaceColor','r');
    p(6)=plot3(0,1E6*(SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.Offset(nDim)+SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim)+OffsetChange),0,'kD','MarkerSize',30,'MarkerFaceColor','g');
    title(sprintf('BBA-BPM: %d // mOrd: %d // mFam: %s // nDim: %d // FinOffset = %.0f $\\mu m$',jBPM,mOrd,SC.RING{mOrd}.FamName,nDim,1E6*abs(SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.Offset(nDim) + SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,jBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim) + OffsetChange - SC.RING{mOrd}.MagnetOffset(nDim) - SC.RING{mOrd}.SupportOffset(nDim))));
    legend(p,{'Magnet center','Measured offset change','Line fit','Fitted BPM offset (individual)','Fitted BPM offset (mean)','Predicted magnet center'})
    xlabel('Index of BPM'); ylabel('BBA-BPM offset [$\mu$m]'); zlabel('Offset change [mm]');
    set(findall(figure(56),'-property','TickLabelInterpreter'),'TickLabelInterpreter','latex');set(findall(gcf,'-property','Interpreter'),'Interpreter','latex');set(findall(gcf,'-property','FontSize'),'FontSize',18);set(gcf,'color','w');drawnow;
end

end

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Scale injection trajectory variation
function [kickVec, BPMrange] = scaleInjectionToReachBPM(SC,BPMind,nDim,initialZ0,kickVec0,par)
% This function reduces the injected beam trajectory variation if the beam gets lost before
% reaching the BBA BPM.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `BPMind`:: Index of BBA BPM within SC.ORD.BPM
% `nDim`:: Hor/Ver plane
% `initialZ0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory
% `kickVec0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory change
% `par`:: Auxiliary structure
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `kickVec`:: Potentially scaled injected beam trajectory change
% `BPMrange`:: Final offset range at BBA BPM

% Initialize scaling factor and transmission falg
fullTrans     = 0; % Transmission flag
scalingFactor = 1; % Scaling factor for initial trajectory variation
BPMrange      = 0; % Offset range at considered BPM

% Loop as long as BPMs show nan readings and scaling factor is larger than numerical noise (zero)
while fullTrans == 0 && scalingFactor > 1E-6
    % Reset lunch condition
    SC.INJ.Z0 = initialZ0;
    tmpBPMpos = [];

    % Check beam dump position when varying initial trajectory % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %
    for nK=[1 size(kickVec0,2)]
        % Vary initial trajectory
        SC.INJ.Z0(2*nDim)   = initialZ0(2*nDim  ) + scalingFactor * kickVec0(2,nK); % kick angle
        SC.INJ.Z0(2*nDim-1) = initialZ0(2*nDim-1) + scalingFactor * kickVec0(1,nK); % offset

        % Calculate beam reading
        B = SCgetBPMreading(SC);

        % Save relevant BPM reading
        tmpBPMpos(end+1) = B(nDim,BPMind);
    end

    % Check if BBA-BPM has NaN-reading
    if any(isnan(tmpBPMpos))
        % Reduce scaling factor
        scalingFactor = scalingFactor - 0.1;
    else
        % Set transmission flag to 1
        fullTrans = 1;
        BPMrange  = abs(max(tmpBPMpos)-min(tmpBPMpos));
    end
end

if scalingFactor<1E-6
    scalingFactor = 1;
    warning('Something went wrong. No beam transmission at all(?)')
end

kickVec       = scalingFactor .* kickVec0;

if par.verbose;fprintf('Initial trajectory variation scaled to [%.0f|%.0f]%% of its initial value, BBA-BPM range %.0fum.\n',100*(kickVec([1 end])./kickVec0([1 end])),1E6*BPMrange);end
end

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Change BBA-BPM offset variation by a phase advance variation
function [SC,kickVec] = scanPhaseAdvance(SC,BPMind,nDim,initialZ0,kickVec0,par)
% This function changes the phase advance by changing the strength of a quadrupole
% in order to increase the offset variation at the BBA BPM (currently only in 2-turn mode).
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `BPMind`:: Index of BBA BPM within SC.ORD.BPM
% `nDim`:: Hor/Ver plane
% `initialZ0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory
% `kickVec0`:: Initial injected beam trajectory change
% `par`:: Auxiliary structure
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `SC`::  SC base structure with adjusted phase advance in lattice
% `kickVec`:: Potentially scaled injected beam trajectory change


