diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/plugins/cjs.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/plugins/cjs.ts
index e955fb4b..73315615 100644
--- a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/plugins/cjs.ts
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/plugins/cjs.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export function cjsModuleRunnerPlugin(): Plugin[] {
           }
 
           const ast = await parseAstAsync(code)
-          const result = transformCjsToEsm(code, ast)
+          const result = transformCjsToEsm(code, ast, { id })
           const output = result.output
           return {
             code: output.toString(),
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.test.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.test.ts
index dc5a9406..d14d29fd 100644
--- a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.test.ts
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.test.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import path from 'node:path'
 describe(transformCjsToEsm, () => {
   async function testTransform(input: string) {
     const ast = await parseAstAsync(input)
-    const { output } = transformCjsToEsm(input, ast)
+    const { output } = transformCjsToEsm(input, ast, { id: '/test.js' })
     if (!output.hasChanged()) {
       return
     }
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ describe(transformCjsToEsm, () => {
 exports.ok = true;
 `
     expect(await testTransform(input)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
+      "let __filename = "/test.js"; let __dirname = "/";
+      let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
       exports.ok = true;
 
       ;__vite_ssr_exportAll__(module.exports);
@@ -41,7 +42,8 @@ if (true) {
 }
 `
     expect(await testTransform(input)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
+      "let __filename = "/test.js"; let __dirname = "/";
+      let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
       function __cjs_interop__(m) { return m.__cjs_module_runner_transform ? m.default : m; }
       if (true) {
         module.exports = (__cjs_interop__(await import('./cjs/use-sync-external-store.production.js')));
@@ -65,7 +67,8 @@ if (true) {
 })()
 `
     expect(await testTransform(input)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
+      "let __filename = "/test.js"; let __dirname = "/";
+      let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
       function __cjs_interop__(m) { return m.__cjs_module_runner_transform ? m.default : m; }
       const __cjs_to_esm_hoist_0 = __cjs_interop__(await import("react"));
       const __cjs_to_esm_hoist_1 = __cjs_interop__(await import("react-dom"));
@@ -95,7 +98,8 @@ function test() {
 }
 `
     expect(await testTransform(input)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
+      "let __filename = "/test.js"; let __dirname = "/";
+      let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
       function __cjs_interop__(m) { return m.__cjs_module_runner_transform ? m.default : m; }
       const __cjs_to_esm_hoist_0 = __cjs_interop__(await import("te" + "st"));
       const __cjs_to_esm_hoist_1 = __cjs_interop__(await import("test"));
@@ -125,7 +129,8 @@ function test() {
 }
 `
     expect(await testTransform(input)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
-      "let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
+      "let __filename = "/test.js"; let __dirname = "/";
+      let exports = {}; const module = { exports };
       {
         const require = () => {};
         require("test");
@@ -149,7 +154,7 @@ function test() {
           async transform(code, id) {
             if (id.endsWith('.cjs')) {
               const ast = await parseAstAsync(code)
-              const { output } = transformCjsToEsm(code, ast)
+              const { output } = transformCjsToEsm(code, ast, { id })
               return {
                 code: output.toString(),
                 map: output.generateMap({ hires: 'boundary' }),
@@ -165,6 +170,12 @@ function test() {
     const mod = await runner.import('/entry.mjs')
     expect(mod).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
       {
+        "cjsGlobals": {
+          "test": [
+            "string",
+            "string",
+          ],
+        },
         "depDefault": {
           "a": "a",
           "b": "b",
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.ts
index ba14faec..c5781fec 100644
--- a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.ts
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/cjs.ts
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import type { Program, Node } from 'estree'
 import MagicString from 'magic-string'
 import { analyze } from 'periscopic'
 import { walk } from 'estree-walker'
+import { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
+import path from 'node:path'
 
 // TODO:
 // replacing require("xxx") into import("xxx") affects Vite's resolution.
@@ -14,6 +16,7 @@ const CJS_INTEROP_HELPER = `function __cjs_interop__(m) { return m.__cjs_module_
 export function transformCjsToEsm(
   code: string,
   ast: Program,
+  options: { id: string },
 ): { output: MagicString } {
   const output = new MagicString(code)
   const analyzed = analyze(ast)
@@ -85,6 +88,14 @@ export function transformCjsToEsm(
   // https://nodejs.org/docs/v22.19.0/api/modules.html#exports-shortcut
   output.prepend(`let exports = {}; const module = { exports };\n`)
 
+  // https://nodejs.org/docs/v22.19.0/api/modules.html#the-module-scope
+  // https://github.com/vitest-dev/vitest/blob/965cefc19722a6c899cd1d3decb3cc33e72af696/packages/vite-node/src/client.ts#L548-L554
+  const __filename = fileURLToPath(pathToFileURL(options.id).href)
+  const __dirname = path.dirname(__filename)
+  output.prepend(
+    `let __filename = ${JSON.stringify(__filename)}; let __dirname = ${JSON.stringify(__dirname)};\n`,
+  )
+
   // TODO: can we use cjs-module-lexer to properly define named exports?
   // for re-exports, we need to eagerly transform dependencies though.
   // https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/f3adc11e37b8bfaaa026ea85c1cf22e3a0e29ae9/lib/internal/modules/esm/translators.js#L382-L409
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/entry.mjs b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/entry.mjs
index 191d29e4..63c854c5 100644
--- a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/entry.mjs
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/entry.mjs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import depPrimitive from './primitive.cjs'
 import depExports from './exports.cjs'
 import depFnRequire from './function-require.cjs'
 import dualLib from './dual-lib.cjs'
+import cjsGlobals from './globals.cjs'
 export {
   depDefault,
   depNamespace,
@@ -13,4 +14,5 @@ export {
   depExports,
   depFnRequire,
   dualLib,
+  cjsGlobals,
 }
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/globals.cjs b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/globals.cjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9a1c50f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/src/transforms/fixtures/cjs/globals.cjs
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+exports.test = [typeof __filename, typeof __dirname]