|
| 1 | +--- |
| 2 | +layout: post |
| 3 | +title: Line Spacing and Paragraph Spacing |
| 4 | +author: typora.io |
| 5 | +category: how-to |
| 6 | +tags: |
| 7 | +- style |
| 8 | +- CSS |
| 9 | +typora-root-url: ../../ |
| 10 | +--- |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +Typora uses CSS to control spacing. You can customize **line spacing** (the space between lines within a paragraph) and **paragraph spacing** (the gap between paragraphs) by adding [Custom CSS](/Add-Custom-CSS/). |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +**Outline** |
| 15 | + |
| 16 | +* Outline |
| 17 | +{:toc} |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +## Quick Start |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +If you just want tighter spacing to see more content on screen, add the following to your `base.user.css` file (see [how to open it](/Add-Custom-CSS/)): |
| 22 | + |
| 23 | +```css |
| 24 | +#write { |
| 25 | + line-height: 1.2; |
| 26 | +} |
| 27 | + |
| 28 | +#write p, |
| 29 | +#write li { |
| 30 | + margin-top: 0.25rem; |
| 31 | + margin-bottom: 0.25rem; |
| 32 | +} |
| 33 | +``` |
| 34 | + |
| 35 | +This gives you compact single-like spacing with minimal gaps between paragraphs. Adjust the values to your preference. |
| 36 | + |
| 37 | +## Line Spacing |
| 38 | + |
| 39 | +Line spacing is controlled by the CSS `line-height` property. Different themes set different defaults — for example, the GitHub theme uses `1.6`, while others may use `1.4` or `1.5`. |
| 40 | + |
| 41 | +To change line spacing for the entire writing area: |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +```css |
| 44 | +#write { |
| 45 | + line-height: 1.6; /* default for GitHub theme */ |
| 46 | +} |
| 47 | +``` |
| 48 | + |
| 49 | +Common values: |
| 50 | + |
| 51 | +| Value | Effect | |
| 52 | +|-------|--------| |
| 53 | +| `1.0` | No extra space between lines (very tight) | |
| 54 | +| `1.2` | Tight, compact spacing | |
| 55 | +| `1.4` – `1.6` | Comfortable reading (most theme defaults) | |
| 56 | +| `1.8` – `2.0` | Double-spaced, similar to Word's "double" | |
| 57 | + |
| 58 | +You can also use other CSS units: |
| 59 | + |
| 60 | +```css |
| 61 | +#write { |
| 62 | + line-height: 24px; /* fixed pixel value */ |
| 63 | + line-height: 1.5rem; /* relative to root font size */ |
| 64 | + line-height: 1.5em; /* relative to element font size */ |
| 65 | + line-height: 1.5; /* unitless — recommended, scales with font size */ |
| 66 | +} |
| 67 | +``` |
| 68 | + |
| 69 | +> **Tip:** Unitless values (like `1.5`) are generally recommended over fixed units, because they scale proportionally when you change font size. |
| 70 | +
|
| 71 | +### Line Spacing for Specific Elements |
| 72 | + |
| 73 | +You can set different line spacing for headings, paragraphs, or other elements: |
| 74 | + |
| 75 | +```css |
| 76 | +/* tighter headings */ |
| 77 | +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { |
| 78 | + line-height: 1.2; |
| 79 | +} |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | +/* more space in paragraphs */ |
| 82 | +#write p { |
| 83 | + line-height: 1.8; |
| 84 | +} |
| 85 | + |
| 86 | +/* compact lists */ |
| 87 | +#write li { |
| 88 | + line-height: 1.3; |
| 89 | +} |
| 90 | + |
| 91 | +/* code blocks */ |
| 92 | +.md-fences { |
| 93 | + line-height: 1.4; |
| 94 | +} |
| 95 | +``` |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | +## Paragraph Spacing |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +Paragraph spacing is controlled by CSS `margin` properties. By default, Typora adds `1rem` of margin above and below each paragraph. |