% Define quadrupole ordinate, strength vector and initial setpoint
mOrd = par.quadOrdPhaseAdvance;
qVec = par.quadStrengthPhaseAdvance;
q0   = SC.RING{mOrd}.SetPointB(2);

% Initialize all BPM ranges
allBPMRange = zeros(length(qVec));

% Loop over quadrupole setpoints
for nQ=1:length(qVec)
    if par.verbose;fprintf('BBA-BPM range to small, try to change phase advance with quad ord %d to %.2f of nom. SP.\n',par.quadOrdPhaseAdvance,qVec(nQ));end

    % Set quadrupole to different setpoints
    SC = SCsetMags2SetPoints(SC,mOrd,2,2,qVec(nQ),'method','rel','dipCompensation',1);

    % Rescale initial trajectory variation
    [kickVec, BPMrange] = scaleInjectionToReachBPM(SC,BPMind,nDim,initialZ0,kickVec0,par);

    % Record BPM range
    allBPMRange(nQ) = BPMrange;

    if par.verbose;fprintf('Initial trajectory variation scaled to [%.0f|%.0f]%% of its initial value, BBA-BPM range %.0fum.\n',100*(kickVec([1 end])./kickVec0([1 end])),1E6*BPMrange);end

    % End loop if offset range at BBA-BPM is sufficient
    if ~( BPMrange < par.BBABPMtarget )
        break
    end
end

% Check if offset range at BBA-BPM is still to small
if BPMrange < par.BBABPMtarget
    % Check if any BPM range is better than the initial one
    if BPMrange<max(allBPMRange)
        [~,nBest] = max(allBPMRange);
        % Set quadrupole to best setpoints
        SC = SCsetMags2SetPoints(SC,mOrd,2,2,qVec(nBest),'method','rel','dipCompensation',1);
        if par.verbose;fprintf('Changing phase advance of quad with ord %d NOT succesfull, returning to best value with BBA-BPM range = %.0fum.\n',mOrd,1E6*max(allBPMRange));end
    else
        % Reset quadrupole to initial setpoints
        SC = SCsetMags2SetPoints(SC,mOrd,2,2,q0,'method','abs','dipCompensation',1);
        if par.verbose;fprintf('Changing phase advance of quad with ord %d NOT succesfull, returning to initial setpoint.\n',mOrd);end
    end
else
    if par.verbose;fprintf('Change phase advance of quad with ord %d successful. BBA-BPM range = %.0fum.\n',mOrd,1E6*BPMrange);end
end
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Get orbit bump
function [CMords,CMvec] = getOrbitBump(SC,mOrd,BPMord,nDim,par)
% This function is used to create a pseudo orbit bump by running orbit feedback on the actual
% machine with target
% of zero except at the BBA-BPM (here the target is 'par.BBABPMtarget'). The weights
% at the BPMs upstream and downstream the BBA BPM as defined by 'par.orbBumpWindow' are set to
% zero in order to give some slack.
% Note that this could also be done by creating a 'real' orbit bump using 3 CMs, however we
% found that this procedure is faster and more robust with CMs potentially close to their
% setpoint limits.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `mOrd`:: 	Ordinate of BBA magnet
% `BPMord`:: Ordinate of BBA BPM
% `nDim`:: Hor/Ver plane
% `par`:: Auxiliary structure
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `CMords`:: CM ordinates for creating orbit bump
% `CMvec`:: CM setpoint matrix for orbit bumps in BBA measurement


% Exclude dip. compensation CM (needed if considered quadrupole has reverse bending)
tmpCMind = find(par.RMstruct.CMords{1}==mOrd);
if ~isempty(tmpCMind)
    par.RMstruct.RM(:,tmpCMind)      = [];
    par.RMstruct.CMords{1}(tmpCMind) = [];
end

