compiler: Don't link ucrtbased.dll when targeting *-windows-msvc in Debug mode.

Linking it by default means that we produce binaries that, effectively, only run
on systems which have the Windows SDK installed because ucrtbased.dll is not
redistributable, and the Windows SDK is what actually installs ucrtbased.dll
into %SYSTEM32%. The resulting binaries also can't run under Wine because Wine
does not provide ucrtbased.dll.

It is also inconsistent with our behavior for *-windows-gnu where we always link
ucrtbase.dll. See #23983, #24019, and #24053 for more details.

So just use ucrtbase.dll regardless of mode. With this change, we can also drop
the implicit definition of the _DEBUG macro in zig cc, which has in some cases
been problematic for users.

Users who want to opt into the old behavior can do so, both for *-windows-msvc
and *-windows-gnu, by explicitly passing -lucrtbased and -D_DEBUG. We might
consider adding a more ergonomic flag like -fdebug-crt to the zig build-* family
of commands in the future.

Closes #24052.

Author: alexrp

src/Compilation.zig

@@ -5904,8 +5904,7 @@ fn updateWin32Resource(comp: *Compilation, win32_resource: *Win32Resource, win32
         // them being defined matches the behavior of how MSVC calls rc.exe which is the more
         // relevant behavior in this case.
         switch (rc_src.owner.optimize_mode) {
-            .Debug => try argv.append("-D_DEBUG"),
-            .ReleaseSafe => {},
+            .Debug, .ReleaseSafe => {},
             .ReleaseFast, .ReleaseSmall => try argv.append("-DNDEBUG"),
         }
         try argv.appendSlice(rc_src.extra_flags);
@@ -6260,10 +6259,7 @@ pub fn addCCArgs(
         // LLVM IR files don't support these flags.
         if (ext != .ll and ext != .bc) {
             switch (mod.optimize_mode) {
-                .Debug => {
-                    // windows c runtime requires -D_DEBUG if using debug libraries
-                    try argv.append("-D_DEBUG");
-                },
+                .Debug => {},
                 .ReleaseSafe => {
                     try argv.append("-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2");
                 },

src/link/Coff.zig

@@ -2113,21 +2113,17 @@ fn linkWithLLD(coff: *Coff, arena: Allocator, tid: Zcu.PerThread.Id, prog_node:
 
                         try argv.append(try comp.crtFileAsString(arena, "libmingw32.lib"));
                     } else {
+                        try argv.append(switch (comp.config.link_mode) {
+                            .static => "libcmt.lib",
+                            .dynamic => "msvcrt.lib",
+                        });
+
                         const lib_str = switch (comp.config.link_mode) {
-                            .dynamic => "",
                             .static => "lib",
+                            .dynamic => "",
                         };
-                        const d_str = switch (optimize_mode) {
-                            .Debug => "d",
-                            else => "",
-                        };
-                        switch (comp.config.link_mode) {
-                            .static => try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "libcmt{s}.lib", .{d_str})),
-                            .dynamic => try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "msvcrt{s}.lib", .{d_str})),
-                        }
-
-                        try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "{s}vcruntime{s}.lib", .{ lib_str, d_str }));
-                        try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "{s}ucrt{s}.lib", .{ lib_str, d_str }));
+                        try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "{s}vcruntime.lib", .{lib_str}));
+                        try argv.append(try allocPrint(arena, "{s}ucrt.lib", .{lib_str}));
 
                         //Visual C++ 2015 Conformance Changes
                         //https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb531344.aspx