| 100 | + |
| 101 | +To reduce the gap between paragraphs: |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +```css |
| 104 | +#write p { |
| 105 | + margin-top: 0.25rem; |
| 106 | + margin-bottom: 0.25rem; |
| 107 | +} |
| 108 | +``` |
| 109 | + |
| 110 | +To remove paragraph gaps entirely: |
| 111 | + |
| 112 | +```css |
| 113 | +#write p { |
| 114 | + margin-top: 0; |
| 115 | + margin-bottom: 0; |
| 116 | +} |
| 117 | +``` |
| 118 | + |
| 119 | +To increase paragraph spacing: |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +```css |
| 122 | +#write p { |
| 123 | + margin-top: 1.5rem; |
| 124 | + margin-bottom: 1.5rem; |
| 125 | +} |
| 126 | +``` |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | +### Spacing for Other Block Elements |
| 129 | + |
| 130 | +Paragraphs are not the only elements with spacing. You can adjust headings, lists, blockquotes, and code blocks too: |
| 131 | + |
| 132 | +```css |
| 133 | +/* heading spacing */ |
| 134 | +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { |
| 135 | + margin-top: 1.5rem; |
| 136 | + margin-bottom: 0.5rem; |
| 137 | +} |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | +/* list item spacing */ |
| 140 | +#write li { |
| 141 | + margin-top: 0.15rem; |
| 142 | + margin-bottom: 0.15rem; |
| 143 | +} |
| 144 | + |
| 145 | +/* blockquote spacing */ |
| 146 | +blockquote { |
| 147 | + margin-top: 0.5rem; |
| 148 | + margin-bottom: 0.5rem; |
| 149 | +} |
| 150 | + |
| 151 | +/* code block spacing */ |
| 152 | +.md-fences { |
| 153 | + margin-top: 0.5rem; |
| 154 | + margin-bottom: 0.5rem; |
| 155 | +} |
| 156 | +``` |
| 157 | + |
| 158 | +## Full Example: Compact Layout |
| 159 | + |
| 160 | +Here is a complete example for a compact, single-spaced layout that maximizes visible content: |
| 161 | + |
| 162 | +```css |
| 163 | +/* compact line spacing */ |
| 164 | +#write { |
| 165 | + line-height: 1.3; |
| 166 | +} |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +/* minimal paragraph gaps */ |
| 169 | +#write p, |
| 170 | +#write li { |
| 171 | + margin-top: 0.2rem; |
| 172 | + margin-bottom: 0.2rem; |
| 173 | +} |
| 174 | + |
| 175 | +/* tighter headings */ |
| 176 | +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { |
| 177 | + line-height: 1.2; |
| 178 | + margin-top: 1rem; |
| 179 | + margin-bottom: 0.3rem; |
| 180 | +} |
| 181 | + |
| 182 | +/* compact blockquotes and code blocks */ |
| 183 | +blockquote, |
| 184 | +.md-fences { |
| 185 | + margin-top: 0.4rem; |
| 186 | + margin-bottom: 0.4rem; |
| 187 | +} |
| 188 | +``` |
| 189 | + |
| 190 | +## Full Example: Relaxed Layout |
| 191 | + |
| 192 | +For a more spacious, double-spaced feel: |
| 193 | + |
| 194 | +```css |
| 195 | +#write { |
| 196 | + line-height: 2.0; |
| 197 | +} |
| 198 | + |
| 199 | +#write p { |
| 200 | + margin-top: 1rem; |
| 201 | + margin-bottom: 1rem; |
| 202 | +} |
| 203 | + |
| 204 | +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { |
| 205 | + margin-top: 2rem; |
| 206 | + margin-bottom: 1rem; |
| 207 | +} |
| 208 | +``` |
| 209 | + |
| 210 | +## Related |
| 211 | + |
| 212 | +- [Add Custom CSS](/Add-Custom-CSS/) — where to place your CSS |
| 213 | +- [Custom Font](/Custom-Font/) — change font family and size |
| 214 | +- [Width of Writing Area](/Width-of-Writing-Area/) — adjust page width |
| 215 | +- [Typesetting with CSS](/Typeset/) — more typesetting options |
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