% Get actual index-ordinate pairing of BBA-BPM and orbit feedback BPMs
tmpBPMind = find(BPMord==par.RMstruct.BPMords);

% Define reference orbit
if par.useBPMreadingsForOrbBumpRef
    % Use actual BPM readings and add BBA-BPM target offset
    R0 = SCgetBPMreading(SC);
    R0(nDim,tmpBPMind) = R0(nDim,tmpBPMind) + par.BBABPMtarget;
else
    % Zero everywhere except at BBA-BPM
    R0 = zeros(2,length(par.RMstruct.BPMords));
    R0(nDim,tmpBPMind) = par.BBABPMtarget;
end

% Define BPM weighting factors (empirically found to work sufficiently well)
W0 = ones(2,length(par.RMstruct.BPMords));
W0(nDim,max(1,tmpBPMind-par.orbBumpWindow):(tmpBPMind-1)) = 0;
W0(nDim,(tmpBPMind+1):min(length(par.RMstruct.BPMords),tmpBPMind+par.orbBumpWindow)) = 0;

if par.SingleCorrOrbit
    % just choose the corrector with the largest effect
    fprintf('\n');
    [maxRM_all,indmax_all]=max(abs(par.RMstruct.RM),[],2);
    indmax{1}=indmax_all(1:length(par.RMstruct.BPMords));
    indmax{2}=indmax_all((1+length(par.RMstruct.BPMords)):(2*length(par.RMstruct.BPMords)))-length(par.RMstruct.CMords{1});
    maxRM{1}=maxRM_all(1:length(par.RMstruct.BPMords));
    maxRM{2}=maxRM_all((1+length(par.RMstruct.BPMords)):(2*length(par.RMstruct.BPMords)));



    % Read initial and current CM setpoints
    for nDim=1:2
        for nCM=1:length(par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim})
            CMvec0{nDim}(nCM) = SCgetCMSetPoints(SC,par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim}(nCM),nDim);
            deltaCM{nDim}(nCM)=0;
        end
        deltaCM{nDim}(indmax{nDim}(tmpBPMind)) = par.BBABPMtarget/maxRM{nDim}(tmpBPMind);
    end
else
    % Run feedback
    [CUR,~] = SCfeedbackRun(SC,par.RMstruct.MinvCO,...
        'weight',[W0(1,:)'; W0(2,:)'],...
        'R0',[R0(1,:)'; R0(2,:)'],...
        'target',0,...
        'maxsteps',50,...
        'scaleDisp',par.RMstruct.scaleDisp,...
        'verbose',par.verbose,...
        'BPMords',par.RMstruct.BPMords,...
        'CMords',par.RMstruct.CMords,...
        'eps',1E-6);


    % Read initial and current CM setpoints
    for nDim=1:2
        for nCM=1:length(par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim})
            CMvec0{nDim}(nCM) = SCgetCMSetPoints(SC,par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim}(nCM),nDim);
            deltaCM{nDim}(nCM) = SCgetCMSetPoints(SC,par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim}(nCM),nDim) - SCgetCMSetPoints(CUR,par.RMstruct.CMords{nDim}(nCM),nDim);
        end
    end
end

% Create matrix of CM setpoints used in BBA measurement
factor = linspace(-1,1,par.nSteps);
for nDim=1:2
    for nStep=1:par.nSteps
        CMvec{nDim}(nStep,:) = CMvec0{nDim} + factor(nStep) * deltaCM{nDim};
    end
end
% Write CM ordinates for function output
CMords = par.RMstruct.CMords;
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Plot BBA step
function plotBBAstep(SC,BPMind,jBPM,nDim,nQ,mOrd,nKick,par)
% This function plots the particle trajectories/orbit at each measurement step.
% Note: it is recommended to adjust properties such as plot limits to the users discretion.

global plotFunctionFlag
% Get s-positions
sPos = findspos(SC.RING,1:length(SC.RING))';
% Axes limits
% 	xLim = [0 12.5];yLim = .3*[-1 1];
xLim = sPos(mOrd)+[-10 10];yLim = 1.3*[-1 1];

