fix postgres, utils: changed narrowing overflow exception type

Add a new template parameter `Exception` to `utils::numeric_cast` to allow explicit specification of a thrown exception type.

Adds a new exception type `NarrowingOverflow` to indicate overflows during narrowing numeric conversions.

Changes the exception type thrown on narrowing overflow in `IntegralBinaryParser` from `std::runtime_error` to `NarrowingOverflow` to provide additional exception information and  simplify exception handling.
commit_hash:24e08d7610b16da62c432ecc09e40d0ad5d2773c

Author: lexeyo

postgresql/include/userver/storages/postgres/exceptions.hpp

@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ std::string OidPrettyPrint(Oid oid);
  *       - InvalidInputBufferSize
  *       - InvalidParserCategory
  *       - InvalidTupleSizeRequested
+ *       - NarrowingOverflow
  *       - NonSingleColumnResultSet
  *       - NonSingleRowResultSet
  *       - NoBinaryParser
@@ -738,6 +739,13 @@ class FieldTupleMismatch : public ResultSetError {
     FieldTupleMismatch(std::size_t field_count, std::size_t tuple_size);
 };
 
+/// @brief A binary buffer contains a numeric value that does not fit
+/// into a given C++ value type.
+class NarrowingOverflow : public ResultSetError {
+public:
+    using ResultSetError::ResultSetError;
+};
+
 //@}
 
 //@{

postgresql/include/userver/storages/postgres/io/integral_types.hpp

@@ -50,6 +50,11 @@ struct IntegralBySizeParser {
     }
 };
 
+template <typename To, typename From>
+To NumericCast(From value) {
+    return USERVER_NAMESPACE::utils::numeric_cast<To, NarrowingOverflow>(value);
+}
+
 template <typename T>
 struct IntegralBinaryParser : BufferParserBase<T> {
     using BaseType = BufferParserBase<T>;
@@ -59,16 +64,13 @@ struct IntegralBinaryParser : BufferParserBase<T> {
     void operator()(const FieldBuffer& buf) {
         switch (buf.length) {
             case 2:
-                this->value = USERVER_NAMESPACE::utils::numeric_cast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<2>::ParseBuffer(buf
-                ));
+                this->value = NumericCast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<2>::ParseBuffer(buf));
                 break;
             case 4:
-                this->value = USERVER_NAMESPACE::utils::numeric_cast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<4>::ParseBuffer(buf
-                ));
+                this->value = NumericCast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<4>::ParseBuffer(buf));
                 break;
             case 8:
-                this->value = USERVER_NAMESPACE::utils::numeric_cast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<8>::ParseBuffer(buf
-                ));
+                this->value = NumericCast<ValueType>(IntegralBySizeParser<8>::ParseBuffer(buf));
                 break;
             default:
                 throw InvalidInputBufferSize{fmt::format(

postgresql/src/storages/postgres/tests/integral_test.cpp

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <limits>
-#include <stdexcept>
 
 #include <storages/postgres/detail/connection.hpp>
 #include <storages/postgres/tests/test_buffers.hpp>
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ TYPED_TEST(PostgreIOIntegralNarrowing, Fail) {
         UEXPECT_NO_THROW(io::WriteBuffer(types, buffer, src));
         auto fb = pg::test::MakeFieldBuffer(buffer, io::BufferCategory::kPlainBuffer);
         ValueType tgt{0};
-        UEXPECT_THROW(io::ReadBuffer(fb, tgt), std::runtime_error);
+        UEXPECT_THROW(io::ReadBuffer(fb, tgt), storages::postgres::NarrowingOverflow);
     }
 }
 

universal/include/userver/utils/numeric_cast.hpp

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ using PrintableValue = std::conditional_t<(sizeof(T) > 1), T, int>;
 /// ## Example usage:
 ///
 /// @snippet utils/numeric_cast_test.cpp  Sample utils::numeric_cast usage
-template <typename To, typename From>
+template <typename To, typename Exception = std::runtime_error, typename From>
 constexpr To numeric_cast(From input) {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
     static_assert(std::is_integral_v<From>);
     static_assert(std::is_integral_v<To>);
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ constexpr To numeric_cast(From input) {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming
     }
 
     if (!overflow_type.empty()) {
-        throw std::runtime_error(fmt::format(
+        throw Exception(fmt::format(
             "Failed to convert {} {} into {} due to {} integer overflow",
             compiler::GetTypeName<From>(),
             static_cast<impl::PrintableValue<From>>(input),