Replace strip-ansi with native module

[Namchee]

• Operating System: Windows 11 23H2
• Node Version: 22.18
• NPM Version: 10.9.3
• webpack Version: 5.100.2
• ${package} Version: 2.26.1

Feature Proposal

Currently, we use strip-ansi package as part of the reporter code. However, since Node 16.11 we already have util.stripVTControlCharacters that do the same thing.

Modification Proposal

Replace strip-ansi with native module

Feature Use Case

Strips 1 dependencies from package without behavioral changes.