diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/README.md b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..83e723d1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[examples/no-ssr](https://github.com/vitejs/vite-plugin-react/tree/main/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/no-ssr) with `rsc` environment running on browser via module runner
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/index.html b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec960c1a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+
+
+
+ RSC Browser Mode 2
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/package.json b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/package.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9d9e3fa38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/package.json
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+ "name": "@vitejs/plugin-rsc-examples-browser-mode2",
+ "version": "0.0.0",
+ "private": true,
+ "license": "MIT",
+ "type": "module",
+ "scripts": {
+ "dev": "vite",
+ "build": "vite build",
+ "preview": "vite preview"
+ },
+ "dependencies": {
+ "react": "^19.2.0",
+ "react-dom": "^19.2.0"
+ },
+ "devDependencies": {
+ "@types/react": "^19.2.2",
+ "@types/react-dom": "^19.2.2",
+ "@vitejs/plugin-react": "latest",
+ "@vitejs/plugin-rsc": "latest",
+ "vite": "^7.1.10"
+ }
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/public/vite.svg b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/public/vite.svg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7b8dfb1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/public/vite.svg
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/action.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/action.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4fc55d65b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/action.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+'use server'
+
+let serverCounter = 0
+
+export async function getServerCounter() {
+ return serverCounter
+}
+
+export async function updateServerCounter(change: number) {
+ serverCounter += change
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/assets/react.svg b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/assets/react.svg
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6c87de9bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/assets/react.svg
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/client.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/client.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..29bb5d367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/client.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+'use client'
+
+import React from 'react'
+
+export function ClientCounter() {
+ const [count, setCount] = React.useState(0)
+
+ return (
+
+ )
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.browser.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.browser.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e5075bcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.browser.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import * as React from 'react'
+import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client'
+import {
+ createFromFetch,
+ setServerCallback,
+ createTemporaryReferenceSet,
+ encodeReply,
+} from '@vitejs/plugin-rsc/browser'
+import type { RscPayload } from './entry.rsc'
+
+let fetchServer: typeof import('./entry.rsc').fetchServer
+
+export function initialize(options: { fetchServer: typeof fetchServer }) {
+ fetchServer = options.fetchServer
+}
+
+export async function main() {
+ let setPayload: (v: RscPayload) => void
+
+ // Set server callback BEFORE processing the initial payload
+ setServerCallback(async (id, args) => {
+ const url = new URL(window.location.href)
+ const temporaryReferences = createTemporaryReferenceSet()
+ const payload = await createFromFetch(
+ fetchServer(
+ new Request(url, {
+ method: 'POST',
+ body: await encodeReply(args, { temporaryReferences }),
+ headers: {
+ 'x-rsc-action': id,
+ },
+ }),
+ ),
+ { temporaryReferences },
+ )
+ setPayload(payload)
+ return payload.returnValue
+ })
+
+ const initialPayload = await createFromFetch(
+ fetchServer(new Request(window.location.href)),
+ )
+
+ function BrowserRoot() {
+ const [payload, setPayload_] = React.useState(initialPayload)
+
+ React.useEffect(() => {
+ setPayload = (v) => React.startTransition(() => setPayload_(v))
+ }, [setPayload_])
+
+ return payload.root
+ }
+
+ const browserRoot = (
+
+
+
+ )
+ createRoot(document.body).render(browserRoot)
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.rsc.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.rsc.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1820c6e66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/entry.rsc.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import {
+ renderToReadableStream,
+ createTemporaryReferenceSet,
+ decodeReply,
+ loadServerAction,
+ decodeAction,
+ decodeFormState,
+ setRequireModule,
+} from '@vitejs/plugin-rsc/react/rsc'
+import type { ReactFormState } from 'react-dom/client'
+import { Root } from '../root.tsx'
+
+export type RscPayload = {
+ root: React.ReactNode
+ returnValue?: unknown
+ formState?: ReactFormState
+}
+
+export function initialize() {
+ setRequireModule({
+ load: async (id) => {
+ return import(/* @vite-ignore */ id)
+ },
+ })
+}
+
+export async function fetchServer(request: Request): Promise {
+ const isAction = request.method === 'POST'
+ let returnValue: unknown | undefined
+ let formState: ReactFormState | undefined
+ let temporaryReferences: unknown | undefined
+ if (isAction) {
+ const actionId = request.headers.get('x-rsc-action')
+ if (actionId) {
+ const contentType = request.headers.get('content-type')
+ const body = contentType?.startsWith('multipart/form-data')
