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Remote code execution in the vllm tool call parser for Qwen3-Coder

High
russellb published GHSA-79j6-g2m3-jgfw Aug 20, 2025

Package

pip vllm (pip)

Affected versions

>=0.10.0,<0.10.1.1

Patched versions

0.10.1.1

Description

Summary

An unsafe deserialization vulnerability allows any authenticated user to execute arbitrary code on the server if they are able to get the model to pass the code as an argument to a tool call.

Details

vLLM's Qwen3 Coder tool parser contains a code execution path that uses Python's eval() function to parse tool call parameters. This occurs during the parameter conversion process when the parser attempts to handle unknown data types.

This code path is reached when:

  1. Tool calling is enabled (--enable-auto-tool-choice)
  2. The qwen3_coder parser is specified (--tool-call-parser qwen3_coder)
  3. The parameter type is not explicitly defined or recognized

Impact

Remote Code Execution via Python's eval() function.

References

Severity

High

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVE ID

CVE-2025-9141

Weaknesses

Deserialization of Untrusted Data

The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid. Learn more on MITRE.

Credits