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HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

What is HTML?

HTML is the standard markup language used to create and structure web pages and web applications. It defines the content and layout of a web page by using a system of tags and attributes.

Key Concepts:

1. Elements and Tags:

  • Element: The basic building block of HTML, represented by tags that define the structure and content of the web page.
  • Tags: Enclosed in angle brackets (< >), tags denote the beginning and end of elements. Examples: <p>, <div>, <h1>, <a>, etc.

2. Attributes:

  • Attributes provide additional information about an element and are specified within the start tag. Examples: href in <a href="https://example.com">.

3. Document Structure:

  • <!DOCTYPE>: Declares the HTML version being used.
  • : The root element of an HTML page.
  • : Contains meta-information about the document, such as title, stylesheets, scripts, etc.
  • : Contains the content of the web page, such as text, images, links, etc.

4. Common HTML Elements:

  • Text Formatting: <h1> to <h6>, <p>, <strong>, <em>, <span>.
  • Links and Images: <a>, <img>.
  • Lists: <ul>, <ol>, <li>.
  • Tables: <table>, <tr>, <td>.
  • Forms: <form>, <input>, <textarea>, <button>.

5. Semantic HTML:

  • Semantic HTML uses elements that clearly describe their meaning in a human- and machine-readable way (e.g., <header>, <nav>, <article>, <footer>).

6. HTML5 Features:

  • HTML5 introduced new elements like <section>, <article>, <header>, <footer>, <nav>, <aside>, etc., for better structure and semantics.

Importance of HTML:

HTML is fundamental to web development, providing the structure and content of web pages. It is supported by all browsers and forms the backbone of the World Wide Web.