% Clear figure at beginning of measurement
if nQ==1 && nKick==1;figure(99);clf;end
% Get trajectories
plotFunctionFlag=1;[B,T]=SCgetBPMreading(SC);plotFunctionFlag=[];
% Select only first particle
T=SCparticlesIn3D(T,SC.INJ.nParticles);T=T(:,:,1);
% Select axes
figure(99);subplot(length(par.magSPvec{nDim,jBPM}),1,nQ);hold on;
% Plot downstream BPM readings
plot(sPos(SC.ORD.BPM),1E3*B(nDim,1:length(SC.ORD.BPM)),'o');
% PLot BBA-BPM readings
plot(sPos(SC.ORD.BPM(BPMind)),1E3*B(nDim,BPMind),'ko','MarkerSize',10,'MarkerFaceColor','k');
% Plot trajectories
plot(sPos,1E3*T(2*nDim-1,1:length(SC.RING)),'-');
% Plot BBA magnet
rectangle('Position',[sPos(mOrd),-1,sPos(mOrd+1)-sPos(mOrd),1 ],'FaceColor',[0 0.4470 0.7410]);
xlim(xLim);ylim(yLim)
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Plot BBA results
function plotBBAResults(SC,initOffsetErrors,errorFlags,jBPM,BPMords,magOrds)
% Plots the initial and final BPM offsets with respect to the magnet centers



% Define figure of merit
fom0  = initOffsetErrors;
fom = 	getBPMoffsetFromMag(SC,BPMords,magOrds);

% Remove BPMs which have not yet been measured
fom(:,jBPM+1:end) = nan;

if size(BPMords,2)==1
    nSteps = 1;
else
    nSteps = 1.1 * max(abs(([fom0(:); fom(:)]))) *...
                linspace(-1,1,floor(size(BPMords,2)));
end

figure(90),clf;tmpCol=get(gca,'colororder');
subplot(3,1,1);hold on

% Plot histogram of new BPM offsets
for nDim=1:size(BPMords,1)
    [bin_values, edges] = histcounts (fom(nDim,:),nSteps);
    hpositions = edges(1:end-1) + diff(edges) / 2;
    plot(1E6*hpositions,bin_values,'LineWidth',2);
end
% Plot histogram of initial BPM offsets
[bin_values, edges] = histcounts(fom0(:),nSteps);
hpositions = edges(1:end-1) + diff(edges) / 2;
plot(1E6*hpositions,bin_values,'k-','LineWidth',2)

if size(BPMords,1)>1
    legend({...
        sprintf( ...
        'Horizontal rms: $%.0f\\mu m$',1E6*sqrt(mean(fom(1,:).^2, 'omitnan'))), ...
        sprintf( ...
        'Vertical rms: $%.0f\\mu m$',1E6*sqrt(mean(fom(2,:).^2,'omitnan'))), ...
        sprintf( ...
        'Initial rms: $%.0f\\mu m$',1E6*sqrt(mean(fom0(:).^2,'omitnan')))},...
        'Interpreter', ...
        'latex' ...
        )
end
xlabel('Final BPM offset w.r.t. magnet [$\mu$m]'),ylabel('Number of counts');set(gca,'box','on')


subplot(3,1,2);hold on;p=zeros(1,4);

% Plot new BPM offset w.r.t. magnet centers
for nDim=1:size(BPMords,1)
    x = find(ismember(SC.ORD.BPM,BPMords(nDim,:)));
    if any(~isnan(fom(nDim,errorFlags(nDim,:)==0)))
        p(nDim)=plot(x(errorFlags(nDim,:)==0),1E6*abs(fom(nDim,errorFlags(nDim,:)==0)),'O','LineWidth',2,'Color',tmpCol(nDim,:));
    end
    if any(~isnan(fom(nDim,errorFlags(nDim,:)~=0)))
        p(2+nDim)=plot(x(errorFlags(nDim,:)~=0),1E6*abs(fom(nDim,errorFlags(nDim,:)~=0)),'X','LineWidth',2,'Color',tmpCol(nDim,:));
    end
end
ylabel('Final offset [$\mu$m]'),xlabel('Index of BPM');set(gca,'XLim',[1 length(SC.ORD.BPM)],'box','on')
legStr = {'Horizontal','Vertical','Horizontal failed','Vertical failed'};
legend(p(p~=0),legStr{p~=0});


subplot(3,1,3);hold on;p=zeros(1,4);