+ ? await request.formData()
+ : await request.text()
+ temporaryReferences = createTemporaryReferenceSet()
+ const args = await decodeReply(body, { temporaryReferences })
+ const action = await loadServerAction(actionId)
+ returnValue = await action.apply(null, args)
+ } else {
+ const formData = await request.formData()
+ const decodedAction = await decodeAction(formData)
+ const result = await decodedAction()
+ formState = await decodeFormState(result, formData)
+ }
+ }
+
+ const rscPayload: RscPayload = { root: , formState, returnValue }
+ const rscOptions = { temporaryReferences }
+ const rscStream = renderToReadableStream(rscPayload, rscOptions)
+
+ return new Response(rscStream, {
+ headers: {
+ 'content-type': 'text/x-component;charset=utf-8',
+ vary: 'accept',
+ },
+ })
+}
+
+// Default export for no-ssr mode compatibility
+export default fetchServer
+
+if (import.meta.hot) {
+ import.meta.hot.accept()
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/load-client-dev.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/load-client-dev.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8ca40ae43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/load-client-dev.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { ESModulesEvaluator, ModuleRunner } from 'vite/module-runner'
+
+export default async function loadClient() {
+ const runner = new ModuleRunner(
+ {
+ sourcemapInterceptor: false,
+ transport: {
+ invoke: async (payload) => {
+ const response = await fetch(
+ '/@vite/invoke-react-client?' +
+ new URLSearchParams({
+ data: JSON.stringify(payload),
+ }),
+ )
+ return response.json()
+ },
+ },
+ hmr: false,
+ },
+ new ESModulesEvaluator(),
+ )
+ return await runner.import(
+ '/src/framework/entry.browser.tsx',
+ )
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/main.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/main.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..050ed1d08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/main.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import * as server from './entry.rsc'
+import loadClient from 'virtual:vite-rsc-browser-mode2/load-client'
+
+async function main() {
+ const client = await loadClient()
+ server.initialize()
+ client.initialize({ fetchServer: server.fetchServer })
+ await client.main()
+}
+
+main()
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/virtual.d.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/virtual.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f251e6fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/framework/virtual.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+declare module 'virtual:vite-rsc-browser-mode2/load-client' {
+ const loadClient: () => Promise
+ export default loadClient
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/index.css b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/index.css
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f4d2128c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/index.css
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+:root {
+ font-family: system-ui, Avenir, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
+ line-height: 1.5;
+ font-weight: 400;
+
+ color-scheme: light dark;
+ color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.87);
+ background-color: #242424;
+
+ font-synthesis: none;
+ text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
+ -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
+ -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
+}
+
+a {
+ font-weight: 500;
+ color: #646cff;
+ text-decoration: inherit;
+}
+a:hover {
+ color: #535bf2;
+}
+
+body {
+ margin: 0;
+ display: flex;
+ place-items: center;
+ min-width: 320px;
+ min-height: 100vh;
+}
+
+h1 {
+ font-size: 3.2em;
+ line-height: 1.1;
+}
+
+button {
+ border-radius: 8px;
+ border: 1px solid transparent;
+ padding: 0.6em 1.2em;
+ font-size: 1em;
+ font-weight: 500;
+ font-family: inherit;
+ background-color: #1a1a1a;
+ cursor: pointer;
+ transition: border-color 0.25s;
+}
+button:hover {
+ border-color: #646cff;
+}
+button:focus,
+button:focus-visible {
+ outline: 4px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;
+}
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: light) {
+ :root {
+ color: #213547;
+ background-color: #ffffff;
+ }
+ a:hover {
+ color: #747bff;
+ }
+ button {
+ background-color: #f9f9f9;
+ }
+}
+
+#root {
+ max-width: 1280px;
+ margin: 0 auto;
+ padding: 2rem;
+ text-align: center;
+}
+
+.logo {
+ height: 6em;
+ padding: 1.5em;
+ will-change: filter;
+ transition: filter 300ms;
+}
+.logo:hover {
+ filter: drop-shadow(0 0 2em #646cffaa);
+}
+.logo.react:hover {
+ filter: drop-shadow(0 0 2em #61dafbaa);
+}
+
+@keyframes logo-spin {
+ from {
+ transform: rotate(0deg);
+ }
+ to {
+ transform: rotate(360deg);
+ }
+}
+
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
+ a:nth-of-type(2) .logo {
+ animation: logo-spin infinite 20s linear;
+ }
+}
+
+.card {
+ padding: 1rem;
+}
+
+.read-the-docs {
+ color: #888;
+ text-align: left;
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/root.tsx b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/root.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9baa7b9c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/src/root.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import './index.css' // css import is automatically injected in exported server components
+import viteLogo from '/vite.svg'
+import { getServerCounter, updateServerCounter } from './action.tsx'
+import reactLogo from './assets/react.svg'
+import { ClientCounter } from './client.tsx'
+
+export function Root() {
+ return
+}
+
+function App() {
+ return (
+
+
+
Vite + RSC
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ -
+ Edit
src/client.tsx to test client HMR.
+
+ -
+ Edit
src/root.tsx to test server HMR.
