Likewise strip.placement.x and strip.placement.y
library(patchwork)
library(tidyverse)
set_theme(theme_classic() + theme(strip.placement = "outside"))
p1 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_point(aes(mpg, disp))
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_boxplot(aes(gear, disp, group = gear))
p3 <- ggplot(mtcars) + geom_bar(aes(gear)) + facet_wrap(~cyl)
p1 / (p3 | p2)

Created on 2025-08-26 with reprex v2.1.1