% Plot offset change
x = find(ismember(SC.ORD.BPM,BPMords(nDim,:)));
for nDim=1:size(BPMords,1)
    plot(x,1E6*(fom0(nDim,:)-fom(nDim,:)),'d','LineWidth',2)
end
ylabel('Offsets change [$\mu$m]'),xlabel('Index of BPM');set(gca,'XLim',[1 length(SC.ORD.BPM)],'box','on')
legend({'Horizontal','Vertical'});

set(gcf,'color','w');set(findall(gcf,'-property','TickLabelInterpreter'),'TickLabelInterpreter','latex');set(findall(gcf,'-property','Interpreter'),'Interpreter','latex');set(findall(gcf,'-property','FontSize'),'FontSize',18);
drawnow
end


% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Get BPM offset with respect to specified magnet centers
function offset = getBPMoffsetFromMag(SC,BPMords,magOrds)
% Get BPM offsets with respect to magnet centers
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `BPMords`:: BPM ordinates used in BBA
% `magOrds`:: Magnet ordinates used in BBA
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `offset`:: BPM offsets with respect to magnet centers

% Allocate output
offset = nan(size(BPMords));

% Loop over BPMs in both planes
for nDim=1:size(BPMords,1)
    for nBPM=1:size(BPMords,2)
        offset(nDim,nBPM) = SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,nBPM)}.Offset(nDim) + SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,nBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim) - SC.RING{magOrds(nDim,nBPM)}.MagnetOffset(nDim) - SC.RING{magOrds(nDim,nBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim);
    end
end

end





% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Fake measurement to remove outliers
function SC = fakeMeasurement(SC,BPMords,magOrds,errorFlags)
% This function intends to mimic the operater's ability to identify errors in the measurement procedure,
% adjust the fine tuning parameters for individual BPMs and repeat the measurement.
% Here, the rms value of the difference between the BPM offsets and the magnet centers is calculated
% for both planes for the succesfull BPMs.
% All BPM offsets at which the BBA procedure failed are removed and artificially
% re-generated using a Gaussian distribution with two sigma cutoff with an rms value as described abive.
%
% INPUTS
% ------
% `SC`:: SC base structure
% `BPMords`:: BPM ordinates used in BBA
% `magOrds`:: Magnet ordinates used in BBA
% `errorFlags`:: Error flags for the BBA measruement
%
% RETURN VALUES
% -------------
% `SC`:: SC base structure with removed outliers


% Get BPM offset errors w.r.t. magnet centers
finOffsetErrors = getBPMoffsetFromMag(SC,BPMords,magOrds);

% Remove failed BPMs
finOffsetErrors(errorFlags~=0) = nan;

% PRINT INFORMATION
fprintf('Final offset error is %.1f|%.1f um (hor|ver) with %d|%d measurement failures -> being re-calculated now.\n' ,1E6*sqrt(mean(finOffsetErrors.^2,2,'omitnan')),sum(errorFlags~=0,2))

% Loop over BPMs in both planes
for nBPM=1:size(BPMords,2)
    for nDim=1:2
        % Check if measurement failed
        if errorFlags(nDim,nBPM)~=0
            % Calculate fake measurement result
            fakeBPMoffset = SC.RING{magOrds(nDim,nBPM)}.MagnetOffset(nDim) + SC.RING{magOrds(nDim,nBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim) - SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,nBPM)}.SupportOffset(nDim) + sqrt(mean(finOffsetErrors(nDim,:).^2,'omitnan')) * SCrandnc(2);
            % Ensure no NaN
            if ~isnan(fakeBPMoffset)
                % Write new BPM offset
                SC.RING{BPMords(nDim,nBPM)}.Offset(nDim) = fakeBPMoffset;
            else
                fprintf('BPM offset not reasigned, NaN.\n')
            end
        end
    end
end
end