diff --git a/packages/runtime-vapor/src/component.ts b/packages/runtime-vapor/src/component.ts
index cd920471b2c..027cbcff193 100644
--- a/packages/runtime-vapor/src/component.ts
+++ b/packages/runtime-vapor/src/component.ts
@@ -1027,14 +1027,25 @@ function handleSetupResult(
       devRender(instance)
     }
   } else {
-    // component has a render function but no setup function
-    // (typically components with only a template and no state)
-    if (setupResult === EMPTY_OBJ && component.render) {
-      instance.block = callWithErrorHandling(
-        component.render,
-        instance,
-        ErrorCodes.RENDER_FUNCTION,
-      )
+    // component has a render function with either:
+    // - no setup function (components with only a template)
+    // - setup returning non-block state for use in render
+    // support setup fn and render fn co-usage for expose
+    if (!isBlock(setupResult) && component.render) {
+      instance.setupState = proxyRefs(setupResult)
+      instance.block =
+        callWithErrorHandling(
+          component.render,
+          instance,
+          ErrorCodes.RENDER_FUNCTION,
+          [
+            instance.setupState,
+            instance.props,
+            instance.emit,
+            instance.attrs,
+            instance.slots,
+          ],
+        ) || []
     } else {
       // in prod result can only be block
       instance.block = setupResult as Block