+
+
+
+ )
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/tsconfig.json b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c355ed3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+ "compilerOptions": {
+ "erasableSyntaxOnly": true,
+ "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,
+ "strict": true,
+ "noUnusedLocals": true,
+ "noUnusedParameters": true,
+ "skipLibCheck": true,
+ "verbatimModuleSyntax": true,
+ "noEmit": true,
+ "moduleResolution": "Bundler",
+ "module": "ESNext",
+ "target": "ESNext",
+ "lib": ["ESNext", "DOM", "DOM.Iterable"],
+ "types": ["vite/client", "@vitejs/plugin-rsc/types"],
+ "jsx": "react-jsx"
+ }
+}
diff --git a/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/vite.config.ts b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/vite.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5123022b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2/vite.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+import rsc from '@vitejs/plugin-rsc'
+import react from '@vitejs/plugin-react'
+import { defaultClientConditions, defineConfig, type Plugin } from 'vite'
+import fsp from 'node:fs/promises'
+
+export default defineConfig({
+ plugins: [
+ spaPlugin(),
+ react(),
+ rsc({
+ entries: {
+ rsc: './src/framework/entry.rsc.tsx',
+ },
+ }),
+ rscBrowserMode2Plugin(),
+ ],
+ environments: {
+ client: {
+ build: {
+ minify: false,
+ },
+ },
+ },
+})
+
+function spaPlugin(): Plugin[] {
+ // serve index.html before rsc server
+ return [
+ {
+ name: 'serve-spa',
+ configureServer(server) {
+ return () => {
+ server.middlewares.use(async (req, res, next) => {
+ try {
+ if (req.headers.accept?.includes('text/html')) {
+ const html = await fsp.readFile('index.html', 'utf-8')
+ const transformed = await server.transformIndexHtml('/', html)
+ res.setHeader('Content-type', 'text/html')
+ res.setHeader('Vary', 'accept')
+ res.end(transformed)
+ return
+ }
+ } catch (error) {
+ next(error)
+ return
+ }
+ next()
+ })
+ }
+ },
+ },
+ ]
+}
+
+function rscBrowserMode2Plugin(): Plugin[] {
+ return [
+ {
+ name: 'rsc-browser-mode2',
+ config() {
+ return {
+ environments: {
+ react_client: {
+ resolve: {
+ noExternal: true,
+ },
+ build: {
+ outDir: 'dist/react_client',
+ copyPublicDir: false,
+ emitAssets: true,
+ rollupOptions: {
+ input: {
+ index: './src/framework/entry.browser.tsx',
+ },
+ },
+ },
+ },
+ },
+ }
+ },
+ configureServer(server) {
+ server.middlewares.use(async (req, res, next) => {
+ const url = new URL(req.url ?? '/', 'https://any.local')
+ if (url.pathname === '/@vite/invoke-react-client') {
+ const payload = JSON.parse(url.searchParams.get('data')!)
+ const result =
+ await server.environments['react_client']!.hot.handleInvoke(
+ payload,
+ )
+ res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json')
+ res.end(JSON.stringify(result))
+ return
+ }
+ next()
+ })
+ },
+ hotUpdate(ctx) {
+ if (this.environment.name === 'react_client') {
+ if (ctx.modules.length > 0) {
+ ctx.server.environments.client.hot.send({
+ type: 'full-reload',
+ path: ctx.file,
+ })
+ }
+ }
+ },
+ },
+ {
+ name: 'rsc-browser-mode2:load-client',
+ resolveId(source) {
+ if (source === 'virtual:vite-rsc-browser-mode2/load-client') {
+ if (this.environment.mode === 'dev') {
+ return this.resolve('/src/framework/load-client-dev')
+ }
+ return '\0' + source
+ }
+ },
+ load(id) {
+ if (id === '\0virtual:vite-rsc-browser-mode2/load-client') {
+ return `export default async () => import("/dist/react_client/index.js")`
+ }
+ },
+ },
+ ]
+}
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
index db0a7a5c2..d5474f240 100644
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -584,6 +584,31 @@ importers:
specifier: ^7.1.10
version: 7.1.10(@types/node@22.18.11)(jiti@2.6.1)(lightningcss@1.30.2)(yaml@2.8.1)
+ packages/plugin-rsc/examples/browser-mode2:
+ dependencies:
+ react:
+ specifier: ^19.2.0
+ version: 19.2.0
+ react-dom:
+ specifier: ^19.2.0
+ version: 19.2.0(react@19.2.0)
+ devDependencies:
+ '@types/react':
+ specifier: ^19.2.2
+ version: 19.2.2
+ '@types/react-dom':
+ specifier: ^19.2.2
+ version: 19.2.2(@types/react@19.2.2)
+ '@vitejs/plugin-react':
+ specifier: latest
+ version: link:../../../plugin-react
+ '@vitejs/plugin-rsc':
+ specifier: latest
+ version: link:../..
+ vite:
+ specifier: ^7.1.10
+ version: 7.1.10(@types/node@22.18.11)(jiti@2.6.1)(lightningcss@1.30.2)(yaml@2.8.1)
+
packages/plugin-rsc/examples/e2e:
devDependencies:
'@vitejs/plugin-react':